Article
Psychiatry
Sarah Tarbox-Berry, Barbara C. Walsh, Michael F. Pogue-Geile, Scott W. Woods
Summary: This study presents the first data on APS symptoms in family members of APS patients, showing that the severity of symptoms is greater in probands compared to siblings, especially in the negative/anxiety and positive factors. These results support the importance of non-familial effects on risk for APS and suggest differences in familial contribution to APS symptoms.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ana Carolina Dutra-Tavares, Anais Bandeira-Martins, Juliana O. Silva, Luciana A. Couto, Claudio C. Filgueiras, Anderson Ribeiro-Carvalho, Alex C. Manhaes, Yael Abreu-Villaca
Summary: The association between schizophrenia and nicotine addiction is evident during adolescence. Nicotine may ameliorate psychotic-like behavior in adolescent mice, possibly through mechanisms involving D2 receptors.
TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Tyler M. Moore, Monica E. Calkins, Adon F. G. Rosen, Ellyn R. Butler, Kosha Ruparel, Paolo Fusar-Poli, Nikolaos Koutsouleris, Philip McGuire, Tyrone D. Cannon, Ruben C. Gur, Raquel E. Gur
Summary: Assessment of risks of illnesses is a crucial part of medicine, and the development of risk calculators, particularly for psychosis risk, can aid in identifying at-risk community youth. This study utilized various methods to predict future psychosis spectrum (PS) status, with variables like the Children's Global Assessment Scale, delusions, and neighborhood marriage rates being strong predictors. The results suggest potential applications for risk calculators in screening and identifying at-risk youth in community settings.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Emily R. Kline, Maria Ferrara, Fangyong Li, Deepak Cyril D'Souza, Matcheri H. Keshavan, Vinod H. Srihari
Summary: This study investigates the usage of cannabis among patients with psychotic disorders and finds that cannabis use starts several years before the onset of symptoms. Early exposure to cannabis is associated with younger age at symptom onset, worse premorbid functioning, and more severe cannabis use disorder at admission.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gregory P. Strauss, Kelsey Macdonald, Ivan Ruiz, Ian M. Raugh, Lisa A. Bartolomeo, Sydney H. James
Summary: This study compared negative symptom severity scores obtained during the COVID-19 pandemic to pre-pandemic assessments in individuals with chronic schizophrenia and those at clinical high risk for psychosis. The findings suggest that while both groups showed increased negative symptoms during the pandemic, individuals with chronic schizophrenia exhibited higher severity across all domains, compared to those at clinical high risk for psychosis who only showed increases in specific areas. Negative symptoms should be a critical treatment target during and after the pandemic in the schizophrenia spectrum.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Julia-Katharina Pfarr, Tina Meller, Ulrika Evermann, Lili Sahakyan, Thomas R. Kwapil, Igor Nenadic
Summary: This study investigated the psychometric properties of three schizotypy questionnaires and a prodromal schizophrenia questionnaire, and found that different instruments grasp facets of schizotypy differently, suggesting the need for an integrative approach for assessing schizotypy.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Jennifer H. Foss-Feig, Sylvia B. Guillory, Brian J. Roach, Eva Velthorst, Holly Hamilton, Peter Bachman, Aysenil Belger, Ricardo Carrion, Erica Duncan, Jason Johannesen, Gregory A. Light, Margaret Niznikiewicz, Jean M. Addington, Kristin S. Cadenhead, Tyrone D. Cannon, Barbara Cornblatt, Thomas McGlashan, Diana Perkins, Larry J. Seidman, William S. Stone, Ming Tsuang, Elaine F. Walker, Scott Woods, Carrie E. Bearden, Daniel H. Mathalon
Summary: Psychosis rates are higher in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) compared to the general population. The study suggests that the sensitivity of P300 to psychosis risk may differ in ASD+ CHR individuals.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Assia Riccioni, Martina Siracusano, Michelangelo Vasta, Michele Ribolsi, Federico Fiori Nastro, Leonardo Emberti Gialloreti, Giorgio Di Lorenzo, Luigi Mazzone
Summary: Psychosis occurs at high rates in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the detection of prodromal psychotic symptoms in ASD has not been extensively studied. This longitudinal study found that nearly one-third of young individuals with ASD/APS convert to full psychosis over time. Conversion to full psychosis is affected by decreased cognitive and adaptive skills.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
K. Juston Osborne, Katherine S. F. Damme, Tina Gupta, Derek J. Dean, Jessica A. Bernard, Vijay A. Mittal
Summary: The study found that CHR youth exhibited poorer temporal accuracy compared to controls, which was associated with abnormal connectivity between the bilateral anterior cerebellum and a right caudate/nucleus accumbens striatal cluster. Poor temporal accuracy accounted for 11% of the variance in worsening of negative symptoms over 12 months.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alysia M. Berglund, Ian M. Raugh, Kelsey I. Macdonald, Sydney H. James, Lisa A. Bartolomeo, Anna R. Knippenberg, Gregory P. Strauss
Summary: Although the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health has been acknowledged, little attention has been given to its effects on individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. This study examined changes in hallucination and delusion frequency and distress among different groups over the course of the pandemic. The findings suggest that addressing positive symptoms and ensuring medication adherence are crucial during this time.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Vijay A. Mittal, Elaine F. Walker, Gregory P. Strauss
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the prevalence of psychiatric illness globally, impacting the clinical population of psychosis-risk syndromes. Social restrictions have had varying effects on stress levels, while pandemic-related societal and cultural changes have added complexity to diagnostic and treatment landscapes in this area.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Marian Surmann, Sebastian Falke, Lara von Gruchalla, Birgit Maisch, Christina Uhlmann, Volker Arolt, Rebekka Lencer
Summary: This study found that more positive clinician input, higher state anxiety, and lower levels of self-stigmatization predicted more positive adherence attitudes. Conversely, less positive collaboration with the clinician and higher levels of self-stigmatization were associated with more negative adherence attitudes. The quality of the therapeutic alliance perceived by patients appears crucial in shaping their medication adherence attitudes.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Silvia Azzali, Lorenzo Pelizza, Ilaria Scazza, Federica Paterlini, Sara Garlassi, Luigi Rocco Chiri, Michele Poletti, Simona Pupo, Andrea Raballo
Summary: Aberrant salience (AS) is clinically relevant in individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) of psychosis, and it appears to improve over time with the delivery of specialized psychosocial interventions for early psychosis.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Benson S. Ku, Jean Addington, Carrie E. Bearden, Kristin S. Cadenhead, Tyrone D. Cannon, Michael T. Compton, Barbara A. Cornblatt, Matcheri Keshavan, Daniel H. Mathalon, Diana O. Perkins, William S. Stone, Ming T. Tsuang, Elaine F. Walker, Scott W. Woods, Benjamin G. Druss
Summary: Evidence suggests that both individual-level and area-level residential instability may be associated with conversion to psychosis among adolescents at clinical high risk.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Manuel Gardea-Resendez, Javier Ortiz-Orendain, Alessandro Miola, Manuel Fuentes Salgado, Mete Ercis, Brandon J. Coombes, Peggy M. Gruhlke, J. Michael Bostwick, Ian Michel, Jennifer L. Vande Voort, Aysegul Ozerdem, Alastair McKean, Mark A. Frye, Monica Taylor-Desir
Summary: This study compares psychiatric diagnoses and psychotropic drug use before the first episode of mania or psychosis in racially diverse patients. The findings indicate that non-White patients had a shorter duration of psychiatric antecedents and sought mental health care at an older age compared to White patients. There were no significant differences in pathways to care or age of first seeking mental health between racial groups, but non-White patients had lower rates of psychotropic drug use.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Wisteria Deng, Jean Addington, Carrie E. Bearden, Kristin S. Cadenhead, Barbara A. Cornblatt, Daniel H. Mathalon, Diana O. Perkins, Larry J. Seidman, Ming T. Tsuang, Scott W. Woods, Elaine F. Walker, Tyrone D. Cannon
Summary: This study found that there are different covariant trajectories of social anxiety and positive symptoms over time in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis. One subgroup showed sustained social anxiety despite moderate recovery in positive symptoms, while the other two subgroups showed recovery in both social anxiety and positive symptoms. The subgroup with sustained social anxiety had poorer long-term functional outcomes and higher levels of genetic and environmental risk factors for psychosis.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Lauren N. N. Tronick, Heline Mirzakhanian, Jean Addington, Carrie E. E. Bearden, Tyrone D. D. Cannon, Barbara A. A. Cornblatt, Matcheri Keshavan, Daniel H. H. Mathalon, Thomas H. H. McGlashan, Diana O. O. Perkins, William Stone, Ming T. T. Tsuang, Elaine F. F. Walker, Scott W. W. Woods, Kristin S. S. Cadenhead
Summary: This study aims to explore the risk of violence in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR) and its relationship with psychosis risk symptoms and global functioning. It shows that CHR individuals are at higher risk of violence compared to healthy individuals and that this risk is associated with greater severity of symptoms, poor functioning, and risk for conversion to psychosis.
EARLY INTERVENTION IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Meghan A. Collins, Jie Lisa Ji, Yoonho Chung, Cole A. Lympus, Yvette Afriyie-Agyemang, Jean M. Addington, Bradley G. Goodyear, Carrie E. Bearden, Kristin S. Cadenhead, Heline Mirzakhanian, Ming T. Tsuang, Barbara A. Cornblatt, Ricardo E. Carrion, Matcheri Keshavan, Wiliam S. Stone, Daniel H. Mathalon, Diana O. Perkins, Elaine F. Walker, Scott W. Woods, Albert R. Powers, Alan Anticevic, Tyrone D. Cannon
Summary: Progressive grey matter loss has been observed among individuals who convert to psychosis, and this study found that accelerated cortical thinning precedes psychosis onset and can differentiate converters from non-converters. These findings highlight the importance of identifying neurobiological mechanisms prior to conversion for early intervention.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Esra Sefik, Michelle Boamah, Jean Addington, Carrie E. Bearden, Kristin S. Cadenhead, Barbara A. Cornblatt, Matcheri S. Keshavan, Daniel H. Mathalon, Diana O. Perkins, William S. Stone, Ming T. Tsuang, Scott W. Woods, Tyrone D. Cannon, Elaine F. Walker
Summary: This study found clinically relevant deviations in cerebellar cortex and white matter structures among CHR individuals, highlighting the importance of considering the complex interplay between sex and age when studying the neuromaturational substrates of psychosis risk.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Mariapaola Barbato, Lu Liu, Carrie E. Bearden, Kristin S. Cadenhead, Barbara A. Cornblatt, Matcheri Keshavan, Daniel H. Mathalon, Thomas H. McGlashan, Diana O. Perkins, Larry J. Seidman, William Stone, Ming T. Tsuang, Elaine F. Walker, Scott W. Woods, Tyrone D. Cannon, Jean Addington
Summary: This study aimed to assess the impact of migrant status on clinical symptoms and functional outcome in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis. The results showed no significant differences in symptoms or functioning between different groups at any time point. However, significant improvements in symptoms and functioning were observed within each group over time. Transition rates did not differ across groups.
SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHIATRIC EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Trevor F. Williams, Elaine F. Walker, Gregory P. Strauss, Scott W. Woods, Albert R. Powers, Philip R. Corlett, Jason Schiffman, James A. Waltz, James M. Gold, Steven M. Silverstein, Lauren M. Ellman, Richard E. Zinbarg, Vijay A. Mittal
Summary: This study aimed to validate the reliability and validity of the revised green paranoid thoughts scale (RGPTS) in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR). The results showed that the RGPTS had a replicated two-factor structure and the associated reference and persecution scales were reliable. CHR individuals scored significantly higher on both reference and persecution, compared to healthy controls and clinical controls.
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Letter
Psychiatry
Yash B. Joshi, Juan L. Molina, David L. Braff, Michael F. Green, Ruben C. Gur, Raquel E. Gur, Keith H. Nuechterlein, William S. Stone, Tiffany A. Greenwood, Laura C. Lazzeroni, Allen D. Radant, Jeremy M. Silverman, Joyce Sprock, Catherine A. Sugar, Debby W. Tsuang, Ming T. Tsuang, Bruce I. Turetsky, Neal R. Swerdlow, Gregory A. Light
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Erica L. Karp, Trevor F. Williams, Lauren M. Ellman, Gregory P. Strauss, Elaine F. Walker, Philip R. Corlett, Scott W. Woods, Albert R. Powers, James M. Gold, Jason E. Schiffman, James A. Waltz, Steven M. Silverstein, Vijay A. Mittal
Summary: This study investigated self-reported gesture interpretation and performance in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis, those with internalizing disorders, and healthy controls. The results showed that the clinical high-risk group had significantly lower scores in self-reported gesture interpretation compared to the other two groups, while there were no differences in gesture performance among the three groups. Within the clinical high-risk group, greater deficits in gesture performance were associated with lower verbal learning and memory, and gesture deficits were also linked to higher cross-sectional risk for conversion to a full psychotic disorder.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Sarah Tarbox-Berry, Barbara C. Walsh, Michael F. Pogue-Geile, Scott W. Woods
Summary: This study presents the first data on APS symptoms in family members of APS patients, showing that the severity of symptoms is greater in probands compared to siblings, especially in the negative/anxiety and positive factors. These results support the importance of non-familial effects on risk for APS and suggest differences in familial contribution to APS symptoms.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Matthew A. Hagler, Maria Ferrara, Laura A. Yoviene Sykes, Fangyong Li, Jean Addington, Carrie E. Bearden, Kristin S. Cadenhead, Tyrone D. Cannon, Barbara A. Cornblatt, Diana O. Perkins, Daniel H. Mathalon, Larry J. Seidman, Ming T. Tsuang, Elaine F. Walker, Albert R. Powers III, Adrienne R. Allen, Vinod H. Srihari, Scott W. Woods
Summary: Over the past two decades, research and clinical resources on clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis have expanded, aiming to understand risk and protective factors and inform early intervention efforts. However, potential sampling bias among CHR research studies and inequitable access to early detection and intervention have been raised. This study compared participants in a CHR longitudinal monitoring study (CHR-CV) to those seeking treatment at a first-episode psychosis service (FES), finding demographic and clinical differences between the groups.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Timothy I. Michaels, Ricardo E. Carrion, Jean Addington, Carrie E. Bearden, Kristin S. Cadenhead, Tyrone D. Cannon, Matcheri Keshavan, Daniel H. Mathalon, Thomas H. McGlashan, Diana O. Perkins, Larry J. Seidman, William S. Stone, Ming T. Tsuang, Elaine F. Walker, Scott W. Woods, Barbara A. Cornblatt
Summary: This study explored the association between perceived discrimination and positive symptoms in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis. The findings suggest that CHR individuals are more likely to experience lifetime and past year discrimination related to their race and ethnicity, and this discrimination is significantly associated with baseline positive symptoms.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Katrina Aberizk, Esra Sefik, Jean Addington, Alan Anticevic, Carrie E. E. Bearden, Kristin S. S. Cadenhead, Tyrone D. D. Cannon, Barbara A. A. Cornblatt, Matcheri Keshavan, Daniel H. H. Mathalon, Diana O. O. Perkins, William S. S. Stone, Ming T. T. Tsuang, Scott W. W. Woods, Elaine F. F. Walker
Summary: This study found that reduced hippocampal volume is a brain morphological feature of psychiatric conditions. It also observed associations between hippocampal volume and hippocampal functional connectivity with the inferior parietal lobe and thalamus. The results suggest that the functional connectivity of the hippocampus with the temporoparietal junction within the default mode network is sensitive to hippocampal volume.
CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Benson S. Ku, Meghan Collins, Deidre M. Anglin, Anthony M. Diomino, Jean Addington, Carrie E. Bearden, Kristin S. Cadenhead, Tyrone D. Cannon, Barbara A. Cornblatt, Benjamin G. Druss, Matcheri Keshavan, Daniel H. Mathalon, Diana O. Perkins, William S. Stone, Ming T. Tsuang, Scott W. Woods, Elaine F. Walker
Summary: The study found an inverse relationship between ethnoracial minority density and risk of psychotic spectrum disorders. It also revealed associations between area-level ethnoracial minority density during childhood, cortical thickness, and social engagement. Lower levels of ethnoracial minority density during childhood were associated with reduced cortical thickness in the right fusiform gyrus and right insula, especially among youth with lower social engagement.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)