Article
Psychiatry
Alex G. Segura, Anna Mane, Llucia Prohens, Natalia Rodriguez, Gisela Mezquida, Manuel Cuesta, Eduard Vieta, Silvia Amoretti, Antonio Lobo, Ana Gonzalez-Pinto, Covadonga M. Diaz-Caneja, Alexandra Roldan Bejarano, Esther Jimenez, Immaculada Baeza, Teresa Legido, Jeronimo Saiz-Ruiz, Miguel Bernardo, Sergi Mas
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the association between cannabis-related polygenic risk scores (PRS) and cannabis use and clinical course after first-episode psychosis (FEP). The results showed that cannabis use was associated with increased positive symptoms and younger age of cannabis initiation influenced the progression of symptoms. Patients with higher cannabis PRS had increased baseline cannabis use and the PRS for lifetime cannabis initiation was associated with negative and general symptomatology over follow-up. These findings suggest that genetic factors may play a role in cannabis use and symptom progression after FEP.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Henry R. Cowan, Trevor F. Williams, Jason Schiffman, Lauren M. Ellman, Vijay A. Mittal
Summary: Clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR) is a transdiagnostic risk state, and its relationship with the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) is unclear. This study used factor analysis to define a hierarchical dimensional symptom structure in young adults. The results suggest that CHR status is best explained by a reality-distortion dimension with contributions from internalizing dimensions. Attenuated psychotic symptoms were explained by multiple psychotic and nonpsychotic symptom dimensions. HiTOP can provide diagnostic precision and broad transdiagnostic coverage for at-risk individuals.
CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Arianna Manzini, Emily J. H. Jones, Tony Charman, Mayada Elsabbagh, Mark H. Johnson, Ilina Singh
Summary: This paper outlines the current research on early markers for autism and highlights the ethical concerns surrounding the understanding of children's neurodevelopment. It emphasizes the importance of collaboration between researchers, autistic individuals, and their families to address early interventions that accommodate diverse experiences and preferences.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Mohammad Ahangari, Daniel Bustamante, Robert Kirkpatrick, Tan-Hoang Nguyen, Brian C. Verrelli, Ayman Fanous, Kenneth S. Kendler, Bradley T. Webb, Silviu-Alin Bacanu, Brien P. Riley
Summary: This study found that polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia are associated with negative/disorganized symptoms in participants with a history of a psychotic episode and negative symptoms in participants without a history of a psychotic episode in multiplex families with schizophrenia.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Sophie E. Legge, Alastair G. Cardno, Judith Allardyce, Charlotte Dennison, Leon Hubbard, Antonio F. Pardinas, Alexander Richards, Elliott Rees, Arianna Di Florio, Valentina Escott-Price, Stanley Zammit, Peter Holmans, Michael J. Owen, Michael C. O'Donovan, James T. R. Walters
Summary: The study found that in patients with schizophrenia, disorganized symptoms and cognitive ability are associated with genetic liability to schizophrenia, while cognitive ability is also related to genetic risk for intelligence.
Review
Psychiatry
Luis Alameda, Angeline Christy, Victoria Rodriguez, Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo, Madeleine Thrush, Yi Shen, Beatriz Alameda, Edoardo Spinazzola, Eduardo Iacoponi, Giulia Trotta, Ewan Carr, Miguel Ruiz-Veguilla, Monica Aas, Craig Morgan, Robin M. Murray
Summary: This study systematically quantitatively examined the association between childhood adversity and abuse with different psychological dimensions in individuals with psychosis. The findings suggest that broadly defined adversity and various forms of abuse can increase transdimensional severity, while neglect during childhood seems to be exclusively related to negative and depressive dimensions.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Philippe Golay, Julie Ramain, Lilith Abrahamyan Empson, Nadir Mebdouhi, Julien Elowe, Alessandra Solida, Philippe Conus
Summary: This study investigated symptom differentiation or dedifferentiation over time in recent onset psychosis and found no evidence for either. The results suggested a high degree of specificity of the symptoms, with specific symptoms accounting for a significant proportion of the variance.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Sarah Butter, Mark Shevlin, Orla McBride, Richard P. Bentall, Philip Hyland, Gerard Leavey, Jamie Murphy
Summary: This study found that different levels of psychological trauma are correlated with psychological disorders, and quantitative factors are more able to distinguish the psychological status of different groups.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Linda T. Betz, Nora Penzel, Marlene Rosen, Kamaldeep Bhui, Rachel Upthegrove, Joseph Kambeitz
Summary: Psychosis expression in the general population shows high heterogeneity, and the structure of symptom networks reflects distinct sex-related adversities, etiologies, and mechanisms of symptom-expression. Disentangling the complex interplay of sex, minority ethnic group status, and other risk factors may help optimize early intervention and prevention strategies in psychosis.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Jae Hoon Jeong, Sung-Wan Kim, Bong Ju Lee, Jung Jin Kim, Je-Chun Yu, Seung-Hee Won, Seung-Hwan Lee, Seung-Hyun Kim, Shi Hyun Kang, Euitae Kim, Young-Chul Chung, Kyu Young Lee
Summary: The study identified two factors related to psychosis symptom severity and cognition, which could help predict the clinical course of recent-onset psychosis patients.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Anthony O. Ahmed, Brian Kirkpatrick, Eric Granholm, Laura M. Rowland, Peter B. Barker, James M. Gold, Robert W. Buchanan, Tacina Outram, Miguel Bernardo, Maria Paz Garcia-Portilla, Anna Mane, Emilio Fernandez-Egea, Gregory P. Strauss
Summary: Negative symptom studies should use multidimensional models instead of single composite scores. This study compared different models using structural equation modeling and found that a five-dimensional model best captures the relationship between negative symptoms and other variables.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Emiliana Tonini, Oliver Watkeys, Yann Quide, Thomas J. Whitford, Murray J. Cairns, Melissa J. Green
Summary: Recent research has found a correlation between genetic and environmental risk factors for psychotic disorders and higher levels of schizotypy in the general population. This study aimed to investigate the moderating effect of genetic loading for schizophrenia on the association between childhood trauma severity and schizotypy. The results showed a significant interaction between genetic loading and childhood trauma in relation to interpersonal and disorganised dimensions of schizotypy, as well as the total score. This suggests that trauma may increase the risk for psychosis independently of any genetic vulnerability.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Angelica Ronald, Nora de Bode, Tinca J. C. Polderman
Summary: Research on the association between ADHD polygenic risk score (PRS) and ADHD-related traits in both clinical and population samples has shown strong evidence of a link in various aspects such as ADHD, brain structure, education, externalizing behaviors, and more. However, associations with addiction, autism, and mental health remain inconclusive and require further investigation.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hueng-Chuen Fan, Kuo-Liang Chiang, Kuang-Hsi Chang, Chuan-Mu Chen, Jeng-Dau Tsai
Summary: Comorbidities are common in children with epilepsy, and ADHD is one of the most prevalent comorbidities. The burden of ADHD in children with epilepsy is high and can negatively impact their clinical outcomes, psychosocial aspects, and quality of life. Stimulants have shown effectiveness and safety in treating comorbid ADHD, but further research is needed to establish their safety in randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trials.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Anusha Mohan, Sook Ling Leong, Dirk De Ridder, Sven Vanneste
Summary: Tinnitus is a heterogeneous disorder that is difficult to classify based on clinical profiles. This article proposes a framework that views tinnitus as a dimensional disorder and explores the interactions between different dimensions to determine the characteristics of tinnitus. This perspective can enhance our understanding of tinnitus and improve treatment strategies.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Afra van der Markt, Ursula M. H. Klumpers, Annemiek Dols, Marco P. Boks, Annabel Vreeker, Aartjan T. F. Beekman, Ralph W. Kupka
Summary: This study aimed to identify a combination of clinical characteristics associated with progression in two clinical staging models for bipolar disorder. The results showed that factors such as familial loading, childhood abuse, earlier onset, longer illness duration, psychiatric comorbidity, and treatment resistance were predictors for a higher stage in the progression of the disorder.
Article
Emergency Medicine
Roos Johanna Maria Havermans, Felix Johannes Clouth, Koen Willem Wouter Lansink, Jeroen Kornelis Vermunt, Mariska Adriana Cornelia de Jongh, Leonie de Munter
Summary: This study identified different physical recovery trajectories using Latent Markov Models (LMMs) and predicted these recovery states based on individual patient characteristics. Most patients recovered quickly, with only about a quarter experiencing severe problems after 1 month.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND EMERGENCY SURGERY
(2022)
Correction
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Sunghoon Kim, Ashley Stadler Blank, Wayne S. DeSarbo, Jeroen K. Vermunt
JOURNAL OF CLASSIFICATION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seyma Katrinli, Adam X. Maihofer, Agaz H. Wani, John R. Pfeiffer, Elizabeth Ketema, Andrew Ratanatharathorn, Dewleen G. Baker, Marco P. Boks, Elbert Geuze, Ronald C. Kessler, Victoria B. Risbrough, Bart P. F. Rutten, Murray B. Stein, Robert J. Ursano, Eric Vermetten, Mark W. Logue, Caroline M. Nievergelt, Alicia K. Smith, Monica Uddin
Summary: This study identifies epigenetic changes associated with PTSD symptom severity and changes in symptom severity over time. Genes involved in oxidative stress and the immune system are found to be associated with PTSD.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Leonie V. D. E. Vogelsmeier, Jeroen K. Vermunt, Anne Bulow, Kim De Roover
Summary: This paper introduces a simplified method for estimating the latent Markov factor analysis (LMFA) and facilitates the exploration of covariate effects. A real data example demonstrates the empirical value of this method.
MULTIVARIATE BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Lot D. de Witte, Zhaoyu Wang, Gijsje L. J. L. Snijders, Natalia Mendelev, Qingkun Liu, Marjolein A. M. Sneeboer, Marco P. M. Boks, Yongchao Ge, Fatemeh Haghighi
Summary: Transcriptome studies have revealed age-, disease-, and region-associated microglial phenotypes reflecting changes in microglial function during development, aging, central nervous system homeostasis, and pathology. The aim of this study was to characterize the DNA methylation landscape of human microglia and the factors that contribute to variations in the microglia methylome. We found that human microglial cells have a methylation profile distinct from bulk brain tissue and neurons, and age explained a considerable part of the variation. Additionally, we showed that interindividual factors had a much larger effect on the methylation landscape of microglia than brain region, which was also seen at the transcriptome level. In our exploratory analysis, we found various differentially methylated regions that were related to disease status (mood disorder vs. control).
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Educational
E. Damiano D'Urso, Jesper Tijmstra, Jeroen K. Vermunt, Kim De Roover
Summary: Assessing the measurement model of self-report scales is crucial for obtaining valid measurements of individuals' latent psychological constructs. This study found that the acquiescence response style has an impact on the measurement results, especially in balanced scales. The use of informed rotation approaches can help resolve this issue.
EDUCATIONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Oe Emre C. Alagoez, Jeroen K. Vermunt
Summary: This study investigates how missing values affect latent class modeling using bias-adjusted stepwise approaches and proposes a new analysis method. Using synthetic data sets, the results show that unbiased parameter estimates can be obtained in stepwise LC analysis when the MAR assumption holds in the first step model. However, bias is introduced when this assumption does not hold, especially with modal class assignments. The amount of bias is influenced by the deviation from MAR, the proportion of missing values, and the separation between classes.
STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING-A MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Educational
Martijn Schoenmakers, Jesper Tijmstra, Jeroen Vermunt, Maria Bolsinova
Summary: This article examines two frequently used item response theory (IRT) models, the multidimensional nominal response model (MNRM) and the IRTree model. The study reveals conceptual differences between these models, which result in different conclusions about the size and presence of differences in substantive trait between groups. A simulation study shows that the IRTree model and MNRM can drastically differ in their conclusions when groups differ in their average extreme response style (ERS). An empirical example is provided and implications for the future use of both models and the conceptualization of ERS are discussed.
EDUCATIONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
F. J. Clouth, S. Pauws, J. K. Vermunt
Summary: This article presents an extension of the bias-adjusted three-step latent class analysis with inverse propensity weighting (IPW) to account for differential item function (DIF) caused by treatment or exposure variables. The proposed method includes treatment with its direct effect on the class indicators in the step-one model and incorporates IPW in the step-three model to adjust for classification errors that differ across treatment groups. DIF caused by confounders used to create the propensity scores is found to be less problematic. The newly proposed approach is demonstrated using synthetic and real-life data examples and implemented in Latent GOLD program.
STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING-A MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Brenda De Wit-De Visser, Madeleine Rijckmans, Jeroen K. Vermunt, Arno van Dam
Summary: ASPD and ASB have significant impacts on individuals, their environment, and society, with no evidence-based treatments currently available. Contradictory research findings on therapy effectiveness and underlying factors of ASB further fuel the debate on the accuracy of the conceptualization of ASPD and the homogeneity of this population.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Afra van der Markt, Ursula Klumpers, Annemiek Dols, Nicole Korten, Marco P. Boks, Roel A. Ophoff, Aartjan Beekman, Ralph Kupka, Neeltje E. M. van Haren, Hugo Schnack
Summary: This study investigates the association between brain structures and illness progression in bipolar disorder (BD) and explores the potential of brain-predicted age difference (brain-PAD) as a biomarker for BD staging. The results suggest that higher brain-PAD is associated with impaired inter-episodic functioning, but this association loses significance after considering confounding factors such as lithium-use and comorbid anxiety disorders. There is no significant association between global and (sub)cortical brain measures and illness stages.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Mihai A. A. Constantin, Noemi K. Schuurman, Jeroen K. K. Vermunt
Summary: We present a general method for sample size computations in the context of cross-sectional network models. The method is an automated Monte Carlo algorithm that iteratively concentrates computations on relevant sample sizes to find the optimal size. It requires inputs of a hypothesized network structure or desired characteristics, an estimation performance measure and target value, and a statistic and target value to reach the performance measure. The method includes a Monte Carlo simulation, curve-fitting, and stratified bootstrapping steps to provide sample size recommendations with uncertainty quantification. Rating: 7/10
PSYCHOLOGICAL METHODS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Leonie V. D. E. Vogelsmeier, Jeroen K. Vermunt, Kim De Roover
Summary: Intensive longitudinal data (ILD) have gained popularity in studying within-person dynamics in psychological constructs. Before exploring the dynamics, it is important to examine whether the measurement model (MM) is consistent across subjects and time, in order to ensure the constructs have the same meaning. Latent Markov factor analysis (LMFA) can be used to investigate MM differences in ILD, and the new user-friendly software package lmfa makes it easier for researchers to perform this analysis.
BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Jonas M. B. Haslbeck, Jeroen K. Vermunt, Lourens J. Waldorp
Summary: Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) are widely used for exploring heterogeneity in multivariate continuous data, but their performance in estimating GMMs for ordinal data is uncertain. In this study, we investigate this by simulating data from various GMMs, thresholding them in ordinal categories, and evaluating recovery performance. We find that the number of components can be reliably estimated with enough ordinal categories and variables, but the estimates of component model parameters are biased regardless of sample size.
BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS
(2023)
