Article
Psychiatry
Tanner J. Bommersbach, Taeho Greg Rhee, Elina A. Stefanovics, Robert A. Rosenheck
Summary: This study compared Black and White adults with clinical diagnoses of schizophrenia in a nationally representative sample. The findings revealed that Black individuals with schizophrenia face numerous social and economic disadvantages, such as lower employment, educational attainment, income, marriage, and social support, as well as higher rates of discrimination. They also showed higher rates of alcohol and drug use disorders, but lower rates of co-morbid psychiatric disorders.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sonja Motteli, Barbora Provaznikova, Stefan Vetter, Matthias Jager, Erich Seifritz, Florian Hotzy
Summary: Compared to the general population, people with severe mental illness (SMI) have a higher risk of weight gain and metabolic syndrome, as well as malnutrition due to unhealthy lifestyle behaviors. This study aimed to identify barriers to healthy eating, including nutrition knowledge and skills, in individuals with SMI. The results showed that patients with SMI had worse nutritional status and lifestyle compared to healthy controls, but their levels of nutrition knowledge, cooking and food skills, and motivation to eat healthily were not significantly lower.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Annabel S. Mueller-Stierlin, Sebastian Cornet, Anna Peisser, Selina Jaeckle, Jutta Lehle, Sabrina Moerkl, Scott B. Teasdale
Summary: This study aimed to understand the role of nutrition in people with serious mental illness (SMI). The study identified both positive effects (such as improving physical and mental conditions, treating somatic illnesses) and negative effects (such as impairment related to mental illness, perceived stigma) of diet. The participants showed significant concern about the mental burden arising from their body weight.
Article
Psychiatry
Katharine Barnard-Kelly, Clare A. Whicher, Hermione C. Price, Peter Phiri, Shanaya Rathod, Carolyn Asher, Robert C. Peveler, Richard I. G. Holt
Summary: This study aimed to record the expectations and experiences of individuals with severe mental illness receiving daily Liraglutide injections for obesity treatment. Interviews with patients and healthcare professionals revealed that most participants had no challenges with the injections and overall, Liraglutide was considered an acceptable therapy for obesity in this population.
Review
Psychiatry
Ella Pearson, Dan Siskind, Ruth E. Hubbard, Emily H. Gordon, Elizabeth J. Coulson, Nicola Warren
Summary: Emerging evidence suggests that individuals with severe mental illness (SMI) are at an increased risk of frailty. This systematic review examined the prevalence and correlates of frailty, as well as the efficacy of interventions, in this population. The findings indicate a high prevalence of frailty among individuals with SMI, with associations to physical comorbidity, cognitive deficits, falls, and mortality. However, further research is needed to develop appropriate interventions for frailty in this population.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Edward J. Goetzl, Vinod H. Srihari, Maja Mustapic, Dimitrios Kapogiannis, George R. Heninger
Summary: Structural alterations or quantitative abnormalities of mitochondrial ion channels and exchangers are associated with mental illness. Levels of mitochondrial calcium ion channel proteins in plasma neuron-derived extracellular vesicles (NDEVs) were assessed in patients with first episodes of psychosis (FP). The study found significant differences in the levels of certain proteins, which have been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders, mental retardation, schizophrenia, and major depressive diseases. Understanding the altered calcium homeostasis in schizophrenia could lead to improved diagnosis and treatment.
Article
Psychiatry
Gillian Mezey, Sarah White, Isobel Harrison, Jennifer Bousfield, Helen Killaspy, Brynmor Lloyd-Evans, Sarah Payne
Summary: The study found that individuals with different diagnostic conditions did not vary significantly in terms of social inclusion, but factors such as age, education level, and history of previous admissions were associated with lower social inclusion. Social inclusion was positively associated with quality of life and negatively associated with loneliness and stigma.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Naomi Launders, Laura Scolamiero, David P. J. Osborn, Joseph F. Hayes
Summary: This study found that patients with schizophrenia have lower rates of cancer diagnosis but higher all-cause and cancer-specific mortality rates following diagnosis. Premature mortality does not explain these differences, suggesting the presence of barriers to cancer diagnosis and treatment.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maria Ishaq Khattak, Lisa Dikomitis, Muhammad Firaz Khan, Mukhtar Ul Haq, Umaima Saeed, Naila Riaz Awan, Zia Ul Haq, Thomas Shepherd, Christian D. Mallen, Saeed Farooq
Summary: This study aims to explore the perceptions and experiences of schizophrenia from patients, caregivers, healthcare providers, spiritual and traditional healers in Pakistan, in order to develop a community-based intervention for improving treatment adherence. The findings highlight that schizophrenia is not solely a biomedical problem, but influenced by poverty and social disparity. Spiritual and traditional healing methods are seen as integral to the well-being and rehabilitation of schizophrenia patients. The lack of mental health services, training, and necessary medication in primary care is identified as a major issue. Barriers to community-based interventions include multiple pressures on staff, lack of incentives, non-availability of medication, and lack of formal referral pathways.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Baiyang Zhang, Xin Lv, Mutian Qiao, Danping Liu
Summary: Depression is a common psychiatric disorder among family caregivers of persons with severe mental illness, with social support and loneliness playing important roles in influencing depression. Social support has a positive effect on reducing depression by decreasing loneliness.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Substance Abuse
Panagiotis Spanakis, Emily Peckham, Ben Young, Paul Heron, Della Bailey, Simon Gilbody
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of behavioral smoking cessation interventions in adults with severe mental ill health, finding that face-to-face bespoke interventions were more effective compared to usual care.
Article
Psychiatry
Nicola Warren, Stuart Leske, Urska Arnautovska, Korinne Northwood, Steve Kisely, Dan Siskind
Summary: The prevalence of frailty is higher in individuals with severe mental illness (SMI) than in the general population. Frailty measures such as frailty index, physical frailty phenotype (PFP), and Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) can help identify those who may benefit from targeted interventions.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Caroline Smartt, Kaleab Ketema, Souci Frissa, Bethlehem Tekola, Rahel Birhane, Tigist Eshetu, Medhin Selamu, Martin Prince, Abebaw Fekadu, Charlotte Hanlon
Summary: Homelessness among people with severe mental illness in rural Ethiopia is influenced by complex health and social needs. Pathways into homelessness include family conflict, worsening mental health, substance use, escape, financial problems, and discrimination. Pathways out of homelessness involve health care contact, family and community intervention, and self-initiated return. Effective interventions should focus on increasing family support, access to suitable housing, mental health care, and social support.
Article
Psychiatry
Sukanya Rajan, Lewis W. Paton, Asiful Haidar Chowdhury, Gerardo A. Zavala, Faiza Aslam, Rumana Huque, Humaira Khalid, Pratima Murthy, Asad T. Nizami, Krishna Prasad Muliyala, David Shiers, Najma Siddiqi, Jan R. Boehnke
Summary: This study examines the knowledge and practices of people with severe mental illnesses (SMIs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings suggest that mass media is the major source of information for SMIs, and concerns about finances, employment, and physical health are frequently mentioned. Overall, participants reported good knowledge and adherence to preventive measures. Gender and health-related quality of life were found to be associated with knowledge and practices.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Stephen Shannon, Mark Shevlin, Noel Brick, Gavin Breslin
Summary: This study examined the associations between frequency, intensity, and duration of muscle-strengthening activities and anxiety, depression, and mental well-being. The results showed that engaging in muscle-strengthening activities for three or more days was associated with fewer symptoms of anxiety and depression. Higher intensity of activities was also associated with lower levels of anxiety and depression. However, adherence to the muscle-strengthening guidelines and the duration of activities did not significantly predict mental health outcomes.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Elizabeth C. Oelsner, Pallavi P. Balte, Patricia A. Cassano, David Couper, Paul L. Enright, Aaron R. Folsom, John Hankinson, David R. Jacobs, Ravi Kalhan, Robert Kaplan, Richard Kronmal, Leslie Lange, Laura R. Loehr, Stephanie J. London, Ana Navas Acien, Anne B. Newman, George T. O'Connor, Joseph E. Schwartz, Lewis J. Smith, Fawn Yeh, Yiyi Zhang, Andrew E. Moran, Stanford Mwasongwe, Wendy B. White, Sachin Yende, R. Graham Barr
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ashley M. Goodwin, Andrea T. Duran, Ian M. Kronish, Nathalie Moise, Gabriel J. Sanchez, Carol Ewing Garber, Joseph E. Schwartz, Keith M. Diaz
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Alan Rozet, Ian M. Kronish, Joseph E. Schwartz, Karina W. Davidson
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2019)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Kenji Matsumoto, Zhezhen Jin, Shunichi Homma, Mitchell S. V. Elkind, Joseph E. Schwartz, Tatjana Rundek, Carlo Mannina, Kazato Ito, Ralph L. Sacco, Marco R. Di Tullio
Summary: In this study, office systolic blood pressure showed weak association with stroke, central blood pressure was not significantly associated with stroke, but all ambulatory blood pressure variables (systolic and diastolic) were significantly linked to stroke. Additionally, ambulatory diastolic blood pressure was found to be a stronger predictor of stroke compared to ambulatory systolic blood pressure.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Yiyi Zhang, Joseph E. Schwartz, Byron C. Jaeger, Jaejin An, Brandon K. Bellows, Donald Clark, Aisha T. Langford, Jolaade Kalinowski, Olugbenga Ogedegbe, John Jeffrey Carr, James G. Terry, Yuan-I. Min, Kristi Reynolds, Daichi Shimbo, Andrew E. Moran, Paul Muntner
Summary: The study suggests that higher diastolic BP and asleep SBP may be risk factors for subclinical atherosclerosis, highlighting the potential role of ambulatory BP monitoring in identifying individuals at high risk for coronary artery disease.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Talea Cornelius, Andrea T. Duran, Franchesca Diaz, Sean Bramley, Kaitlin Shaw, Joseph E. Schwartz, Donald Edmondson, Ari Shechter, Marwah Abdalla
Summary: The study found that concerns about transmitting COVID-19 to loved ones and maintaining social distance from loved ones were associated with psychological distress among healthcare workers. Living with others was shown to lower the risk of depression and anxiety.
FAMILIES SYSTEMS & HEALTH
(2021)
Letter
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Kelsey B. Bryant, Matthew B. Green, Daichi Shimbo, Joseph E. Schwartz, Ian M. Kronish, Yiyi Zhang, James P. Sheppard, Richard J. McManus, Andrew E. Moran, Brandon K. Bellows
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Swati Sakhuja, Byron C. Jaeger, Oluwasegun P. Akinyelure, Adam P. Bress, Daichi Shimbo, Joseph E. Schwartz, Shakia T. Hardy, George Howard, Paul Drawz, Paul Muntner
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of measuring systolic and diastolic blood pressure with systematic bias and/or random error on the classification of high blood pressure in US adults. The study found that this measurement method may result in a significant proportion of misclassification of high blood pressure in US adults.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPERTENSION
(2022)
Letter
Psychology, Developmental
Gabrielle A. Carlson, Lauren Spring, Joseph E. Schwartz
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Paul Muntner, Miriam A. Miles, Byron C. Jaeger, Lonnie Hannon, Shakia T. Hardy, Yechiam Ostchega, Gregory Wozniak, Joseph E. Schwartz
Summary: According to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, the proportion of US adults with hypertension that have controlled blood pressure has declined. This decline is particularly significant among older adults, women, and non-Hispanic black adults.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Patrick Hilden, Joseph E. Schwartz, Christian Pascual, Keith M. Diaz, Jeff Goldsmith
Summary: This study aims to determine the number of valid observation days needed to obtain reliable measurements of habitual physical activity levels. With a resampling-based approach, the research found that 6 or more valid days are needed for reliable measurements of light physical activity, while 8 and 10 valid days are required for sedentary time and moderate/vigorous activity, respectively.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Kristie M. Harris, Allison E. Gaffey, Joseph E. Schwartz, David S. Krantz, Matthew M. Burg
Summary: This study examined the stability and variability of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) using data from two independent samples. The results showed that between-person variance accounted for a large proportion of the total variance in PSS scores, indicating that the PSS may primarily measure a stable perception of stress. However, within-person variance was also observed. These findings suggest that the PSS may have a more stable characteristic in assessing individuals' perception of stress.
ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Corinne Meinhausen, Gabriel J. Sanchez, Donald Edmondson, Ian M. Kronish, Joseph E. Schwartz, Rebecca Hinrichs, Tanja Jovanovic, Jennifer A. Sumner
Summary: This study explores a potential biomarker of PTSD risk, skin conductance (SC) measurement, in a medical trauma population. It found a significant positive association between SC reactivity to recalling the traumatic event and fear-related symptoms of PTSD at 1-month follow-up. These findings suggest that mobile SC reactivity measures may be useful for identifying individuals at risk for fear-related PTSD symptoms following a medical event and shed light on the potential mechanisms involved in their development.
DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Siqin Ye, D. Edmund Anstey, Anne Grauer, Gil Metser, Nathalie Moise, Joseph Schwartz, Ian Kronish, Marwah Abdalla
Summary: This study examines the association between telemedicine visits and blood pressure control quality measure. The results indicate that increased telemedicine visit use is associated with poor blood pressure control. However, telemedicine visit use may not negatively impact blood pressure control when blood pressure is recorded.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Elizabeth Brondolo, Pegah Eftekharzadeh, Christine Clifton, Joseph E. Schwartz, Douglas Delahanty
PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA-THEORY RESEARCH PRACTICE AND POLICY
(2018)