Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Quynh Thi Vu Huynh, Minh Thi Tuyet Trinh, Khang Kim Doan, Ban Tran Ho, Szu-Chuan Shen, Tung Huu Trinh, Thanh Hoa Vo, Nguyen Quoc Khanh Le, Ngan Thi Kim Nguyen
Summary: Asian children in Vietnam are being diagnosed with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and the presence of islet autoantibodies makes the diagnosis more complicated. A study found that the prevalence of islet cell autoantibodies (ICAs) and glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 autoantibodies (GADAs) in children with type 1 diabetes was not significantly different from those with type 2 diabetes. Older children with type 1 diabetes were more likely to have ICAs or ICAs and GADAs, while a small proportion of young children had GADAs. However, a significant number of older children with type 2 diabetes were positive for GADAs, and all of them were classified as overweight or obese. The study suggests that further investigation is needed to find better biomarkers or an appropriate time to confirm diabetes type.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomislav Bulum, Marijana Vucic Lovrencic, Jadranka Knezevic Cuca, Martina Tomic, Sandra Vuckovic-Rebrina, Lea Duvnjak
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between three autoantibodies and their combination with anthropometric and metabolic components and microvascular complications in patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). The results showed that ZnT8 and IA-2 autoantibodies were present in a significant number of LADA patients and associated with clinical and metabolic characteristics resembling classic type 1 diabetes.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Annika Lundstig, Sharia L. McDonald, Marlena Maziarz, William C. Weldon, Fariba Vaziri-Sani, Ake Lernmark, Anna-Lena Nilsson
Summary: The study found that 61% of type 1 diabetes patients in Jamtland county, Sweden tested positive for NLVA, compared to 44% in the control group. Additionally, NLVA titres were associated with GADA autoantibodies. The NLVA assay could be useful for further investigations into LV antibodies levels and its potential role in autoimmune type 1 diabetes.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Elin Pettersen Sorgjerd, Robin Mjelle, Vidar Beisvag, Arnar Flatberg, Valdemar Grill, Bjorn O. Asvold
Summary: There are differences in the expression of circulating sRNAs between patients with autoimmune and non-autoimmune diabetes, as well as non-diabetic controls.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Angus G. Jones, Timothy J. McDonald, Beverley M. Shields, William Hagopian, Andrew T. Hattersley
Summary: LADA, diagnosed after age 35, presents clinical features similar to type 2 diabetes but with type 1 diabetes-associated islet autoantibodies. The current definition of LADA identifies a group with features intermediate between typical type 1 and type 2 diabetes, leading to difficulties in classification. Improved approaches are needed to increase test specificity and better understand the detailed pathophysiological components of late-onset autoimmune diabetes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Barbara Brooks-Worrell, Christiane S. Hampe, Erica G. Hattery, Brenda Palomino, Sahar Z. Zangeneh, Kristina Utzschneider, Steven E. Kahn, Mary E. Larkin, Mary L. Johnson, Kieren J. Mather, Naji Younes, Neda Rasouli, Cyrus Desouza, Robert M. Cohen, Jean Y. Park, Hermes J. Florez, Willy Marcos Valencia, Ali Shojaie, Jerry P. Palmer, Ashok Balasubramanyam
Summary: The prevalence of islet autoimmunity in patients with type 2 diabetes is higher than previously reported. T-cell-mediated autoimmunity is associated with reduced beta-cell function and poorer glycemic control.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marie Madlener, Christine Strippel, Franziska S. Thaler, Kathrin Doppler, Klaus P. Wandinger, Jan Lewerenz, Marius Ringelstein, Rosa Roessling, Til Menge, Jonathan Wickel, Christoph Kellingshaus, Sigrid Mues, Andrea Kraft, Andreas Linsa, Simone C. Tauber, Florian Then Berg, Stefan T. Gerner, Asterios Paliantonis, Alexander Finke, Josef Priller, Ingo Schirotzek, Marie Suesse, Kurt W. Suehs, Christian Urbanek, Makbule Senel, Claudia Sommer, Tania Kuempfel, Harald Pruess, Gereon R. Fink, Frank Leypoldt, Nico Melzer, Michael P. Malter
Summary: This study investigated 101 patients with suspected autoimmune neurological syndromes (AINS) associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies. The results showed that immunotherapy had moderate effectiveness in these patients, and serum GAD antibody levels and intrathecal GAD antibody synthesis did not predict clinical characteristics or treatment outcomes.
JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pilar Vich-Perez, Juan Carlos Abanades-Herranz, Gustavo Mora-Navarro, Angela Maria Carrasco-Sayalero, Miguel Angel Salinero-Fort, Ignacio Sevilla-Machuca, Mar Sanz-Pascual, Cristina Alvarez Hernandez-Canizares, Carmen De Burgos-Lunar
Summary: This study aims to develop and validate a clinical score for identifying adult patients at high risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) in primary healthcare. The study variables will be obtained through clinical interviews, physical examinations, and electronic medical records. The study will provide an effective method for identifying patients at increased risk of LADA.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Estefania Conde-Blanco, Saul Pascual-Diaz, Mar Carreno, Emma Munoz-Moreno, Jose Carlos Pariente, Teresa Boget, Isabel Manzanares, Antonio Donaire, Maria Centeno, Francesc Graus, Nuria Bargallo
Summary: The study found that patients with high levels of anti-GAD65 did not show significant changes in hippocampal volume and shape, while non-immune TLE patients had significantly smaller volumes. The duration of epilepsy in anti-GAD65 patients was negatively correlated with volumes in multiple hippocampal subfields. Additionally, shape changes were observed in the anterior hippocampus of the left GAD-TLE patients, while bilateral posterior hippocampal deformation was seen in left niTLE patients.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Pei-Shin Gu, Kuan-Wen Su, Kuo-Wei Yeh, Jing-Long Huang, Fu-Sung Lo, Chih-Yung Chiu
Summary: This study used metabolomics-based approaches to investigate the molecular mechanisms of childhood hypercholesterolemia and identified metabolites significantly associated with different cholesterol levels. Glutamic acid and tyrosine were identified as crucial amino acids in lipid metabolism, with glutamic acid-related amino acid metabolism playing a significant role in regulating cholesterol levels.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tillman Kaaden, Marie Madlener, Klemens Angstwurm, Christian G. Bien, Yuri Bogarin, Kathrin Doppler, Alexander Finke, Stefan T. Gerner, Gernot Reimann, Martin Haeusler, Robert Handreka, Kerstin Hellwig, Max Kaufmann, Christoph Kellinghaus, Peter Koertvelyessy, Andrea Kraft, Jan Lewerenz, Til Menge, Asterios Paliantonis, Felix von Podewils, Harald Pruess, Sebastian Rauer, Marius Ringelstein, Kevin Rostasy, Ingo Schirotzek, Julia Schwabe, Piotr Sokolowski, Marie Suesse, Kurt-Wolfram Suehs, Rainer Surges, Simone C. Tauber, Franziska Thaler, Florian Then Bergh, Christian Urbanek, Klaus-P Wandinger, Brigitte Wildemann, Sigrid Mues, Uwe Zettl, Frank Leypoldt, Nico Melzer, Christian Geis, Michael Malter, Albrecht Kunze
Summary: Seizures are a common and diagnostically relevant symptom in patients with antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis (ab + AE). Patients with different antibody types demonstrate different seizure characteristics, and the frequency and severity of seizures are associated with N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibody-associated encephalitis (NMDAR + AE).
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nicholas H. H. Chia, Andrew McKeon, Marinos C. C. Dalakas, Eoin P. P. Flanagan, James H. H. Bower, Bryan T. T. Klassen, Divyanshu Dubey, Nicholas L. L. Zalewski, Dustin Duffy, Sean J. J. Pittock, Anastasia Zekeridou
Summary: This retrospective study identified 173 patients referred for diagnosis or suspicion of stiff person spectrum disorder (SPSD). 48 patients were diagnosed with SPSD, while 125 patients were diagnosed with non-SPSD. SPSD patients commonly exhibit specific clinical symptoms and signs, as well as more frequent immunological and electrophysiological abnormalities. Misdiagnosis is more common than confirmed SPSD, but it can be reduced through clinical and ancillary testing.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Claudio Tiberti, Luca D'Onofrio, Francesca Panimolle, Simona Zampetti, Ernesto Maddaloni, Raffaella Buzzetti
Summary: This study aims to compare the immune response to IA-2 in LADA patients and NGT obese individuals. The results show a higher frequency of intra-cellular immune reactivity to IA-2 in LADA patients, which is associated with lower BMI, higher cholesterol levels, and increased prevalence of other autoimmune disorders. In contrast, intra-cellular immune reactivity to IA-2 is not detected in NGT obese individuals.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Feliciana Real-Fernandez, Alessandra Gallo, Francesca Nuti, Lorenzo Altamore, Gloria Giovanna Del Vescovo, Pietro Traldi, Eugenio Ragazzi, Paolo Rovero, Annunziata Lapolla, Anna Maria Papini
Summary: The study investigated the use of antibodies against human glutamic acid decarboxylase (hGAD) peptides for diagnosing latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), showing high diagnostic predictive power of IgM antibodies in LADA. Results highlighted the utility of peptides as diagnostic antigens in T1DM and LADA, and emphasized the importance of comparing IgM and IgG-subtype antibodies in the same population.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sian Louise Grace, Jack Bowden, Helen C. Walkey, Akaal Kaur, Shivani Misra, Beverley M. Shields, Trevelyan J. McKinley, Nick S. Oliver, Timothy McDonald, Desmond G. Johnston, Angus G. Jones, Kashyap A. Patel
Summary: This study aimed to assess the association between glutamate decarboxylase (GADA), islet antigen-2 (IA-2A), and zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8A) autoantibody levels with clinical and genetic characteristics at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1D).
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
Johnny Ludvigsson
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Daniele Pacaud, Anita M. Nucci, David Cuthbertson, Dorothy J. Becker, Suvi M. Virtanen, Johnny Ludvigsson, Jorma Ilonen, Mikael Knip
Summary: In families with a history of type 1 diabetes, children born to affected mothers have a lower risk of developing multiple autoantibodies. Birthweight does not affect the risk, but children with faster height growth in the first two years are more likely to develop multiple autoantibodies.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rosaura Casas, Fabricia Dietrich, Sara Puente-Marin, Hugo Barcenilla, Beatriz Tavira, Jeannette Wahlberg, Peter Achenbach, Johnny Ludvigsson
Summary: This study evaluated the long-term effect of intra-lymphatic administration of GAD-alum in patients with recent-onset type 1 diabetes. The results showed that the efficacy of the treatment decreased after 30 months, but C-peptide levels remained stable. Administration of a fourth booster dose was safe.
ACTA DIABETOLOGICA
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fabricia Dietrich, Hugo Barcenilla, Beatriz Tavira, Jeanette Wahlberg, Peter Achenbach, Johnny Ludvigsson, Rosaura Casas
Summary: Immune responses specific to GAD after lymph node injections of GAD-alum differed from those induced by subcutaneous administration of the same autoantigen 15 months later, showing higher GADA levels, changes in GADA subclasses, increased cytokine secretion, and reduced cell proliferation and CD8(+) T cells.
DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Emma Hedlund, Johnny Ludvigsson, Helena Elding Larsson, Gun Forsander, Sten Ivarsson, Claude Marcus, Ulf Samuelsson, Martina Persson, Annelie Carlsson
Summary: This study used population-based data in Sweden to investigate the association between month of birth and incidence of type 1 diabetes. The results showed that there was no significant correlation between month of birth and the risk of type 1 diabetes in the entire cohort. However, boys diagnosed before the age of 5 were more likely to be born in May.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Christoph Nowak, Ulf Hannelius, Johnny Ludvigsson
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ashild Faresjo, Julia Preinbergs, Mike Jones, Andrea Lebena, Elvar Theodorsson, Tomas Faresjo
Summary: This study investigates the potential role of testosterone in the risk for myocardial infarction. The findings suggest that decreased testosterone levels may precede the occurrence of an acute myocardial infarction, particularly one month before the event, in middle-aged men and women.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Olga Kordonouri, David Cuthbertson, Malin Belteky, Barbel Aschemeier-Fuchs, Neil H. White, Elisabeth Cummings, Mikael Knip, Johnny Ludvigsson
Summary: Viral infections early in life may initiate the autoimmune process or later development of type 1 diabetes, while certain bacterial infections appeared to increase the risk of both multiple autoantibodies and clinical type 1 diabetes.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Johnny Ludvigsson, Linnea Eriksson, Christoph Nowak, Pedro F. Teixeira, Martina Widman, Anton Lindqvist, Rosaura Casas, Marcus Lind, Ulf Hannelius
Summary: This study aims to determine whether intralymphatic administration of rhGAD65 can preserve insulin secretion and improve glycaemic control in individuals recently diagnosed with T1D carrying the HLA DR3-DQ2 haplotype. The study will evaluate the treatment effect through measurements of C-peptide levels and haemoglobin A1c.
Article
Pediatrics
Ban Danial, Tomas Faresjo, Mats Fredriksson, Johnny Ludvigsson
Summary: This research aimed to identify factors influencing early childhood sleep and explore the relationship between sleep and childhood overweight/obesity. Data was collected through parental-completed questionnaires from 10,840 one-year-old children in a longitudinal study conducted in Southeast Sweden. The findings showed that children with parents born in Sweden, higher parental education, non-single parents, non-smoking mothers during pregnancy, and fewer siblings were more likely to have appropriate sleep habits at age 1. Shorter sleep duration was associated with a greater number of awakenings, nocturnal feeds, and later bedtime. Moreover, shorter sleep duration in early life was negatively related to BMI Z-scores, indicating an increased risk of overweight and obesity in children. Other factors such as higher birth weight, small size for gestational age, unhealthy food habits, maternal smoking during pregnancy, and higher parental BMI were also associated with higher BMI Z-scores.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jon Edqvist, Christina Lundberg, Karin Andreasson, Lena Bjorck, Pigi Dikaiou, Johnny Ludvigsson, Marcus Lind, Martin Adiels, Annika Rosengren
Summary: Type 2 diabetes is a risk factor for hospitalization and death in COVID-19 infection, while the effect of type 1 diabetes is less significant. Machine learning models were used to identify predictors of outcomes among COVID-19-positive individuals with diabetes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Malin Belteky, Patricia L. Milletich, Angelica P. Ahrens, Eric W. Triplett, Johnny Ludvigsson
Summary: This study identified gut microbial biomarkers in 1-year-old infants that are associated with the development of type 1 diabetes up to 20 years before diagnosis. The presence of these biomarkers suggests the potential for early prevention of the disease by promoting a healthy gut microbiome.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tuulia Hyotylainen, Bagavathy Shanmugam Karthikeyan, Tannaz Ghaffarzadegan, Eric W. Triplett, Matej Oresic, Johnny Ludvigsson
Summary: This study investigated metabolic profiles in cord serum of infants who later developed immune-mediated diseases, and found elevated levels of triacylglycerols and altered gut microbiota related metabolites, especially in infants who later developed hypothyroidism. The similarities in metabolic profiles across autoimmune diseases imply common metabolic phenotypes at birth that differentiate them from healthy controls.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ingrid K. Hals, Chandima Balasuriya, Rosaura Casas, Johnny Ludvigsson, Anneli Bjorklund, Valdemar Grill
Summary: This study aimed to test the effects of autoantigen-specific immunotherapy by intralymphatic administration of GAD-alum on LADA patients, specifically looking at the safety, immunological response and beta-cell function. The results showed that the treatment was safe and had a strong immunological impact, and it was found to protect beta-cell function in HLA-DR3DQ2 LADA patients.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marie Lindgren, Elsa Palmkvist, Fredrik Norstrom, Mara Cerqueiro Bybrant, Anna Myleus, Ulf Samuelsson, Johnny Ludvigsson, Annelie Carlsson
Summary: In Sweden, there was a fourfold increase in the incidence of celiac disease in young children between 1985 and 1996. It was believed that the timing and amount of gluten introduced during infancy could explain this epidemic. A national register study compared the cumulative incidence of type 1 diabetes in two birth cohorts, and found that children born after the epidemic had a higher incidence of type 1 diabetes compared to those born during the epidemic.
ACTA DIABETOLOGICA
(2023)