Article
Infectious Diseases
Holly E. Rawizza, Regina Oladokun, Emeka Ejeliogu, Stephen Oguche, Babatunde O. Ogunbosi, Oche Agbaji, Georgina Odaibo, Godwin Imade, David Olaleye, Lubbe Wiesner, Kristin M. Darin, Prosper Okonkwo, Phyllis J. Kanki, Kimberly K. Scarsi, Helen M. McIlleron
Summary: This study found that daily rifabutin 2.5 mg/kg achieved comparable AUC(0-24) in TB/HIV-coinfected children requiring lopinavir/ritonavir therapy, with favorable HIV and TB treatment outcomes observed. Severe neutropenia was relatively uncommon and improved with ongoing rifabutin therapy.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Mariana Araujo-Pereira, Charlotte Schutz, Beatriz Barreto-Duarte, David Barr, Klauss Villalva-Serra, Caian L. Vinhaes, Amy Ward, Graeme Meintjes, Bruno B. Andrade
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between anemia, systemic inflammatory profile, dissemination of tuberculosis (TB), and death. Through the analysis of 496 HIV patients, it was found that severe anemia is associated with increased systemic inflammation, higher TB dissemination score, and greater risk of death.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
R. Monreal-Robles, J. A. Gonzalez-Gonzalez, J. Sordia-Ramirez, E. Ruiz-Holguin, A. A. Negreros-Osuna, S. de la Rosa-Pacheco, B. Soto-Moncivais, A. Rendon
Summary: This study reported the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, treatment, and outcomes of gastrointestinal TB. The incidence of gastrointestinal TB was low among TB patients, but the mortality rate was high. HIV-positive and non-HIV patients had similar clinical progress, drug susceptibility patterns, and outcomes. The combined variable of hemoglobin and albumin on admission was associated with mortality.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yaxin Wu, Yuening Zhang, Yingying Wang, Jiaqi Wei, Wenjing Wang, Wenshan Duan, Yakun Tian, Meixin Ren, Zhen Li, Wen Wang, Tong Zhang, Hao Wu, Xiaojie Huang
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of second-line anti-TB treatment and determine which drugs can achieve the greatest clinical benefit for DR-TB-HIV patients. The results showed that BDQ and LZD-based regimens, along with the use of at least two Group A drugs, were associated with a higher treatment success rate. Additionally, a higher baseline CD4 T-cell count was also correlated with higher treatment success rates.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Vannesa Yue May Teng, Yan Ting Chua, Eunice En Ni Lai, Shilpa Mukherjee, Jessica Michaels, Chen Seong Wong, Liang Shen, Yee Sin Leo, Barnaby Young, Sophia Archuleta, Catherine W. M. Ong
Summary: The study found that screening for latent TB infection is low among HIV-TB co-infected patients in Singapore, and initiation of ART treatment may be delayed for some patients. It was also noted that pulmonary TB patients with HIV can still be infectious despite showing a normal chest x-ray.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Zhong-Kai Guo, Hai-Feng Huo, Hong Xiang
Summary: This paper studies the co-infection model of human immunodeficiency virus and tuberculosis and proposes optimal control strategies to help achieve the goal of ending tuberculosis. The study also finds that the availability of funds is crucial for tuberculosis control.
JOURNAL OF THE FRANKLIN INSTITUTE-ENGINEERING AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sylvia M. LaCourse, Evans Seko, Rachel Wood, Wilfred Bundi, Gregory S. Ouma, Janet Agaya, Barbra A. Richardson, Grace John-Stewart, Steve Wandiga, Gerard A. Cangelosi
Summary: In this study conducted in Kenya, the diagnostic performance of oral swab analysis (OSA) for tuberculosis (TB) was evaluated. The results showed that the sensitivity of buccal swabs varied depending on the reference standard used, with a sensitivity of 65.0% for sputum Xpert/culture and 76.5% for sputum Xpert alone. The sensitivity of buccal swabs was higher among HIV-infected individuals, but further optimization and evaluation of its utility in different settings are needed.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
A. Tanvi, Rajiv Aggarwal, Yashi A. Raj
Summary: In this article, a novel fractional order model is introduced for HIV-TB co-infection to incorporate the memory effect of both diseases. The analysis of both HIV and TB sub-models shows the stability of disease-free equilibrium points and the existence of endemic equilibrium points. Numerical simulations confirm the role of fractional order in co-infection modeling. Memory effect plays a significant role in reducing infection prevalence and increasing the number of recovered individuals when introduced in the fractional order model.
NONLINEAR DYNAMICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Brittney J. van de Water, Isabel Fulcher, Suretha Cilliers, Nadishani Meyer, Michael Wilson, Catherine Young, Ben Gaunt, Karl le Roux
Summary: This retrospective cohort study conducted in a rural district hospital in Eastern Cape, South Africa, aimed to assess differences in TB treatment outcomes among HIV-negative individuals, HIV-positive individuals on anti-retroviral treatment (ART), and HIV-positive individuals not on ART. The study found that individuals without HIV had a significantly higher likelihood of successful TB treatment outcomes compared to those with untreated HIV.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Carlos Andres Agudelo, Maria Fernanda Alvarez, Alicia Hidron, Juan Pablo Villa, Lina Maria Echeverri-Toro, Adriana Ocampo, Glenys Patricia Porras, Ivan Mauricio Trompa, Laura Restrepo, Alejandro Eusse, Carlos Andres Restrepo
Summary: A study conducted in six hospitals in Medellin, Colombia, showed a low hospital mortality rate among HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis. However, many patients were diagnosed with HIV upon admission but were not receiving antiretroviral therapy or had not undergone tuberculosis skin tests.
TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Desalegn Addise Getahun, Laura E. Layland, Achim Hoerauf, Biniam Wondale
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of GeneXpert on diagnosis and anti-TB treatment outcomes in the capital city of Ethiopia. The results showed that the use of GeneXpert significantly improved the detection rate and treatment success rate of tuberculosis.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Godwin Anguzu, Amanda J. Gupta, Emmanuel Ochom, Ashley S. Tseng, Meixin Zhang, Ruanne V. Barnabas, Abraham D. Flaxman, Achilles Katamba, J. Lucian Davis, Jennifer M. Ross
Summary: This study compared the proportions of HIV serodifferent couples in TB-affected households and in the general population of Kampala, Uganda. The results showed that the proportion of HIV serodifferent couples was higher in TB-affected households than in the general population. This suggests that TB household contact investigation can be an effective strategy for identifying HIV at-risk individuals and linking them to prevention services.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
S. F. Weber, L. C. Ruby, T. Heller, M. Hande, B. A. Shastry, R. Acharya, R. Bhat, S. Shankar, M. Prabhu, A. K. Mohapatra, R. Magazine, R. Kadavigere, C. M. Denkinger, S. Gehring, S. Belard, K. Saravu
Summary: Through a prospective cohort study using point-of-care ultrasound in Indian patients with presumed TB, refined case definitions showed high proportions of EPTB even without HIV or DM. HIV altered the TB disease pattern towards EPTB and DM towards PTB, indicating that the dichotomy between PTB or EPTB does not fully represent the spectrum of TB disease. EPTB should receive higher priority in research and clinical practice.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chandre Liebenberg, Laneke Luies, Aurelia A. Williams
Summary: The HIV/AIDS and TB pandemics are perpetuated by a substantial global burden of HIV/TB co-infection, with immunological deterioration and metabolic mechanisms playing important roles in their synergy during co-infection. Metabolomics as a tool for studying HIV/TB co-infection offers insights into infection- and treatment-induced metabolic adaptations, but further research is needed to fully understand this complex interaction.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Alexis Hoerter, Eusondia Arnett, Larry S. Schlesinger, Elsje Pienaar
Summary: Coinfection with HIV and tuberculosis increases the risk of active tuberculosis and is the leading cause of death in HIV positive individuals. Tuberculosis granulomas, the sites of host-pathogen interactions, play a crucial role in understanding and treating coinfection. Coupling computational modeling with in vitro and in vivo experiments can accelerate discoveries in Mtb-HIV coinfection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Gizat Almaw, Getnet Abie Mekonnen, Adane Mihret, Abraham Aseffa, Hawult Taye, Andrew J. K. Conlan, Balako Gumi, Aboma Zewude, Abde Aliy, Mekdes Tamiru, Abebe Olani, Matios Lakew, Melaku Sombo, Solomon Gebre, Colette Diguimbaye, Markus Hilty, Adama Fane, Borna Muller, R. Glyn Hewinson, Richard J. Ellis, Javier Nunez-Garcia, Eleftheria Palkopoulou, Tamrat Abebe, Gobena Ameni, Julian Parkhill, James L. N. Wood, Stefan Berg, Andries J. van Tonder
Summary: The study using whole-genome sequencing examined the population structure of M. bovis in Ethiopia and found that the disease is mainly dominated by the clonal complexes African 2 (Af2) and European 3 (Eu3). Variability within hosts and evidence for both short- and long-distance transmission were observed. Detailed analysis revealed two distinct introductions of the Eu3 clonal complex into Ethiopia between 1950 and 1987, likely from Europe. This research is important for understanding bTB transmission in cattle in Ethiopia and may inform national strategies for bTB control.
MICROBIAL GENOMICS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tilaye Teklewold Deneke, Adam Bekele, Henrietta L. Moore, Tadele Mamo, Gizat Almaw, Getnet Abie Mekonnen, Adane Mihret, Rea Tschopp, Likawent Yeheyis, Catherine Hodge, James L. N. Wood, Stefan Berg, Abraham Aseffa, Abraham Aseffa, Adane Mihret, Bamlak Tessema, Bizuneh Belachew, Eshcolewyene Fekadu, Fantanesh Melese, Gizachew Gemechu, Hawult Taye, Rea Tschopp, Shewit Haile, Sosina Ayalew, Tsegaye Hailu, Rea Tschopp, Adam Bekele, Chilot Yirga, Mulualem Ambaw, Tadele Mamo, Tesfaye Solomon, Tilaye Teklewold, Solomon Gebre, Getachew Gari, Mesfin Sahle, Abde Aliy, Abebe Olani, Asegedech Sirak, Gizat Almaw, Getnet Mekonnen, Mekdes Tamiru, Sintayehu Guta, James Wood, Andrew Conlan, Alan Clarke, Henrietta L. Moore, Catherine Hodge, Constance Smith, R. Glyn Hewinson, Stefan Berg, Martin Vordermeier, Javier Nunez-Garcia, Gobena Ameni, Berecha Bayissa, Aboma Zewude, Adane Worku, Lemma Terfassa, Mahlet Chanyalew, Temesgen Mohammed, Miserach Zeleke
Summary: The study found that about 20% of the population consumed raw milk, with low awareness about pasteurisation and its benefits. Approximately 60% of respondents were at risk of zoonotic diseases through frequent consumption of raw meat.
Article
Microbiology
Oskar Olsson, Fregenet Tesfaye, Rolf Sokilde, Jolanta Mazurek, Markos Abebe, Habtamu Yeba, Abraham Aseffa, Sten Skogmar, Taye Tolera Balcha, Carlos Rovira, Per Bjorkman, Marianne Jansson
Summary: HIV infection affects the progression of tuberculosis, and HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis synergize in disease progression through complex immunological interplay. This study found that miRNA expression is influenced by HIV coinfection in active TB, while snoRNA expression is altered independently of HIV coinfection status.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Tsegaye Sewunet, Daniel Asrat, Yimtubezinash Woldeamanuel, Sofia Ny, Fredrik Westerlund, Abraham Aseffa, Christian G. Giske
Summary: This study investigated the genome-based epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) at a tertiary hospital in Jimma, Ethiopia. The study found a high prevalence of ESBL-EC, with dissemination through multiple high-risk E. coli clones.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Melese Hailu Legese, Daniel Asrat, Abraham Aseffa, Badrul Hasan, Adane Mihret, Gote Swedberg
Summary: This study aimed to characterize ESBL and AmpC producing Enterobacteriaceae from sepsis patients. The results showed high genotypic frequencies of ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae, with Hawassa having the highest detection rate. Several variants of ESBL and AmpC genes were detected.
Review
Ethics
Yemisrach Zewdie Seralegne, Cynthia Khamala Wangamati, Rosemarie D. L. C. Bernabe, Bobbie Farsides, Abraham Aseffa, Martha Zewdie
Summary: This study explores the composition of Institutional Review Boards (IRBs), training, and challenges faced in the ethics review processes by research institutions and universities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The findings indicate that while most IRB members have received training on research ethics and good clinical practice, they perceive the training to be basic. IRB members face challenges such as the need for rapid review, time pressure, non-compliance with checklists by investigators, limited expertise in reviewing certain types of research, lack of resources, and the absence of a standardized review system.
DEVELOPING WORLD BIOETHICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Meron Talu, Asmerom Seyoum, Berhanu Yitayew, Adane Mihret, Abraham Aseffa, Jana Jass, Gezahegne Mamo, Per-Erik Olsson
Summary: Pollution of the aquatic environment is a global problem, and it is difficult to assess due to the complex nature of sublethal effects caused by pollutants. This study used gene expression analysis to determine the effects of contaminants in the Akaki river, and found that exposure to the river water altered the expression of genes involved in various biological pathways.
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Berhanu Yitayew, Yimtubezinash Woldeamanuel, Daniel Asrat, Aminur Rahman, Adane Mihret, Abraham Aseffa, Per-Erik Olsson, Jana Jass
Summary: This study investigates the distribution of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in the sediments and water of the Akaki river in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Most ARGs were found in urban areas close to anthropogenic activities, suggesting that water phase may be a more important conduit for the spread of ARGs than sediments.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Berhanu Yitayew, Yimtubezinash Woldeamanuel, Daniel Asrat, Abraham Aseffa, Per-Erik Olsson, Adane Mihret, Jana Jass
Summary: This study investigated carbapenemase-mediated resistance among Aeromonas isolates from the Akaki river in Ethiopia. The majority of isolates showed resistance to carbapenems and cephalosporins. Resistance to carbapenem antibiotics varied between species and some isolates were found to produce carbapenemase.
JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tewachew Awoke, Brhanu Teka, Abraham Aseffa, Shemse Sebre, Aminu Seman, Biruk Yeshitela, Tamrat Abebe, Adane Mihret
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae in Ethiopia and found the emergence of bla(NDM) and bla(KPC) gene-carrying strains for the first time. The prevalence was worrisome and associated with previous use of carbapenem drugs.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Aminu Seman, Adane Mihret, Shemse Sebre, Tewachew Awoke, Biruk Yeshitela, Berhanu Yitayew, Abraham Aseffa, Daniel Asrat, Tamrat Abebe
Summary: This study reveals a high rate of ESBL and carbapenemase production among Enterobacteriaceae causing bloodstream infections in Ethiopia. Most of the isolates carry multiple types of ESBL genes. These findings are important for understanding and controlling the spread of drug-resistant strains.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yayehyirad Tassachew, Tamrat Abebe, Yeshambel Belyhun, Tezazu Teffera, Abate Bane Shewaye, Hailemichael Desalegn, Henok Andualem, Abiy Kinfu, Andargachew Mulu, Adane Mihret, Rawleigh Howe, Abraham Aseffa
Summary: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HIV and its co-infection with HBV and HCV among chronic liver disease (CLD) patients in Ethiopia. The results showed that the frequency of HIV and its co-infection with HBV increased with the severity of liver disease. Therefore, screening HIV-positive patients for HBV and HCV infection, as well as screening CLD patients for HIV infection and taking preventive measures, would be essential in preventing the progression of CLD and death related to liver disease in people living with HIV.
HEPATIC MEDICINE-EVIDENCE AND RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Melese Hailu Legese, Daniel Asrat, Adane Mihret, Badrul Hasan, Amaha Mekasha, Abraham Aseffa, Gote Swedberg
Summary: This multicenter study conducted in Ethiopia focused on the global health threat of sepsis caused by carbapenemase-producing and colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. The study used blood culture and genome sequencing to identify and analyze the isolates, detecting multiple resistance genes and variants. The spread of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in all hospitals is a worrying concern.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Melese Hailu Legese, Daniel Asrat, Gote Swedberg, Badrul Hasan, Amha Mekasha, Tadesse Getahun, Misganaw Worku, Eminet Tesfaye Shimber, Seid Getahun, Tsedale Ayalew, Birhan Gizachew, Abraham Aseffa, Adane Mihret
Summary: This study investigated sepsis cases in four hospitals in Ethiopia and analyzed the causative bacteria and drug resistance. The results showed a high frequency of multidrug resistant bacteria, with significant variations between different hospitals.
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND INFECTION CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Abdella Gemechu, Adane Mihret, Fekadu Alemu Atire, Abraham Aseffa, Rawleigh Howe, Berhanu Seyoum, Andargachew Mulu
Summary: This study aimed to identify baseline factors associated with virological non-suppression in Ethiopia. The study included newly diagnosed people living with HIV and collected data using a questionnaire and a checklist. The findings showed that age ≥30 years, a history of substance use, and a viral load greater than 4-log10 copies/mL were baseline predictors of virological non-suppression. The study recommended targeted interventions, baseline viral load testing, and efforts to achieve the UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets.
TROPICAL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2023)