Article
Environmental Sciences
C. Heredia, S. Guedron, D. Point, V Perrot, S. Campillo, C. Verin, M. E. Espinoza, P. Fernandez, C. Duwig, D. Acha
Summary: Cultural eutrophication is a major cause of water quality degradation worldwide. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes are simple and integrative tools for evaluating the degree of eutrophication in anthropogenically impacted aquatic ecosystems. The study found that carbon isotopes increased and nitrogen isotopes decreased with distance from the wastewater source in macrophytes and suspended particulate matter. The distribution of aquatic plants on the slope was influenced by both anthropogenic discharges and carbon uptake pathway. A binary mixing model allowed the assessment of anthropogenically derived carbon and nitrogen incorporation in macrophytes. Eutrophication was naturally attenuated within 6 to 8 km from the wastewater source.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ulle Aguraiuja-Latti, Mari Torv, Kerry L. Sayle, Lembi Lougas, Eve Rannamae, Freydis Ehrlich, Sander Nuut, Taavi Peeters, Ester Oras, Aivar Kriiska
Summary: This study establishes baselines for the dietary practices of past populations in the Eastern Baltic region using multi-isotopic analysis. The results show clear differences in carbon and sulfur isotopic values between marine and terrestrial species, while freshwater fish display overlaps with both ranges. Herbivores show variation in isotopic values based on region. This study provides valuable temporal and geographical references for studying local ecologies and interpreting human data.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Micha Horacek, Wolfgang Papesch
Summary: The isotope composition of vegetables may change after harvest during storage, which needs to be taken into account when investigating (commercial) samples collected in a market.
FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Soil Science
Simona A. Balan, Hannah Welsh, Ronald Amundson
Summary: This study investigated the changes in soil profiles along a chronosequence on the central California coast, and found that the total carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur in these soils did not vary strongly with age compared to chronosequences in more humid locations. The total nitrogen and sulfur in the soils could not be solely explained by wet deposition of nitrate and sulfate, suggesting other sources of atmospheric inputs. The content of carbon and nitrogen declined with depth in a characteristic logarithmic pattern, while sulfur did not. The ratio of soil nitrate to total nitrogen decreased with depth, indicating strong biological demand, while the ratio of extractable sulfate to total sulfur increased with depth, suggesting biological excess. The findings suggest that despite chemical weathering and elemental loss, the biogeochemical cycles of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur remain relatively unaffected by soil age in this climatic setting.
Article
Oceanography
Emma A. A. Versteegh, Cindy L. Van Dover, Loic Van Audenhaege, Max Coleman
Summary: Alvinocaridid shrimp occur in dense assemblages near venting orifices and have episymbiotic bacteria that rely on vent fluids for nourishment. However, they are also found in sparsely distributed populations in peripheral areas where there is little vent fluid flux. Through gut content and stable isotope analyses, it was found that central populations rely solely on episymbionts, while peripheral populations have diverse nourishment sources including bacteria and crustaceans.
DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Eva E. Stueken, Sebastian Viehmann, Simon V. Hohl
Summary: This study investigates the reliability of proxies for marine and nonmarine environments by analyzing sulfur and nitrogen isotopes and sulfur/carbon ratios in the Miocene Oberpullendorf Basin. The results show that the residence time of isotopes in seawater affects the accuracy of proxies, with nitrogen isotopes being more sensitive than sulfur isotopes. This highlights the importance of considering residence time when using geochemical proxies.
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
R. C. Chaves, C. C. Figueredo, I. G. Boechat, B. Gucker
Summary: Early-stage fish farming has detectable effects on dissolved organic matter (DOM) in tropical reservoirs, with impacts varying depending on previous eutrophication levels. Different branches of the reservoir show changes in DOM characteristics, including an increase in protein-like DOM components.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Sol Porcel, Marilyn L. Fogel, Irina Izaguirre, Ignacio Roesler, Julio L. Lancelotti
Summary: The introduction of rainbow trout in naturally fishless lakes in the reproductive area of the endangered Hooded Grebe has been found to impact the food web structure and carbon source utilization of the aquatic community. The presence of trout leads to an increase in trophic redundancy and changes in the spatial distribution and diet of the Grebe's main prey.
Article
Plant Sciences
Viviana Cavallaro, Moez Maghrebi, Mariachiara Caschetto, Gian Attilio Sacchi, Fabio Francesco Nocito
Summary: The use of S stable isotopes in studying S metabolism in plants is still limited, but this study reveals the potential of S-32/S-34 analysis in characterizing the metabolic and molecular processes involved in plant S nutrition and homeostasis. Fractionation against S-34 occurs during sulfate uptake, and S isotope separations among different S pools and organs are observed as a result of S isotope fractionation and mixing effects during sulfate assimilation and plant S partitioning.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ronald Amundson, Jennifer V. Mills, Laura N. Lammers, Matti Barthel, Nora Gallarotti, Johan Six, Gerhard Gebauer, Greg E. Maurer
Summary: The stable isotopes of nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) in soil and soil-respired N2O are being measured, but there is a lack of theoretical framework to interpret the data. This study uses a diffusion/reaction model to demonstrate how soil processes influence the profiles and fluxes of soil N2O and its isotopes. The results suggest that the isotope composition of soil N2O flux is dependent on the net flux rate and the difference in isotope composition between the atmosphere and the biological source.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Leticia Morgana Mueller, Renato Kipnis, Mariane Pereira Ferreira, Sara Marzo, Bianca Fiedler, Mary Lucas, Jana Ilgner, Hilton P. Silva, Patrick Roberts
Summary: This study analyzes stable isotopes in human and animal remains from the Volta Grande do Rio Xingu region to investigate the diets of pre-Columbian populations in the Amazon Basin. The results indicate that people in different areas and time periods primarily consumed C-3 plants, wild terrestrial fauna, and aquatic resources, with varying levels of integration of C-4 plants. The study also highlights regional adaptations to local watercourses and forest types in the Amazon Basin, based on a comparison with other datasets.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
S. Jin, M. Wang, Y. Zhong, X. Wang, C. Gu, X. Xia, J. Tu
Summary: All-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries (ASSLSBs) with high energy density and safety have gained attention. However, the decomposition of sulfide electrolyte limits their application. In this study, a porous nitrogen-doped carbon skeleton derived from biomass material was designed. The porous design minimizes the adverse effect of sulfur volume change. The introduction of the N-doped carbon skeleton improves the electronic conductivity of the cathode and promotes rapid electron transfer, inhibiting electron aggregation on the electrolyte surface. This enhances cycling stability. The composite cathode achieved an initial discharge capacity of 1145.9 mAh/g and a capacity retention of 88.14% after 100 cycles at 0.1 C.
MATERIALS TODAY SUSTAINABILITY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yu Dong, Xiaoguang Bi, Rubi Wu, Eric J. Belfield, Nicholas P. Harberd, Bent T. Christensen, Mike Charles, Amy Bogaard
Summary: This study evaluates the feasibility of stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis on C-4 millets, showing that stable nitrogen isotope values can be used to identify manuring practices and both carbon and nitrogen isotope values can provide information for palaeodietary reconstruction.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Leiru Chen, Zhengyu Wen, Ruoyong Yin, Pengfei Deng, Yu Gao, Hui Xu, Xiaoniu Xu
Summary: Anthropogenic activities have increased nitrogen deposition and N availability, potentially exacerbating phosphorus deficiency in subtropical forests. The effects of N and N + P additions on SOC turnover in these forests are crucial for understanding the global C cycle. This study aimed to confirm whether N and N + P additions accelerate or slow down SOC turnover in subtropical forests.
Article
Geology
Andrzej Gasiewicz, Piotr Olchowy
Summary: Numerous native sulfur deposits are found in the northern marginal part of the Polish Carpathian Foredeep. However, the lithological zoning of these deposits is inconsistent with the bioepigenetic formation model, leading to an enigmatic genesis. Regional variations in stable isotopes and sedimentological data suggest a shallow freshwater-dominated sedimentary-diagenetic environment that differs from the previous geological model.
ORE GEOLOGY REVIEWS
(2022)