Article
Agronomy
Yunxiao Zhang, Hui Liu, Guijun Yan
Summary: The study assessed seven pairs of NILs targeting four QTL on wheat chromosome arms and found significant differences in PH and other traits among NIL pairs. SNP and candidate gene information can be useful for marker-assisted selection in breeding programs, and the four targeted QTL are crucial genomic regions controlling agronomic traits.
MOLECULAR BREEDING
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Zhouyang Su, Zhi Zheng, Meixue Zhou, Sergey Shabala, Chunji Liu
Summary: Multiple species of Fusarium can infect wheat and barley plants at different stages, causing Fusarium head blight and crown rot. Interestingly, the host genes conferring resistance to these diseases differ in wheat and barley, and plants' susceptibility is influenced by plant height and water availability.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Baojin Guo, Xuemei Jin, Jingchuan Chen, Huiyan Xu, Mingxia Zhang, Xing Lu, Rugang Wu, Yan Zhao, Ying Guo, Yanrong An, Sishen Li
Summary: In this study, a novel PH gene TaDHL-7B in wheat was identified and its role in plant height regulation was confirmed through gene knockout experiments. This is the first time that a non-hormone pathway PH gene has been isolated in wheat, providing new insights into the genetic control of plant height.
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Stephen Pearce
Summary: A study has found a new dwarfing allele, Rht18, which reduces plant height similarly to traditional dwarfing genes but without impacting coleoptile length. This could offer potential for optimizing wheat height according to specific environmental conditions.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Jiamin Hao, Zhangchen Zhao, Nannan Sun, Lei Zhi, Pengfang Qiao, Aduragbemi Amo, Lyudmila Zotova, Yin-Gang Hu, Liang Chen
Summary: In this study, wheat height-reducing genes Rht12 and Rht-B1b were introduced into triticale, resulting in reduced plant height and improved lodging resistance. However, these genes had some negative effects on yield and kernel weight.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jiajing Wang, Bo Hu, Yuliang Jing, Xiping Hu, Yue Guo, Jiankun Chen, Yuxi Liu, Jianhui Hao, Wen-Xia Li, Hailong Ning
Summary: In this research, a high-density genetic linkage map was constructed to identify QTL related to plant height in soybean. A total of 33 QTL were identified, with 5 of them repeatedly detected in multiple environments. Furthermore, multi-locus association analysis detected 62 plant height QTN, with 26 of them repeatedly detected under multiple methods. Pathway analysis and qRT-PCR validation identified two candidate genes involved in plant height regulation. These findings contribute to molecular selection-assisted breeding in soybean.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Celestin Ukozehasi, Eric S. Ober, Howard Griffiths
Summary: The study revealed that Rht genes can improve the Harvest Index of wheat through mechanisms such as low Specific Leaf Area, increased Mean Residence Time of Nitrogen, and increased grain number on spike, providing important information for wheat growth and yield enhancement.
Article
Agronomy
McKenna M. Brown, John M. Martin, Emma M. Jobson, Andrew C. Hogg, Patrick M. Carr, Michael J. Giroux
Summary: This study aimed to increase wheat yield by identifying new allelic combinations or generating useful variations, particularly by altering the Rht gene to impact tiller number and seed traits. By studying durum wheat plants with different Rht alleles, it was found that the Rht-B1b-E529K allele resulted in intermediate plant height and coleoptile length, bridging the gap between standard height and semidwarf varieties. This research highlights the potential of hypomorphic Rht alleles in optimizing wheat height for increased yield in various growing conditions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yongbin Gao, Yuhao Yuan, Xiongying Zhang, Hui Song, Qinghua Yang, Pu Yang, Xiaoli Gao, Jinfeng Gao, Baili Feng
Summary: Foxtail millet plays a crucial role in C4 crop research and agricultural development in arid areas due to its short growth period, drought tolerance, and barren tolerance. Investigating the dwarfing mechanism and dwarf genes of foxtail millet can provide insights for dwarf breeding and research in other C4 crops.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Linyi Qiao, Xiaojun Zhang, Xin Li, Zujun Yang, Rui Li, Juqing Jia, Liuling Yan, Zhijian Chang
Summary: Several key genomic regions and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) influencing wheat plant height and yield were identified, allowing for the optimization of wheat plant height by selecting favorable alleles from these loci.
MOLECULAR BREEDING
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Rui Ren, Wei Liu, Min Yao, Yuan Jia, Luyao Huang, Wenqian Li, Xin He, Mei Guan, Zhongsong Liu, Chunyun Guan, Wei Hua, Xinghua Xiong, Lunwen Qian
Summary: This study identified candidate genes related to plant height in rapeseed through genome-wide association analysis, and further analyzed the relationship between these genes and plant height. The results showed that these genes are interconnected with hormone genes and transcription factors, forming a network regulating the plant height of rapeseed.
MOLECULAR BREEDING
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Huixue Dong, Danping Li, Ruizhen Yang, Lichao Zhang, Yunwei Zhang, Xu Liu, Xiuying Kong, Jiaqiang Sun
Summary: In this study, it was found that GSK3 phosphorylates the Green Revolution protein Rht-B1b, enhancing its ability to inhibit target transcription factor activity and reduce plant height in wheat. The utilization of stabilized DELLAP proteins Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b was crucial for increasing wheat productivity during the Green Revolution, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jae-Ryoung Park, Yoon-Hee Jang, Eun-Gyeong Kim, Sang-Sun Hur, Kyung-Min Kim, Deyong Ren
Summary: In this study, QTLs and candidate genes related to rice plant height regulation were identified, which can provide information and foundation for marker-assisted selection and breeding.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Naveen Malik, Udita Basu, Rishi Srivastava, Anurag Daware, Rajeev Ranjan, Akash Sharma, Virevol Thakro, Jitendra K. Mohanty, Uday Chand Jha, Shailesh Tripathi, Akhilesh K. Tyagi, Swarup K. Parida
Summary: Through a comprehensive research approach, two important genes and their natural alleles/haplotypes regulating plant height in chickpea were identified. By modulating the lignin/phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, desirable dwarf/semi-dwarf-type chickpea cultivars can be developed without compromising yield per plant.
Article
Developmental Biology
Dengan Xu, Yingjie Bian, Xumei Luo, Chenfei Jia, Qianlin Hao, Xiuling Tian, Qiang Cao, Wei Chen, Wujun Ma, Zhongfu Ni, Xiangdong Fu, Zhonghu He, Xianchun Xia, Shuanghe Cao
Summary: The Rht-B1b gene affects plant architecture and yield traits in wheat, increasing tiller and spike number, as well as grain number. It reduces plant height by decreasing cell size and grain size or weight by decreasing cell number. Transcriptome analysis revealed many key gene homologs and integrators regulated by Rht-B1b for specific traits.
Article
Plant Sciences
Olga V. Razumova, Mikhail G. Divashuk, Oleg S. Alexandrov, Gennady I. Karlov
Summary: Dioecious plants with sex chromosome systems are rare and provide attractive models for studying sex chromosome evolution. This study on three related dioecious species of the Cannabaceae family reveals the accumulation of repetitive DNA sequences in the Y chromosomes and high genomic differentiation. The results suggest a long period of independent and advanced sex chromosome evolution, offering a valuable basis for future genomic studies of sex and highlighting the potential of the Cannabaceae family as a model for studying sex chromosome evolution.
Article
Plant Sciences
Mikhail G. Divashuk, Ekaterina A. Nikitina, Victoria M. Sokolova, Anna I. Yurkina, Alina A. Kocheshkova, Olga V. Razumova, Gennady I. Karlov, Pavel Yu. Kroupin
Summary: qPCR is used as an auxiliary step in the preparation and selection of markers for FISH analysis in this article. Several cases were reviewed to compare closely related species and examine the transfer of tandem repeat sequences (TRs) between wheat and related species. The results showed high correlation between qPCR and FISH analysis, confirming the value of qPCR for cytogenetic studies.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pavel Yu. Kroupin, Daniil S. S. Ulyanov, Gennady I. I. Karlov, Mikhail G. G. Divashuk
Summary: Fluorescence in situ hybridization is a useful tool for studying the genetic diversity of wheat and characterizing alien introgression into the wheat genome. This review highlights the progress made in developing methods for creating new chromosomal markers using DNA probes based on satellite repeats. The use of new-generation sequencing and bioinformatical tools has led to the discovery of numerous genome- and chromosome-specific markers. The review also discusses the specific localization of these markers in different wheat wild relatives and their applicability for detecting alien introgression.
Article
Agronomy
Pavel Yu. Kroupin, Ludmila A. Bespalova, Aleksandra Yu. Kroupina, Aleksey S. Yanovsky, Varvara A. Korobkova, Daniil S. Ulyanov, Gennady I. Karlov, Mikhail G. Divashuk
Summary: This study explored the influence of different allelic states of Glu-A1 and Glu-B1 genes on the quality of spring durum wheat. The analysis of 69 cultivars and promising lines revealed that Glu-B1al, Glu-B1d, and Glu-B1z* alleles positively impact gluten index, while Glu-B1e allele has a negative effect. Glu-B1al also increases protein, gluten, and SDS content, while Glu-B1d decreases these traits.
Article
Agronomy
Alla B. Mirgorodskaya, Rushana A. Kushnazarova, Lucia Ya. Zakharova, Alana A. Ulyanova, Dmitry Y. Litvinov, Andrey O. Blinkov, Mikhail G. Divashuk, Irina A. Kochanova, Liliya M. Nesterova
Summary: In this study, a new herbicidal formulation was developed using a gemini surfactant (16-6-16) as an adjuvant with clopyralid. The formation of a supramolecular surfactant-herbicide complex (SMC) in the formulation improved its wetting properties, increased the concentration of clopyralid on the leaf surface, and enhanced its penetrating ability. The efficacy of the clopyralid-16-6-16 SMC formulation was demonstrated to be superior to two commercial formulations of clopyralid.
Review
Agronomy
Olga V. Razumova, Oleg S. Alexandrov, Karina D. Bone, Gennady I. Karlov, Mikhail G. Divashuk
Summary: Unlike animals, dioecy is rare in flowering plants. Most angiosperm species have bisexual flowers, while about a quarter have dioecious flowers. The formation of dioecious plants' flowers is determined by genetic mechanisms, ranging from a single gene to the function of heteromorphic sex chromosomes. Recent advancements in sequencing techniques and molecular biology have increased interest in studying sex determination mechanisms in plants. This review summarizes current knowledge on sex chromosomes and sex determination mechanisms in dioecious plants, with a focus on agriculturally important species.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Aleksandra Yu. Kroupina, Aleksey S. Yanovsky, Varvara A. Korobkova, Ludmila A. Bespalova, Andrey V. Arkhipov, Galina I. Bukreeva, Anastasiya D. Voropaeva, Pavel Yu. Kroupin, Dmitry Y. Litvinov, Aleksandra A. Mudrova, Daniil S. Ulyanov, Gennady I. Karlov, Mikhail G. Divashuk
Summary: This study analyzed the allelic state of high-molecular-weight glutenin genes Glu-A1 and Glu-B1 in 76 accessions of winter durum wheat and assessed grain and pasta quality traits in a two-year field experiment. The results showed that the Glu-A1a allele had a positive effect on the gluten index, while Glu-A1c had a negative effect. The Glu-B1al and Glu-B1f alleles had a positive effect on protein and gluten quality and quantity, and the Glu-A1c + Glu-B1al genotypes were closest to the high-quality category in protein-associated quality traits.
Article
Plant Sciences
Varvara A. Korobkova, Ludmila A. Bespalova, Aleksey S. Yanovsky, Anastasiya G. Chernook, Pavel Yu. Kroupin, Andrey V. Arkhipov, Anna I. Yurkina, Lubov A. Nazarova, Aleksandra A. Mudrova, Anastasiya D. Voropaeva, Olga Yu. Puzyrnaya, Elena V. Agaeva, Gennady I. Karlov, Mikhail G. Divashuk
Summary: Wheat-rye translocations 1RS.1BL and 1RS.1AL are widely used in bread wheat breeding worldwide due to their advantages in disease resistance, pest resistance and performance under drought-stress conditions. However, these translocations are only found in experimental lines of durum wheat genotypes, despite their potential benefits.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pavel Merkulov, Sofya Gvaramiya, Maxim Dudnikov, Roman Komakhin, Murad Omarov, Alina Kocheshkova, Zakhar Konstantinov, Alexander Soloviev, Gennady Karlov, Mikhail Divashuk, Ilya Kirov
Summary: Transposable element insertions (TEIs) are important for genomic innovation in plants, but identifying and tracking these insertions in complex genomes has been challenging. In this study, researchers combined Cas9-targeted Nanopore sequencing (CANS) with a novel pipeline called NanoCasTE to successfully trace both genetically inherited and somatic TEIs in plants. The study revealed the role of DNA methylation in shaping insertion preference and identified preferential targeting of genes downregulated during heat stress by the ONSEN transposon family. Hypomethylation of novel somatic insertions for two ONSENs was also detected. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of CANS and NanoCasTE in detecting TEIs and exploring mobilome organization in plants under stress and in different genetic backgrounds.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY
(2023)
Correction
Plant Sciences
Pavel Yu. Kroupin, Ekaterina D. D. Badaeva, Victoria M. M. Sokolova, Nadezhda N. N. Chikida, Maria Kh. Belousova, Sergei A. A. Surzhikov, Ekaterina A. A. Nikitina, Alina A. A. Kocheshkova, Daniil S. S. Ulyanov, Aleksey S. S. Ermolaev, Thi Mai Luong Khuat, Olga V. V. Razumova, Anna I. I. Yurkina, Gennady I. I. Karlov, Mikhail G. G. Divashuk
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Agronomy
Sergey A. Bursakov, Pavel Yu. Kroupin, Gennady I. Karlov, Mikhail G. Divashuk
Summary: Optimizing all constituent conditions for high and even maximum yields is a recent trend in agriculture. Legumes, with their unique characteristics and symbiotic nodule bacteria, play a special role in storing protein and other important components for human and animal nutrition, as well as industry and agriculture. Molybdenum supply improves seed quality and promotes efficient use of molybdenum-containing enzymes in the plant and nodules, thereby enhancing nitrogen supply and avoiding competition with other trace elements.