Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xing Liu, Shiyu Xia, Zhibin Zhang, Hao Wu, Judy Lieberman
Summary: Gasdermins have been identified as mediators of inflammatory cell death known as pyroptosis, forming cell membrane pores upon activation to release pro-inflammatory cytokines. They play important roles in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, infectious diseases, deafness, and cancer, with potential for novel therapeutic avenues.
NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Rick Rodrigues de Mercado, Hedde VAN Hoorn, Martin DE Valois, Claude Backendorf, Julia Eckert, Thomas Schmidt
Summary: High-resolution and super-resolution techniques are commonly used in imaging life cells and tissue, but sample inhomogeneities and resulting astigmatism can affect the accuracy of observations. A simple model and a figure-of-merit are introduced to assess the importance of astigmatism in an experiment. Astigmatism caused by the cell's nucleus can result in significant aberrations beyond the accuracy of super-resolution techniques, while astigmatism generated by small objects may not be significant in typical super-resolution experimentation.
BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Deqing Ren, Yili Chen
Summary: Our proposed G-RDI approach utilizes reference stars from the same stellar association to optimize high-contrast imaging, achieving efficient noise reduction and high contrast imaging at small IWA. Compared to current RDI methods, G-RDI significantly improves contrast performance at small IWA, especially when using multiple reference stars. This method offers a new option for future exoplanet imaging surveys with high observational efficiency.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mircea Mujat, James D. Akula, Anne B. Fulton, R. Daniel Ferguson, Nicusor Iftimia
Summary: Adaptive optics improves resolution in ophthalmic imaging for identifying, counting, and mapping retinal microstructures. Small patches can be registered using cross-correlation, but larger images require more sophisticated techniques. We have applied a non-rigid registration technique to compensate for local image deformations, resulting in improved definition of retinal microstructures. Evaluation of derived metrics can facilitate early diagnostics of retinal diseases.
Article
Optics
Zhou Zhou, Jiangfeng Huang, Xiang Li, Xiujuan Gao, Zhongyun Chen, Zhenfei Jiao, Zhihong Zhang, Qingming Luo, Ling Fu
Summary: Adaptive optics is a method for measuring optical aberrations using a virtual imaging scheme and a structural-similarity-based shift measurement algorithm, allowing for high-resolution optical microscopy in various biological samples.
Article
Optics
Weisong Zhao, Shiqun Zhao, Zhenqian Han, Xiangyan Ding, Guangwei Hu, Liying Qu, Yuanyuan Huang, Xinwei Wang, Heng Mao, Yaming Jiu, Ying Hu, Jiubin Tan, Xumin Ding, Liangyi Chen, Changliang Guo, Haoyu Li
Summary: High-throughput super-resolution (SR) imaging is attractive for rapid and high-precision profiling in biomedical applications. The proposed SACD method reduces the number of frames required for SR imaging and enables four-dimensional imaging of live cells and events. SACD improves accessibility to SR imaging and facilitates high-throughput and low-cost biological studies.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Meng-Hsin Chen, Wei-Ning Chou, Vin-Cent Su, Chieh-Hsiung Kuan, Hoang Yan Lin
Summary: Metalenses made of gallium nitride have been successfully fabricated for high-resolution imaging at visible wavelengths, achieving efficiencies up to 89%. Additionally, a homemade resolution test chart was developed to provide resolvable lines with widths as small as 870 nm.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
K. Ahn, O. Guyon, J. Lozi, S. Vievard, V. Deo, N. Skaf, J. C. Bragg, S. Y. Haffert, J. R. Males, T. Currie
Summary: This study proposes a method that combines electric field conjugation (EFC) and spatial linear dark field control (LDFC) for wavefront sensing and control, aiming at improving high-contrast imaging. Laboratory tests have demonstrated that this method can reduce wavefront errors and improve contrast, providing strong support for future direct imaging with ground-based and space-based telescopes.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Sebastian Winberg, Gaspard Zoss, Prashanth Chandran, Paulo Gotardo, Derek Bradley
Summary: Facial hair is often overlooked in facial capture, and existing methods have issues in tracking 3D facial hair and underlying skin. In this paper, we propose a multiview reconstruction pipeline that tracks facial hair and skin for entire performances. Our method does not require dense camera arrays and can be applied to different facial hairstyles and lengths.
ACM TRANSACTIONS ON GRAPHICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Dayong An, Xinxi Liu, Yanqi Liu, Xifeng Li, Jun Chen
Summary: The presence of grain boundaries significantly affects the dislocation behaviour and mechanical properties of polycrystalline materials. However, direct observations of dislocation-grain boundary interactions on bulk samples are limited. In this study, we used in situ electron channelling contrast imaging (ECCI) combined with high-resolution electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) to systematically investigate the interaction between dislocations and various grain boundaries in coarse-grained austenitic high manganese steels. Our observations revealed that grain boundaries play an important role in the local yielding process during early deformation, and the emission of dislocations from and their transfer across grain boundaries is influenced by stacking fault energy and the type of grain boundary.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2023)
Article
Optics
Yuguang Hou, Changying Liu, Hao Wang, Yiyao Fan, Bowen An, Yang Liu
Summary: A high-precision visual imaging model and corresponding camera parameters calibration method are proposed in this paper, which can utilize different camera internal parameters based on the depth of the imaging target to achieve highly accurate 3D reconstruction. The experimental results show that the proposed imaging model and calibration method greatly improve the accuracy and robustness of visual 3D measurement, with promising future prospects in large-depth 3D reconstruction.
Review
Neurosciences
Ying Xiao, Dan Li
Summary: The cochlea is the sensory organ in the periphery, and hair cells are its main sensory cells. Epigenetic regulation controls the structure and function of the genome in response to different cell fates during the development and survival of hair cells. Epigenetic modification also plays a significant role in the regulation of hair cell fate in response to environmental-related damage. Understanding the role of epigenetics in inner ear cell development, survival, and regeneration is crucial for hearing protection.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Andrea Hoehnel, Juergen Bez, Ryszard Amarowicz, Elke K. Arendt, Emanuele Zannini
Summary: This study investigates the feasibility of producing high-protein hybrid pasta by partially replacing wheat semolina with high-protein ingredients such as buckwheat, faba bean, and lupin. The results show that the pasta formulation containing all three high-protein ingredients has similar technological and sensory quality to regular wheat pasta. This provides a viable method for producing more nutritionally rich pasta.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Dongdong Li, Haihong Zhang, Lu Ma, Yingmei Tao, Jun Liu, Dunhua Liu
Summary: The study found that high pressure and ficin treatments, either alone or in combination, can reduce the hardness and centrifugal loss of mutton, while protecting the color and enhancing water retentiveness and tenderness significantly. However, the combination of ficin with high pressure may increase certain quality indicators such as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xizi Wang, Juan Llamas, Talon Trecek, Tuo Shi, Litao Tao, Welly Makmura, J. Gage Crump, Neil Segil, Ksenia Gnedeva
Summary: This study reveals the crucial role of SoxC family members in establishing competence for sensory receptor differentiation in the inner ear, by regulating epigenetic and transcriptional changes. Sox4 and Sox11 expression is associated with accessibility of sensory lineage-specific regulatory elements, and their overexpression can precociously induce hair cell differentiation. Reintroducing Sox4 or Sox11 expression can restore the differentiation ability of supporting cells.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Qianhui Li, Franziska Hegner, Christoph Bruecker
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2020)
Article
Mechanics
I. K. Karathanassis, E. Pashkovski, M. Heidari-Koochi, H. Jadidbonab, T. Smith, M. Gavaises, C. Bruecker
JOURNAL OF NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID MECHANICS
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Mohamed Elshalakani, Christoph Bruecker
JOURNAL OF FLUIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Qianhui Li, Christoph H. Bruecker
JOURNAL OF FLUIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mohamed Elshalakani, Muthukumar Muthuramalingam, Christoph Bruecker
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Omar Selim, Erwin R. Gowree, Christian Lagemann, Edward Talboys, Chetan Jagadeesh, Christoph Brucker
Summary: The peregrine falcon was observed to adopt specific flight configurations during high-speed pullout, resulting in aerodynamic advantage due to lift-generating vortical structures over the wing. Wind-tunnel experiments and computational fluid dynamics simulations demonstrated the importance of hand wing deployment in creating extra vortex lift for increased stability and responsiveness.
Article
Acoustics
Edward Talboys, Thomas F. Geyer, Florian Pruefer, Christoph Bruecker
Summary: This study investigates the acoustic properties of a standard NACA 0012 airfoil with additional self-oscillating passive flaplets for self-noise reduction. Different flaplet configurations were observed to affect the oscillation and reduction of tonal noise.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Qianhui Li, Evangelos Stavropoulos-Vasilakis, Phoevos Koukouvinis, Manolis Gavaises, Christoph H. Bruecker
Summary: This study developed a method for calibrating wall-shear stress sensors in complex geometries, assisted by numerical simulation data. By calibrating and testing in the aorta model, it demonstrated the different impacts of two different heart valves on wall-shear stress in the aortic arch.
JOURNAL OF FLUIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhihan Zhang, Qianhui Li, Christoph Bruecker, Qiang Zhang
Summary: This paper presents a combined experimental and numerical study on high-amplitude intermittent impingement cooling. The results show a remarkable improvement in overall cooling efficiency, especially in the wall jet region.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Raphael Glick, Muthukumar Muthuramalingam, Christoph Brucker
Summary: Previous research has shown that sea lions are able to detect the direction of oncoming vortices using their whiskers. In this study, a theoretical model based on multilateration is presented and tested through experimental studies. The results demonstrate that arrays of whiskers can function as antennas to determine the direction of arrival.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Alecsandra Court, Omar Selim, Keith Pamment, Christoph Bruecker
Summary: This paper investigates the flow control mechanism induced by the dynamic motion cycles of bio-inspired flaplets on a model wing. The experiment results show that the opening of flaplets induces backflow underneath, while the closure generates a forward directed jet, which re-energizes the boundary layer flow upstream. This study provides insights into the action of pop-up feathers for separation control and gust control.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NUMERICAL METHODS FOR HEAT & FLUID FLOW
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Omar Selim, Christoph Brucker
Summary: This paper introduces a novel approach to sense and characterize flow over an aerofoil using arrays of flexible wind-hair-like sensors. The sensors provide real-time readings of local flow information with high temporal resolution, and were tested in a wind tunnel with varying angles of attack. The sensors were able to detect low-frequency oscillations, potentially linked to the breathing modes of the laminar separation bubble.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Elisa Colas, Elena-Maria Klopries, Deyan Tian, Maike Kroll, Michael Selzner, Christoph Bruecker, Kavan Khaledi, Peter Kukla, Axel Preusse, Carolina Sabarny, Holger Schuettrumpf, Florian Amann
Summary: This paper explores the potential of using abandoned mines as lower reservoirs for Underground Pumped Storage Power Systems (UPSPs) and addresses the challenges associated with repurposing coal mines. Numerical solutions to mitigate cyclical processes in abandoned mines are presented, and the economic feasibility of repurposing mines is assessed.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Raphael Glick, Muthukumar Muthuramalingam, Christoph Brucker
Summary: The study demonstrates that coherent vortical structures can be detected by analyzing the bending deformations of whiskers, even in noisy environments. This has important implications for developing sensory systems that can overcome high noise levels.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Muthukumar Muthuramalingam, Edward Talboys, Hermann Wagner, Christoph Bruecker
Summary: This study presents a novel mechanism for laminar flow control on straight and backward swept wings, inspired by owl feathers. By designing a comb-like device based on owl feather barbs and conducting experiments and numerical studies, the researchers found that this device creates a flow turning effect in the boundary layer to counteract cross-flow, ultimately delaying transition. The observed effect is expected to contribute to a more silent flight in owl flight.
BIOINSPIRATION & BIOMIMETICS
(2021)