Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Yunxin Cheng, Ling Zhang, Shigeru Morita, Ailan Hu, Zong Xu, Fengling Zhang, Wenmin Zhang, Zhen Zhou, Weikuan Zhao, Zhengwei Li, Yiming Cao, Jiuyang Ma, Chengxi Zhou, Zhenwei Wu, Haiqing Liu
Summary: Two pairs of space-resolved extreme ultra-violet (EUV) spectrometers were newly established on EAST tokamak to observe the radial profile of impurity line emission in a short wavelength range and study the transport of metallic impurity ions in plasma. The spectrometers, equipped with a back-illuminated complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) detector and a varied-line-spacing (VLS) concave holographic grating, demonstrated excellent performance in impurity diagnostics. The radial intensity profile of Cu XX and Cu XXI at different wavelengths was successfully observed, as well as the rapid change in the radial profile of W XXXIII during the impurity burst period.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
G. S. Kurskiev, V. K. Gusev, N. Sakharov, I. M. Balachenkov, N. N. Bakharev, V. V. Bulanin, F. Chernyshev, A. A. Kavin, E. O. Kiselev, N. A. Khromov, V. B. Minaev, I. Miroshnikov, M. Patrov, A. Petrov, Yu Petrov, P. B. Shchegolev, A. Yu Telnova, V. A. Tokarev, S. Yu Tolstyakov, E. A. Tukhmeneva, V. Varfolomeev, A. Yu Yashin, N. S. Zhiltsov
Summary: The study demonstrates that increasing the magnetic field and plasma current in spherical tokamak experiments can significantly enhance fusion triple product and energy confinement, with neutral beam heating potentially contributing to improved energy confinement. Decreased collisionality at higher magnetic field values may lead to enhanced energy confinement.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
G. S. Kurskiev, V. K. Gusev, N. V. Sakharov, Yu. V. Petrov, N. N. Bakharev, I. M. Balachenkov, A. N. Bazhenov, F. V. Chernyshev, N. A. Khromov, E. O. Kiselev, S. V. Krikunov, V. B. Minaev, I. V. Miroshnikov, A. N. Novokhatskii, N. S. Zhiltsov, E. E. Mukhin, M. I. Patrov, K. D. Shulyatiev, P. B. Shchegolev, O. M. Skrekel, A. Yu. Telnova, E. E. Tkachenko, E. A. Tukhmeneva, V. A. Tokarev, S. Yu. Tolstyakov, V. I. Varfolomeev, A. V. Voronin, V. Yu. Goryainov, V. V. Bulanin, A. V. Petrov, A. M. Ponomarenko, A. Yu. Yashin, A. A. Kavin, E. G. Zhilin, V. A. Solovey
Summary: This work presents the results of an energy confinement study conducted on the compact spherical tokamak Globus-M2. It was found that increasing the magnetic field can lead to a transition to the H-mode and a decrease in plasma turbulence. Neutral beam injection was effective in heating the plasma and increasing the stored energy. The study also confirmed the dependence of energy confinement on the magnetic field and showed that the enhancement of energy confinement is associated with a decrease in collisionality.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
P. E. Hughes, W. Capecchi, D. B. Elliott, L. E. Zakharov, R. E. Bell, C. Hansen, D. P. Boyle, S. N. Gorelenkov, R. Majeski, R. Kaita
Summary: The recent upgrade of the Lithium Tokamak Experiment-Beta (LTX-beta) with neutral beam injection and a new toroidal Mirnov array revealed prompt loss of beam ions, but planned upgrades to the Ohmic heating system are expected to provide the necessary fast ion confinement for beam heating and core fueling. An analytic model relating momentum confinement time to observed evolution of mode rotation suggests values consistent with past measurements of electron energy confinement time.
PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Wenjin Chen, Zhiwei Ma, Haowei Zhang, Wei Zhang, Longwen Yan
Summary: In this study, magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium schemes with toroidal plasma flows and scrape-off layer were developed for the free boundaries in tokamak cylindrical coordinate. The effects of toroidal flow on magnetic axis shift and plasma parameters were investigated.
PLASMA SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Pengcheng Yu, Yu Liu, Xiangqun Liu, Jiuhou Lei
Summary: This study investigates the sheath expansion effect of the double flush mounted probe in weakly ionized plasma and presents an empirical analytical formula to eliminate its influence. Experimental results suggest that sheath expansion should be considered in processing measurement data when the plasma pressure is lower than 200 Pa.
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
A. Alrebh, M. Plunkett, L. Gaburici, M. Couillard, T. Lacelle, C. T. Kingston, K. S. Kim
Summary: This study presents a new method for the synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) using ammonia borane (AB) as the raw material in hydrogen-assisted thermal plasma. The results show that AB can enhance the synthesis of BNNTs with reduced impurities and increased density of nucleating seeds.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Optics
Yinghua Liu, Boping Xu, Bingying Lei, Simeng Liu, Jing Wang, Jianhua Zeng, Yishan Wang, Yixiang Duan, Wei Zhao, Jie Tang
Summary: In this study, conical cavities were used to enhance the signal intensity, signal-to-noise ratio, and signal stability of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. It was found that conical cavities are superior to cylindrical cavities in improving LIBS performance, with emission enhancement attributed to an increase in plasma temperature and electron number density. The efficiencies of conical cavities in suppressing total number density fluctuation were determined for the first time to evaluate signal stability.
APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
A. Sahlberg, J. Eriksson, S. Conroy, G. Ericsson, M. Nocente, Ye. O. Kazakov
Summary: This study investigates the spatial energy and density distributions of RF accelerated deuterons using the neutron camera system at the tokamak JET. A spectroscopic analysis method is presented to fit a spatially resolved model of the fast ion distribution to the pulse height spectra from 19 detectors simultaneously, providing quantitative information about the fast ion distribution resulting from different heating schemes.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
K. C. Shaing, M. S. Chu, Y-K M. Peng
Summary: It has been found that the width of trapped particles like bananas in tokamaks is reduced due to magnetic squeezing, leading to a decrease in ion heat conductivity.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
K. C. Shaing, M. Garcia-Munoz, E. Viezzer
Summary: A version of the drift kinetic equation that includes the physics of the nonlinear trapping and quasilinear plateau regimes in tokamaks is used to calculate neoclassical toroidal plasma viscosity in the bounce-transit and drift resonance regimes. It is found that the transition between these two regimes is controlled by a mirror-force like term. The quasilinear regime prevails when the effective collision frequency is larger than the mirroring or the nonlinear bounce frequency, while the nonlinear trapping regime dominates otherwise. The Eulerian approach is used to demonstrate this, which goes beyond the traditional method of integrating along the unperturbed orbit.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Yury Petrov, Vasily K. Gusev, Nikolay Sakharov, Vladimir Minaev, Vladimir Varfolomeev, V Dyachenko, I. M. Balachenkov, Nikolai Nikolaevich Bakharev, E. N. Bondarchuk, Viktor Bulanin, F. Chernyshev, Margarita Iliasova, A. Kavin, Evgenii Khilkevich, Nikolay Khromov, Evgeniy Kiselev, Alexey N. Konovalov, Vladimir A. Kornev, Sergei Krikunov, Gleb Sergeevich Kurskiev, Andrei D. Melnik, Igor Vitalievich Miroshnikov, Alexandr Novokhatsky, Nikita Zhiltsov, Mikhail Patrov, Alexander Petrov, Anna Ponomarenko, Konstantin Shulyatiev, Petr B. Shchegolev, A. E. Shevelev, Olga Skrekel, Anna Yu Telnova, Ekaterina Tukhmeneva, Valentin A. Tokarev, Sergey Tolstyakov, A. Voronin, Alexander Yashin, Peter Bagryansky, Eugene G. Zhilin, Valery Goryainov
Summary: This paper provides an overview of the research results obtained on the spherical tokamak Globus-M2 from 2019 to 2020. The study confirms the scaling relationship for spherical tokamaks and determines the dependence of the normalized energy confinement time on collisionality through experimental data and analysis.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
G. Z. Hao, C. Y. Li, Y. Q. Liu, H. T. Chen, S. Wang, X. Bai, G. Q. Dong, H. D. He, Y. F. Zhao, Y. T. Miao, L. N. Zhou, J. Q. Xu, N. Zhang, Q. Chen, T. F. Sun, X. Q. Ji, Yi Liu, W. L. Zhong, M. Xu, X. R. Duan
Summary: The study found that high-pressure plasma response in the core region of HL-2M can amplify the applied RMP field, leading to enhanced fast ion transport and loss, especially under the best coil phasing. Additionally, plasma response widens the stochastic region for fast ions on the Poincare plane and maintains orbit islands as large as in vacuum in the plasma core.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
S. Mazzi, M. Vallar, U. Kumar, O. Krutkin, J. Poley-Sanjuan, L. Simons, J. Ball, S. Brunner, S. Coda, J. Garcia, A. Iantchenko, Ye. O. Kazakov, W. H. Lin, J. Ongena, B. Rofman, L. Villard, TCV team
Summary: An in-depth analysis of the impact of unstable Toroidal Alfven Eigenmodes (TAEs) on global confinement and performance is conducted in a counter-current Neutral Beam Injection (NBI) scenario developed in TCV. Experimental evidence shows that ion thermal confinement does not degrade despite an increase in auxiliary power. TAEs driven by fast ions generated through NBI are found to be unstable during this improved confinement period. Various instabilities associated with the injection of fast neutrals are observed, and the study provides a first characterization of these instabilities. Nonlinear wave-wave couplings and the radial localization of the instabilities are also detected through multi-mode analysis and reflectometer measurements.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
T. Barberis, F. Porcelli, A. Yolbarsop
Summary: This article presents a new type of fast particle instability involving axisymmetric modes in magnetic fusion tokamak plasmas. The relevant dispersion relation consists of three roots, and the resonant interaction with fast ions can drive the oscillatory roots unstable.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Peter Herhaus, Jana Lipkova, Felicitas Lammer, Igor Yakushev, Tibor Vag, Julia Slotta-Huspenina, Stefan Habringer, Constantin Lapa, Tobias Pukrop, Dirk Hellwig, Benedikt Wiestler, Andreas K. Buck, Martina Deckert, Hans-Juergen Wester, Florian Bassermann, Markus Schwaiger, Wolfgang Weber, Bjoern Menze, Ulrich Keller
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sabine Julia Maria Sag, Karin Menhart, Jirka Grosse, Florian Hitzenbichler, Frank Hanses, Arno Mohr, Bernd Salzberger, Matthaus Zerdzitzki, Michael Hilker, Leopold Rupprecht, Dirk Hellwig, Christof Schmid, Lars Siegfried Maier, Can Martin Sag
Summary: This study assessed the diagnostic value of FDG PET/CT in surgically managed IE patients. Results showed that combining FDG PET/CT with Duke criteria can increase the diagnostic sensitivity in PVE patients, with patients having false-negative scans observed to have higher prosthesis age.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Elisabeth Bumes, Fro-Philip Wirtz, Claudia Fellner, Jirka Grosse, Dirk Hellwig, Peter J. Oefner, Martina Haeckl, Ralf Linker, Martin Proescholdt, Nils Ole Schmidt, Markus J. Riemenschneider, Claudia Samol, Katharina Rosengarth, Christina Wendl, Peter Hau, Wolfram Gronwald, Markus Hutterer
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
James A. Hutchinson, Katharina Kronenberg, Paloma Riquelme, Juergen J. Wenzel, Gunther Glehr, Hannah-Lou Schilling, Florian Zeman, Katja Evert, Martin Schmiedel, Marion Mickler, Konstantin Drexler, Florian Bitterer, Laura Cordero, Lukas Beyer, Christian Bach, Josef Koestler, Ralph Burkhardt, Hans J. Schlitt, Dirk Hellwig, Jens M. Werner, Rainer Spang, Barbara Schmidt, Edward K. Geissler, Sebastian Haferkamp
Summary: The study reveals that pre-treatment expansion of CD4(+) effector memory T cells is a risk factor for hepatitis following immune checkpoint blockade therapy, and suggests possibilities for prevention or avoidance. The findings illustrate how clinical reactions after cancer therapy can be shaped by pathogen exposure, leading to therapeutic innovations.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Dominic Kaddu-Mulindwa, Bettina Altmann, Gerhard Held, Stephanie Angel, Stephan Stilgenbauer, Lorenz Thurner, Moritz Bewarder, Maren Schwier, Michael Pfreundschuh, Markus Loffler, Karin Menhart, Jirka Grosse, Marita Ziepert, Ken Herrmann, Ulrich Duhrsen, Andreas Huttmann, Francesco Barbato, Viola Poeschel, Dirk Hellwig
Summary: In patients with aggressive B-cell NHL, routine bone marrow biopsy does not provide critical staging information compared to FDG PET/CT and could therefore be omitted.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2021)
Editorial Material
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Dirk Hellwig
NUKLEARMEDIZIN-NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Florian Lueke, Dennis C. Harrer, Karin Menhart, Daniel Wolff, Ernst Holler, Dirk Hellwig, Wolfgang Herr, Matthias Grube, Martin Vogelhuber, Albrecht Reichle, Daniel Heudobler
Summary: MEPED therapy is well tolerated with low toxicity and highly effective in relapsed/refractory cHL, including severely comorbid patients. Among the three newly treated patients, CT scans showed partial remissions after 2-5 months on MEPED treatment. One patient achieving partial remission became eligible for alloHSCT, while the other two continued treatment with MEPED, eventually achieving continuous complete remission (cCR).
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Daniel Schmidt, Jirka Grosse, Roman Mayr, Maximilian Burger, Dirk Hellwig
Summary: The study determined that the optimal radioactivity for compliance with the 10MBq limit is 550MBq, resulting in a body dose of 4.16 µSv for surgeons during the operation. Based on estimates, up to 241 TPRS procedures per year can be performed without triggering the full monitoring obligations according to radiation protection regulations.
NUKLEARMEDIZIN-NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Andreas Rinscheid, Tilman Janzen, Babak Alikhani, Ambros J. Beer, Anja Braune, Nina Eberhardt, Diana Fechner, Stefan Foerster, Martin Freesmeyer, Christian Furth, Michael Grunert, Dirk Hellwig, Pedro Fragoso Costa, Christian Kuehnel, Catharina Lange, Rainer Linke, Natalia Razlaw, Tobias Sack, Daniel Schmidt, Christina Schuetze, Alexander Starke, Liane Tondera, Hermann Wengenmair, Klaus Zoephel, Wolfgang Burchert, Constantin Lapa
Summary: New dose reference levels (DRLs) have been defined in Germany for low-dose CT scans in hybrid SPECT/CT and PET/CT examinations. The survey evaluated data from 2020 and compared it with the new DRLs as well as similar studies from other countries. The results show a need for dose optimization for certain examination types to meet the new DRLs in Germany.
NUKLEARMEDIZIN-NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Dennis Christoph Harrer, Florian Lueke, Ingo Einspieler, Karin Menhart, Dirk Hellwig, Kirsten Utpatel, Wolfgang Herr, Albrecht Reichle, Daniel Heudobler
Summary: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a serious hematological emergency characterized by thrombocytopenia and coagulopathy. This case report presents a rare extramedullary manifestation of APL that mimics metastasized laryngeal carcinoma but with normal blood counts and absent coagulopathy.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Lisa Schindler, Jutta Moosbauer, Daniel Schmidt, Thilo Spruss, Lukas Graetz, Steffen Luedeke, Frank Hofheinz, Sebastian Meister, Bernd Echtenacher, Gunther Bernhardt, Jens Pietzsch, Dirk Hellwig, Max Keller
Summary: This study aimed to develop a peptidic gallium-68 labeled NTS1R PET ligand with high in vivo stability and high NTS1R affinity. A series of potential ligands were prepared by attaching the chelator DOTA to the C-terminal fragment of neurotensin and inserting Ga3+. One of the ligands showed promising results in biodistribution studies and dynamic PET scans, indicating its potential for tumor imaging.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Quirin D. Strotzer, Stefanie Heidemanns, Vinzenz Mayr, Roman Stuerzl, Stefanie Meiler, Daniel Schmidt, Stefan Blaas, Jirka Grosse, Dirk Hellwig, Christian Stroszczynski, Okka W. Hamer
Summary: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of dual-source and split-beam filter multi-energy chest CT in assessing pulmonary perfusion in patients with lung emphysema, using perfusion SPECT as the reference standard. The results showed that both dual-source and split-beam filter multi-energy CT had significant correlations with SPECT/CT for all lobes, and dual-source CT had a higher overall correlation.
RADIOLOGY-CARDIOTHORACIC IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jing Li, Tamara Ruegamer, Christoph Brochhausen, Karin Menhart, Andreas Hiergeist, Lukas Kraemer, Dirk Hellwig, Lars S. Maier, Christof Schmid, Jonathan Jantsch, Christian Schach
Summary: This study investigated diagnostic tools for infective endocarditis and their correlation with mortality outcomes. Positive blood cultures and transesophageal echocardiography were found to be the most sensitive for diagnosing IE, while vegetation size showed high predictive power. Systemic embolism and NT-proBNP levels were associated with mortality.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASE
(2022)
Letter
Hematology
Roch Houot, Viola Poeschel, Bettina Altmann, Stephanie Angel, Lorenz Thurner, Thomas Illmer, Marc Andre, Martin Dreyling, Herve Maisonneuve, Herve Tilly, Stephanie Mayer, Olivier Casasnovas, Steven Le Gouill, Fritz Offner, Guillaume Cartron, Andrea Kerkhoff, Thomas Weber, Joerg Hoffmann, Marita Ziepert, Wolfram Klapper, Emmanuel Itti, Dirk Hellwig, Giorgi Natchkebia, Laurence de Leval, Andreas Rosenwald, Corinne Haioun, Laurent Dercle, Philippe Gaulard, Gerhard Held
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
M. Heidenreich, W. Herr, M. Vogelhuber, J. Hahn, D. Hellwig, K. Menhart, J. Rennert, M. Beutl, F. Weber, K. Koelble, B. Gad
ONCOLOGY RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2021)
