Article
Biology
Jane Yang, Husain Shakil, Stephanie Ratte, Steven A. Prescott
Summary: Neurons regulate their excitability and multiple properties by adjusting their ion channel levels. Degeneracy and pleiotropy impact the complexity of regulation. Regulation is effective when the number of adjustable channels exceeds the number of regulated properties. Ion channel correlations emerge during homeostatic regulation. Regulation fails if single-output solution sets do not intersect. Different properties require ion channels to be coadjusted with different ratios.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Valentina E. Yurinskaya, Alexey V. Moshkov, Irina I. Marakhova, Alexey A. Vereninov
Summary: Recently, we developed software that can identify ion homeostasis characteristics and unidirectional fluxes of monovalent ions through the cell membrane. The software has been successfully validated in lymphoid U937 cells and erythrocytes. The program showed that K+ fluxes in erythrocytes are small compared to Na/K pump and cation-chloride cotransporters under physiological conditions. Additionally, the program accurately predicted the dynamics of erythrocyte ion balance disorders and changes in ion transport pathways under osmotic challenge.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Alexandru-Milentie Hada, Ana-Maria Craciun, Simion Astilean
Summary: In this study, the authors demonstrate the potential of BSA-AuNCs as reliable contrast agents for use in tissue imaging, particularly in cancer tissue mimicking phantoms. The results show that BSA-AuNCs exhibit uniform and reproducible TPE PL in the phantom models, suggesting promise for image-assisted tumor surgery.
Article
Cell Biology
Koen M. O. Galenkamp, Cosimo Commisso
Summary: Cancer cells exhibit increased glycolytic flux and ATP hydrolysis, leading to acidic burden, yet maintaining an alkaline intracellular pH to promote tumor growth. Efflux of protons and lactate, as well as organelle acidification, help support an alkaline cytosol in cancer cells.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Mai Duy Luu Trinh, Shinji Masuda
Summary: The pH of different compartments in chloroplasts, such as the thylakoid lumen and stroma, is dependent on light. Light induces electron transfer and proton translocation, resulting in acidification and alkalization of the thylakoid lumen and stroma, respectively. Maintaining proper chloroplast pH levels during light and dark phases is crucial for efficient photosynthesis and other metabolic pathways. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of pH control in chloroplasts is important for understanding plant biology.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Ayham Daher, Julia Maria Veelken, Tobias Mueller
Summary: The study investigated whether the v-TAC software tool can be used to calculate ABG values from capillary blood samples. The results showed that after mathematical arterialization by v-TAC, the discrepancy in pO(2) between capillary blood and arterial blood was significantly reduced and comparable to the discrepancy between two arterial blood samples. The differences in pH and pCO(2) were small, and similar results were obtained when using fingertip blood instead of earlobe blood.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
C. M. Cleary, S. James, B. J. Maher, D. K. Mulkey
Summary: Disordered breathing is a hallmark of Pitt-Hopkins syndrome (PTHS), and targeting central Nav1.8 channels may improve behavioral abnormalities associated with PTHS.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Signe Tang Karlsen, Tammi Camilla Vesth, Gunnar Oregaard, Vera Kuzina Poulsen, Ole Lund, Gemma Henderson, Jacob Baelum
Summary: Lactococcus lactis strains are important for cheese manufacturing and their strain-dependent properties can be predicted using machine learning models trained on different genomic representations. The models were able to predict the maximum hourly acidification rate and showed high correlation with the measured values, providing insights into lactose metabolism, casein degradation, and pH stress response. Each model also identified unique genetic features not found by the others.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Abigail D. Wilson, Mark A. Richards, M. Kate Curtis, Mala Rohling, Stefania Monterisi, Aminah A. Loonat, Jack Miller, Vicky Ball, Andrew Lewis, Damian Tyler, Anna Moshnikova, Oleg A. Andreev, Yana K. Reshetnyak, Carolyn Carr, Pawel Swietach
Summary: In cardiomyocytes, the expression of pH regulators is fine-tuned to maintain a normal pHi and protect it from disturbances caused by acidic environments.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Jing Li, Yongqing Yang
Summary: This review focuses on the mechanisms of ion and pH homeostasis in plant cells under saline-alkali stress, including regulation of ion sensing, uptake, exclusion, sequestration, and redistribution among organs through long-distance transport. Outstanding questions in this field are also discussed.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Xin Wu, Yawei Li, Mark Maienschein-Cline, Leonid Feferman, Longjun Wu, Liang Hong
Summary: The voltage-gated proton channel HVCN1 plays a crucial role in regulating pH homeostasis and controlling cardiac function. RNA sequencing analysis revealed differential transcriptome profiles and cardiac ion channel expression in HVCN1 null hearts, pointing towards a potential impact on cardiac electrophysiological remodeling.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Alberto Ippolito, Vikram S. Deshpande
Summary: Cell alignment, known as contact guidance, is an important step in the organization of adherent cells. By modeling the response of cells on substrates with alternating soft and stiff stripes, researchers have identified three different mechanisms of cell guidance. Guidance towards stiff stripes is primarily due to molli-avoidance behavior, while decreased collagen density inhibits contact guidance.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jin-Yan Zhou, Dong-Li Hao, Guang-Zhe Yang
Summary: This review focuses on seven types of proteins crucial for cytosolic pH homeostasis in plants, detailing their functions, regulation, and impact on cellular pH balance. Different protein types play distinct roles in regulating cytosolic pH, contributing to overall cellular homeostasis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Maria Antonietta Coppola, Paola Gavazzo, Ilaria Zanardi, Abraham Tettey-Matey, Antonella Liantonio, Peying Fong, Michael Pusch
Summary: ClC-6 and ClC-7 are closely related intracellular Cl-/H+ antiporters that belong to the CLC family of channels and transporters. They play important roles in regulating ionic homeostasis in late endosomes and lysosomes. While the transport function of ClC-7 requires the association with the accessory protein Ostm1, ClC-6 does not. By studying their Cl- and pH-dependence, researchers have discovered unique characteristics and functional nuances of these proteins, as well as disease-associated mutants. The findings highlight the distinct roles of ClC-6 and ClC-7 in the context of their localization, and provide insights into the mechanisms underlying diseases associated with these proteins.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Sunandha Srikanth, Rishikesh Narayanan
Summary: Neurons that regulate calcium autonomously exhibit heterogeneous responses to knockout of individual ion-channel conductances. Even in the absence of a specific channel, other conductances can maintain calcium homeostasis through plasticity mechanisms. This suggests degeneracy in calcium homeostasis and the potential for heterogeneous plasticity in ion-channel conductances and physiological properties during recovery.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Alyssa R. Mickle, Jesus D. Penaloza-Aponte, Richard Coffey, Natale A. Hall, David Baekey, Erica A. Dale
Summary: Closed-loop epidural stimulation (CL-ES) can improve respiratory deficits caused by cervical spinal cord injury, restoring diaphragm activity and enhancing contralateral activity. This treatment has the potential to lead to lasting recovery and device independence.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Shawn Miller Jr, Edgar Juarez Lopez, Jessica M. L. Grittner, Brendan J. Dougherty
Summary: This study tested the impact of CO2 supplementation at different concentrations on ventilatory long-term facilitation (vLTF) in rats and found that 2% CO2 supplementation during and after acute, intermittent hypoxia (AIH) was sufficient to maintain isocapnia and induce significant vLTF.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Behnam Vafadari, Yoshitaka Oku, Charlotte Tacke, Ali Harb, Swen Huelsmann
Summary: The preBo·tzinger Complex (preBo·tC) in the brainstem plays a critical role in generating respiratory rhythm. This study aimed to investigate the activity of inhibitory glycinergic neurons in the preBo·tC of anesthetized mice. Using juxtacellular recordings and optogenetic activation, the researchers were able to identify and characterize the activity pattern of these inhibitory neurons in relation to the breathing rhythm.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Stephen M. Johnson, Maia G. Gumnit, Sarah M. Johnson, Tracy L. Baker, Jyoti J. Watters
Summary: Low-level activation of mu-opioid receptors can increase the amplitude of inspiratory bursts in neonatal rat brainstem-spinal cord preparations. Endomorphin-2, an endogenous ligand for these receptors, was found to have similar effects. Disinhibition of inhibitory synaptic transmission may not be involved in the changes induced by endomorphin-2, and different mechanisms may underlie the increase in burst amplitude and decrease in burst frequency.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Raphael Martins de Abreu, Beatrice Cairo, Patricia Rehder-Santos, Claudio Donisete da Silva, Etore De Favari Signini, Juliana Cristina Milan-Mattos, Camila Akemi Sakaguchi, Aparecida Maria Catai, Alberto Porta
Summary: The purpose of this study was to determine the association between exercise capacity based on peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and resting cardiorespiratory coupling (CRC) levels. The results showed that resting CRC values were associated with exercise capacity in athletes but not in non-athletes.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Sarah M. Russel, Raluca E. Gosman, Katherine Gonzalez, Joshua Wright, Dennis O. Frank-Ito
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the response of different nasal morphologies to airflow-related variables during rapid/deep inspiration. The results showed that notched nasal vestibules had higher resistance values and airflow velocities, while standard nasal vestibules had higher mucosal heat flux. Different nasal phenotypes may predispose individuals to exercise-induced rhinitis.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Ivan Poliacek, Lukas Martvon, Michal Simera, Marcel Veternik, Jakub Misek, Lucia Cibulkova, Kimberly E. Iceman, Donald C. Bolser, Teresa Pitts
Summary: An animal model study evaluated the effects of an abdominal incision on cough and swallow, revealing that abdominal wall manipulations can increase pharyngeal muscle activity during swallow without affecting the cough reflex. Swallowing tended to occur more during the inspiratory phase. The results highlight the important role of abdominal wall sensory feedback in regulating swallow motor patterns.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Rui Yu, Tatsuma Okazaki, Yuzhuo Ren, Junko Okuyama, Satoru Ebihara, Shin-Ichi Izumi
Summary: Body postures significantly influence respiratory muscle force, cough pressure, subjective ease of coughing, and pulmonary function. The 60-degree semi-recumbent posture and sitting posture show better results compared to the supine posture.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Suzuna Sato, Koji Ishida, Noriko I. Tanaka, Keisho Katayama
Summary: Respiratory muscle endurance training has beneficial effects on whole-body endurance performance. A novel high-intensity interval (HII) protocol is found to enhance the efficacy of respiratory muscle training programs.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Letter
Physiology
R. Arieli
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Correction
Physiology
Ivan Poliacek, Michal Simera, Marcel Veternik, Zuzana Kotmanova, Teresa Pitts, Jan Hanacek, Jana Plevkova, Peter Machac, Nadezda Visnovcova, Jakub Misek, Jan Jakus
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Physiology
Dimitrios I. Bourdas, Nickos D. Geladas
Summary: This study examined the effects of breath-hold training on the performance of novice and elite breath-hold divers. The results showed that breath-hold training significantly improved red blood cell concentration, hemoglobin oxygen saturation steady state duration, and breath-hold time in novice divers. Elite divers had better breath-hold performance and higher peak mean arterial pressure compared to novices. The study suggests that breath-hold training can enhance the performance of divers.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2024)