Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Karolina Krupa-Kotara, Jaroslaw Markowski, Agnieszka Gdanska, Mateusz Grajek, Eliza Dzialach, Grzegorz Szlachta, Mateusz Rozmiarek
Summary: This study aims to assess the relationship between global self-esteem, body composition, and physical activity among Polish students. The results showed a negative correlation between body weight and BMI and global self-esteem, while higher levels of physical activity were associated with higher global self-esteem. The study suggests that maintaining healthy physical activity and body composition can help improve global self-esteem.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Carlos Andre Freitas Santos, Gislene Rocha Amirato, Vitoria Paixao, Ewin Barbosa Almeida, Jonatas Bussador Do Amaral, Fernanda Rodrigues Monteiro, Tamaris Roseira, Yara Juliano, Neil Ferreira Novo, Marcelo Rossi, Anuska Marcelino Alvares-Saraiva, Rodolfo de Paula Vieira, Andre Luis Lacerda Bachi, Alessandro Ferrari Jacinto
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the association between physical factors and inflammaging in physically active older women. The results showed that physical activity was correlated with body fat, muscle mass, and inflammatory cytokine concentrations. The eutrophic group showed higher levels of physical activity and lower body fat, while the overweight and obese groups showed the opposite. This suggests that regular moderate-intensity physical exercise can mitigate inflammaging.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Noriko Tanaka, Toyoko Okuda, Hisae Shinohara, Rie Shimonaka Yamasaki, Naomi Hirano, Jangmi Kang, Manami Ogawa, Nao Nishioka Nishi
Summary: Seasonal changes in food intake, energy metabolism, and physical activity were investigated in a study of 28 women aged 20-23 in Japan. Energy intake was highest in winter and decreased significantly in summer, while resting metabolic rate (RMR) was highest in winter and decreased in summer. Muscle weight increased in spring and summer compared to winter, but no significant changes were observed in lean body mass between seasons.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Monika Stanaszek, Jaroslaw Fugiel, Slawomir Koziel, Anna Sebastjan, Agnieszka Suder, Zofia Ignasiak, Louise A. Kelly
Summary: The study shows that winter outdoor physical activity has positive effects on somatic parameters, body composition, and motor performance of adult men. Participants involved in regular physical activity during winter season experienced a decrease in body fat mass, waist circumference, and abdominal obesity indicators, as well as an increase in skeletal muscle mass. They also showed improvements in flexibility, upper limb movement speed, hand and forearm muscle grip strength, lower torso strength, and cardiorespiratory endurance.
Article
Sport Sciences
Johanna Sandborg, Jairo H. Migueles, Emmie Soderstrom, Marie Blomberg, Pontus Henriksson, Marie Lof
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the associations of 24-hour movement behaviors with body composition and cardiometabolic health in early and late pregnancy. The results showed that increasing light physical activity (LPA) or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) while reducing sedentary behavior (SB) and sleep was associated with lower weight and more favorable cardiometabolic health in early pregnancy. Additionally, LPA in early pregnancy seemed to improve body composition and cardiometabolic health indicators in late pregnancy.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
David Melero-Canas, Vicente Morales-Banos, David Manzano-Sanchez, Dani Navarro-Ardoy, Alfonso Valero-Valenzuela
Summary: This study found that an educational hybrid physical education program can significantly improve physical fitness, body composition, and sedentary behavior in adolescents, highlighting the importance of intervention in promoting cardiovascular fitness, agility, speed, and reducing sedentary time.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Communication
Jessica Navarro, Jorge Pena, Ausias Cebolla, Rosa Banos
Summary: This study combines user-avatar similarity and Proteus effect predictions to incentivize physical activity. The results show that when participants' avatars are similar to themselves or when the avatars are wearing sports clothes, the participants' cardiac frequency increases, indicating that user-avatar similarity and the Proteus effect can be harnessed to influence physical activity.
HEALTH COMMUNICATION
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nathan D. Dicks, Marni E. Shoemaker, Kathryn J. DeShaw, Michael J. Carper, Kyle J. Hackney, Allison M. Barry
Summary: This study aimed to determine if cardiovascular fitness, body composition, and physical activity levels could predict performance in a Midwest Police Department's Physical Readiness Assessment (PRA). The results showed that higher estimated (V)over dotO(2max) and lower BF% were the best predictors for faster PRA completion times, accounting for 45% and 32% of the variance, respectively. These findings support the need for wellness and fitness initiatives in law enforcement agencies to ensure optimal performance in policing and overall health.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Damoon Ashtary-Larky, Reza Bagheri, Hoda Bavi, Julien S. Baker, Tatiana Moro, Laura Mancin, Antonio Paoli
Summary: This review discusses the effects of ketogenic diets (KD) on body weight reduction and body composition improvements in individuals with obesity and athletes. It found that KD can reduce body weight and body fat by suppressing appetite and reducing energy intake. However, in isoenergetic situations, KD does not have superior benefits compared to non-KD. For individuals with obesity, KD seems to preserve fat-free mass (FFM) as well as low-fat diets, while in resistance-trained individuals, KD may cause FFM loss. In contrast, KD is more efficient in preserving FFM in endurance-trained individuals.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Fabio Jimenez-Zazo, Antonio Hernandez-Martinez, Cristina Romero-Blanco, Esther Cabanillas, Jorge Perez-Gomez, Ignacio Ara, Jose A. Casajus, German Vicente-Rodriguez, Eva Gesteiro, Marcela Gonzalez-Gross, Susana Aznar
Summary: This study aims to explore the behavior change in physical activity among older adults and identify factors associated with its worsening. The results indicate that older adults with larger hip circumference, lower body strength, and lower aerobic endurance are more likely to drop out of long-term physical activity.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kathleen M. McClain, Christine M. Friedenreich, Charles E. Matthews, Joshua N. Sampson, David P. Check, Darren R. Brenner, Kerry S. Courneya, Rachel A. Murphy, Steven C. Moore
Summary: This study found that a thorough evaluation of fat and lean mass components provides a more accurate assessment of the associations between body composition and metabolites compared to using BMI alone. It is important to correctly characterize these relations to better understand the relationship between obesity and disease.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Saliu A. Balogun, Dawn Aitken, Feitong Wu, David Scott, Graeme Jones, Tania Winzenberg
Summary: This study aimed to describe the relationships between physical activity, body composition, and multimorbidity over 10 years in older adults. The results showed a nonlinear relationship between physical activity level and multimorbidity, with lower risk associated with less steps per day, as well as linear associations between higher BMI, fat mass, lower grip strength, and lean mass with higher risk of multimorbidity. Maintaining adequate physical activity levels and muscle function while reducing adiposity may help minimize the risk of multimorbidity in older adults.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ting-Fu Lai, Yung Liao, Ming-Chun Hsueh, Hsin-Yen Yen, Jong-Hwan Park, Jae Hyeok Chang
Summary: This study found that substituting sedentary time with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in older adults is associated with lower body fat percentage, body mass index, and waist circumference. The associations were stronger in younger-old older adults and in those with a normal nutritional status.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shuo Li, Jingjing Xue, Ping Hong
Summary: The study revealed a negative correlation between omentin-1 and factors such as body weight, BMI, waist circumference, and body fat percentage. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was negatively correlated with total body fat mass. However, sedentary behavior and MVPA showed no significant correlation with omentin-1. Total body fat mass was inversely related to serum omentin-1 concentration and physical activity levels.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kevin J. Scully, Laura T. Jay, Steven Freedman, Gregory S. Sawicki, Ahmet Uluer, Joel S. Finkelstein, Melissa S. Putman
Summary: Measures of body fat and lean mass may better predict important clinical outcomes in patients with cystic fibrosis than body mass index. Diet quality and exercise impact body composition in these patients, with higher physical activity levels associated with greater ALMI and lower body fat. Future studies analyzing the effect of dietary intake and exercise on body composition and clinical outcomes in CF patients are needed.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Sonali R. Gnanenthiran, Ruth Webster, Asita de Silva, Pallab K. Maulik, Abdul Salam, Vanessa Selak, Rama K. Guggilla, Aletta E. Schutte, Anushka Patel, Anthony Rodgers
Summary: The study found that patients with diabetes mellitus had reduced efficacy of blood pressure lowering therapies compared to patients without diabetes, regardless of the type of blood pressure lowering therapy received.
HYPERTENSION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Oliver W. A. Wilson, Erika Ikeda, Erica Hinckson, Sandra Mandic, Justin Richards, Scott Duncan, Geoff Kira, Ralph Maddison, Kim Meredith-Jones, Lana Chisholm, Lisa Williams, Melody Smith
Summary: This article presents the methods and findings of Aotearoa New Zealand's 2022 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth, focusing on indicators and inequities. Grades were assigned to various indicators, with observed inequities across demographic variables. The importance of targeted approaches and promoting all dimensions of physical activity through policies, research, social marketing campaigns, and urban design is emphasized, as well as the need for regular surveys to measure key indicators consistently.
JOURNAL OF EXERCISE SCIENCE & FITNESS
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Nelson Wang, Katie Harris, Mark Woodward, Stephen Harrap, Giuseppe Mancia, Neil Poulter, John Chalmers, Anthony Rodgers
Summary: The utility of short-term blood pressure changes in determining long-term treatment response was assessed in two randomized trials, and it was found that changes in blood pressure immediately after starting treatment did not significantly affect subsequent treatment response.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Helen Eyles, Jacqueline Grey, Yannan Jiang, Elaine Umali, Rachael McLean, Lisa Te Morenga, Bruce Neal, Anthony Rodgers, Robert N. Doughty, Cliona Ni Mhurchu
Summary: The study aimed to determine whether a 12-week intervention with a sodium-reduction package comprising the SaltSwitch smartphone app and reduced-sodium salts could reduce urinary sodium excretion in adults with high blood pressure. However, the study found no evidence that dietary sodium intake was reduced in adults with high blood pressure. This may be due to lower engagement with the trial intervention package by participants.
JMIR MHEALTH AND UHEALTH
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Cheryl Carcel, Faraidoon Haghdoost, Joanne Shen, Puneet Nanda, Yu Bai, Emily Atkins, Takako Torii-Yoshimura, Alexander J. Clough, Leo Davies, Dennis Cordato, Lyn R. Griffiths, Grace Balicki, Xia Wang, Kota Vidyasagar, Alejandra Malavera, Craig S. Anderson, Alessandro S. Zagami, Candice Delcourt, Anthony Rodgers
Summary: Currently, only a few specific blood pressure-lowering medications are recommended for migraine prevention. However, a broader range of blood pressure-lowering medications and drugs have been found to effectively reduce the frequency of migraine attacks.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Isabella Tan, Sonali R. Gnanenthiran, Justine Chan, Konstantinos G. Kyriakoulis, Markus P. Schlaich, Anthony Rodgers, George S. Stergiou, Aletta E. Schutte
Summary: This study investigated the accuracy of a commercially available cuffless wearable blood pressure device in tracking blood pressure changes. The results showed that compared to conventional monitoring methods, the device reported higher values for 24-hour and nighttime systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and it was unable to accurately track medication-induced blood pressure changes.
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Magda Rosin, Leanne Young, Yannan Jiang, Stefanie Vandevijvere, Wilma Waterlander, Sally Mackay, Cliona Ni Mhurchu
Summary: This study aims to examine the frequency of promotions on breakfast cereals and drinks in a major New Zealand supermarket chain, determine the healthiness of promoted versus non-promoted products, and quantify the effects of promotions on sales. The results showed that promotions have a significant impact on sales, therefore, focusing on promoting healthier products could be an important strategy to improve the healthiness of supermarket food purchases.
NUTRITION & DIETETICS
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Magda Rosin, Sally Mackay, Sarah Gerritsen, Lisa Te Morenga, Gareth Terry, Cliona Ni Mhurchu
Summary: This review examined the barriers and facilitators to the implementation of healthy food and drink policies in public sector workplaces for the general adult population. The findings suggest that a ratified policy, positive stakeholder relationships, creating customer demand, and addressing food supply limitations are key factors for successful implementation of these policies.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sanna Askman, Marie Lof, Ralph Maddison, Rebecca Nourse
Summary: This study aimed to determine the feasibility and acceptability of using wearable cameras to assess self-care activities in people with HF. The findings showed that HF patients were accepting of wearing the cameras and that they engaged in fewer activities of daily living and were more sedentary prior to hospitalization. Wearable cameras have the potential to be a valuable tool for improving our understanding of self-care in HF.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
James P. Sanders, Kajal Gokal, Jonah J. C. Thomas, Jonathan C. Rawstorn, Lauren B. Sherar, Ralph Maddison, Colin J. Greaves, Dale Esliger, Amanda J. Daley, Snacktivity Investigators
Summary: This study aims to develop a smartphone-based physical activity app (SnackApp) to promote participation in a novel physical activity intervention called Snacktivity, and explores and reports the acceptability of the app.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jonathan Brett, Dilara Bahceci, Wendy Lipworth, Paul Liknaitzky, Ric O. Day, Anthony Rodgers
Summary: With the rising costs of drug development, the reutilization of low-cost medicines for new indications is becoming increasingly important. However, there are various obstacles to repurposing, especially for off-patent medicines, and limited motivation for the pharmaceutical industry to sponsor registration and public subsidy listing. In this article, we examine these barriers and their implications, and present successful examples of repurposing strategies.
INTERNAL MEDICINE JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Magda Rosin, Sally Mackay, Cliona Ni Mhurchu
NUTRITION & DIETETICS
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Sonali R. Gnanenthiran, Vivekanand Jha, Abdul Salam, Emily Atkins, Clara K. Chow, Mark R. Nelson, Mike Rakotz, Markus P. Schlaich, Aletta E. Schutte, Tim Usherwood, Anthony Rodgers
Summary: In this study, we assessed whether pooled cardiovascular expertise could accurately predict the efficacy and tolerability of both a novel and an established treatment option. A survey was conducted to collect predictions of blood pressure at 12 weeks and 52 weeks for participants in a trial called QUARTET, which involved two different treatment groups.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Alexis S. Bryan, Andrew E. Moran, Claire M. Mobley, Catherine G. Derington, Anthony Rodgers, Yiyi Zhang, Valy Fontil, Steven Shea, Brandon K. Bellows
Summary: Hypertension guidelines recommend initiating treatment with single pill combination (SPC) antihypertensive medications, but only one-third of treated hypertensive US adults use SPCs. This analysis evaluated the cost-effectiveness of initial treatment with SPC dual antihypertensive medications compared to usual care monotherapy in hypertensive US adults. The results showed that initiating antihypertensive treatment with SPC dual therapy can provide more QALYs without additional cost compared to usual care monotherapy.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Patrick J. Owen, Shelley E. Keating, Christopher D. Askew, Kelly M. Clanchy, Paul Jansons, Ralph Maddison, Andrew Maiorana, Jenna McVicar, Suzanne Robinson, Christopher Neason, Matthew J. Clarkson, Niamh L. Mundell
Summary: This study examined the effectiveness of exercise physiology services provided during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed that these services improved a range of client reported outcomes regardless of delivery mode. Further exploration of cost-effectiveness is warranted.
SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN
(2023)
