Article
Microbiology
Mitchell V. Palmer, Carly Kanipe, Kimberly A. Lehman, Tyler C. Thacker, Ellie J. Putz, Paola M. Boggiatto
Summary: Efforts to eradicate bovine tuberculosis are hindered by wildlife reservoirs of Mycobacterium bovis. The efficacy of the human tuberculosis vaccine, M. bovis BCG, in wildlife species is influenced by factors such as non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection. Experimental infection shows that Map infection enhances the efficacy of BCG vaccine.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
B. W. Kirkpatrick, M. E. Cooke, M. Frie, K. R. B. Sporer, B. Lett, S. J. Wells, M. Coussens
Summary: This study identified genetic variations associated with susceptibility to MAP infection in Holstein cattle through genome-wide association analysis. The results suggest that genomic selection against MAP infection is feasible in Holstein cattle.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Judah Ssekitoleko, Lonzy Ojok, Ahmed Abd El Wahed, Joseph Erume, Ahmad Amanzada, ElSagad Eltayeb, Kamal H. Eltom, Julius Boniface Okuni
Summary: This review discusses the mechanisms utilized by MAP to overcome the host defense system to achieve virulence, including putative MAP virulence genes and their probable roles in comparison to other mycobacteria. It also highlights the importance of understanding MAP virulence mechanisms in controlling and preventing paratuberculosis.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Floor Biemans, Jamie Tratalos, Sandie Arnoux, George Ramsbottom, Simon J. More, Pauline Ezanno
Summary: This study investigated the impact of observed herd characteristics on the spread of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map) on a national scale in Ireland. The research found that the probability of introducing infected animals into a herd increases with a higher number of animals being traded and the number of herds from which animals are sourced. Herds that engage in both buying and selling a large number of animals pose the highest risk of infection to other herds.
VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Vincent Rochard, Thierry Cochard, Stephanie Crapart, Vincent Delafont, Jean-Louis Moyen, Yann Hechard, Franck Biet
Summary: The prevalence of Johne's disease (JD) caused by Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (Map) is high and poses significant economic losses in the dairy industry worldwide. Recent studies have shown that Map may hinder the eradication of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) due to frequent co-infection. This study investigates the co-occurrence of amoebae and mycobacteria in water troughs of cattle herds monitored for JD or bTB, and suggests that amoebae may play a role in the transmission of JD.
Review
Immunology
Coad Thomas Dow
Summary: The article argues that the pathogen MAP may be a precipitant of Alzheimer's disease by disrupting autophagy and causing cerebral insulin resistance. Infection with MAP is associated with various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases in both humans and animals, suggesting a wide-ranging impact of the pathogen on health.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Chris Pickrodt, Karsten Donat, Udo Moog, Heike Koehler
Summary: This study determined the presence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in the barn environment of a paratuberculosis-infected vaccinated dairy goat herd. Environmental samples were collected and examined using culture and qPCR methods. High animal traffic areas and samples collected during the indoor season were more likely to yield positive results. Dust was found to be the most suitable material for detecting MAP DNA, while bedding was suitable for MAP culture. Environmental sampling was shown to be an effective way to detect MAP in a dairy goat herd.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Chloe Matthews, Aaron M. Walsh, Stephen V. Gordon, Bryan Markey, Paul D. Cotter, Jim O' Mahony
Summary: This study investigated the changes in the faecal microbiome of cattle exposed to MAP compared to a control group. Significant differences in taxonomic diversity and composition were observed at 3 months post inoculation, including changes in the relative abundance of Methanobrevibacter and Bifidobacterium genera.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Paisley Johnson, Lianne McLeod, John Campbell, Marjolaine Rousseau, Kathy Larson, Cheryl Waldner
Summary: This study aimed to describe the prevalence of MAP in Canadian cow-calf herds and compare the performance of different tests. The individual PCR showed the highest sensitivity and specificity, outperforming pooled PCR and ELISA. Factors related to dairy cattle and previous JD symptoms may increase the likelihood of positive MAP tests.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Mette Krieger, Susanne Eisenberg, Karsten Donat, Amely Campe
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of different management factors on the paratuberculosis status of a farm and found that the increase of 100 or more cows per herd, purchase of cattle with unknown paratuberculosis status, and limitations in calf feeding management had the most obvious impact. These findings suggest that these aspects should be prioritized in paratuberculosis control for individual farms and regions.
Article
Immunology
Yamato Sajiki, Satoru Konnai, Kei Watari, Tomohiro Okagawa, Akina Tanaka, Satoko Kawaji, Reiko Nagata, Naoya Maekawa, Yasuhiko Suzuki, Yukinari Kato, Shiro Murata, Yasuyuki Mori, Kazuhiko Ohashi
Summary: This study investigated the mechanism of immune suppression during paratuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. The findings showed that PGE(2) has immunosuppressive effects via CTLA-4. Further research is needed to understand whether CTLA-4-mediated immunosuppression facilitates disease progression in cattle.
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sonya Middleton, Sabine Steinbach, Michael Coad, Kevina McGill, Colm Brady, Anthony Duignan, Jimmy Wiseman, Eamonn Gormley, Gareth J. Jones, H. Martin Vordermeier
Summary: A molecularly defined tuberculin (MDT) was developed by adding more antigens to the prototype reagent to overcome the limitations of Tuberculin Purified Protein Derivatives (PPDs). MDT showed significantly increased skin responses in infected animals and maintained high specificity in unvaccinated cattle.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Annika Wichert, Esra Einax, Natalie Hahn, Anne Klassen, Karsten Donat
Summary: This study aimed to detect paratuberculosis-positive herds using a combination of random sampling and sample pooling, finding that pools of size 10 can be used without a significant decrease in detection probability compared to pools of size 5, and that the detection probability of pooled samples can be increased by the positive association between bacterial density and detection probability.
Article
Microbiology
Viktor Perets, Adrian Allen, Joseph Crispell, Sophie Cassidy, Aoife O'Connor, Damien Farrell, John A. Browne, Jim O'Mahony, Robin Skuce, Kevin Kenny, Stephen Gordon
Summary: This study applied whole genome sequencing (WGS) to analyze 197 Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (MAP) isolates from cattle herds in Ireland. The results showed that WGS provided more detailed grouping compared to mycobacterial interspersed random unit - variable number tandem repeats (MIRU-VNTR). The study also found evidence for the transmission of MAP across Ireland via cattle movement and international transmission of infection. The findings contribute new insights into the spread of MAP infection and highlight the potential of WGS in informing policy formulation to control transmission at various scales.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Amanda Kravitz, Kevin Pelzer, Nammalwar Sriranganathan
Summary: Paratuberculosis, or Johne's Disease, is a chronic enteritis mainly affecting ruminants caused by MAP, leading to economic losses and potential zoonotic risk. The lack of effective treatments and vaccines complicates disease control strategies, while host genetics play a role in resistance and susceptibility. Candidate genes identified in studies overlap with those found in CD and tuberculosis.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Roselane Goncalves Santos, Raquel Hurtado, Lucas Gabriel Rodrigues Gomes, Rodrigo Profeta, Claudia Rifici, Anna Rita Attili, Sharon J. Spier, Mazzullo Giuseppe, Francielly Morais-Rodrigues, Anne Cybelle Pinto Gomide, Bertram Brenig, Alfonso Gala-Garcia, Vincenzo Cuteri, Thiago Luiz de Paula Castro, Preetam Ghosh, Nubia Seyffert, Vasco Azevedo
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Anna-Rita Attili, Patrizia Nebbia, Alessandro Bellato, Livio Galosi, Cristiano Papeschi, Giacomo Rossi, Martina Linardi, Eleonora Fileni, Vincenzo Cuteri, Francesco Chiesa, Patrizia Robino
Article
Immunology
Anna-Rita Attili, Renato Colognato, Silvia Preziuso, Martina Moriconi, Silvia Valentini, Stefano Petrini, Gian Mario De Mia, Vincenzo Cuteri
Article
Infectious Diseases
Anna-Rita Attili, Alessandro Bellato, Patrizia Robino, Livio Galosi, Cristiano Papeschi, Giacomo Rossi, Eleonora Fileni, Martina Linardi, Vincenzo Cuteri, Francesco Chiesa, Patrizia Nebbia
Article
Microbiology
Dana Hubelova, Vit Ulmann, Pavel Mikuska, Roman Licbinsky, Lukas Alexa, Helena Modra, Milan Gersl, Vladimir Babak, Ross Tim Weston, Ivo Pavlik
Summary: A total of 152 aerosol and spider web samples were collected from karst areas in 4 European countries, revealing the presence of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) in spider webs with potential pathogenicity. Monitoring of air quality in caves with speleotherapy facilities is recommended to ensure a safe environment.
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Ivo Pavlik, Vit Ulmann, Ross Tim Weston
Summary: Members of the Mycobacterium fortuitum group (MFG) can cause clinical mycobacteriosis in fish, other animals, and humans. While a variety of MFG species have been isolated from fish, only three MFG species have been isolated from other animals. Some MFG species have never been reported in humans, and certain species have been found in diverse animal species.
Article
Microbiology
Vit Ulmann, Helena Modra, Vladimir Babak, Ross Tim Weston, Ivo Pavlik
Summary: The decontamination method utilizing a solution containing NaOH and TDAB proved to be effective in processing heavily microbially contaminated matrices, resulting in low contamination rates across various environmental samples. A diverse range of mycobacteria species were isolated, with PCR detection parameters significantly improved by pre-treating the sample suspension with PMA solution. This method allows for more accurate assessment of human exposure risks to live non-tuberculous mycobacteria.
Article
Microbiology
Ivo Pavlik, Vit Ulmann, Helena Modra, Milan Gersl, Barbora Rantova, Jan Zukal, Katerina Zukalova, Ondrej Konecny, Vlastislav Kana, Pavel Kubalek, Vladimir Babak, Ross Tim Weston
Summary: This study collected bat guano samples from eight European countries, finding a higher detection rate of mycobacteria in guano from caves compared to guano from attics. Additionally, different risk groups of mycobacterial isolates were identified, and differences in physical and chemical properties between cave and attic guano were observed.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Rudolf Kukla, Renata Kracmarova, Lenka Ryskova, Jan Bavlovic, Vera Pellantova, Radka Bolehovska, Miroslav Fajfr, Ivo Pavlik, Pavel Bostik
Summary: Although Francisella tularensis is a well-known zoonotic pathogen, its importance in Central Europe is relatively minor. However, the annual incidence of tularaemia is higher in the Czech Republic compared to neighboring countries. The common mode of transmission in Central Europe is through handling infected animals, rather than tick bites. This study reports two rare cases of tick bite-associated ulceroglandular tularaemia in young children, indicating possible changes in the epidemiology of tularaemia in the Czech Republic.
TICKS AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Ivo Pavlik, Vit Ulmann, Joseph O. Falkinham
Summary: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are environmentally saprophytic and potentially pathogenic bacteria that can cause serious mycobacterioses. NTM infections mainly come from soil or water sources, including water-borne, air-borne, or water-related infections. NTM can be transmitted through water, air, and soil, and can be found in soil, water aerosols, and dust particles. NTM infections have significant clinical relevance in both humans and animals.
Review
Microbiology
Ivo Pavlik, Vit Ulmann, Dana Hubelova, Ross Tim Weston
Summary: Mycobacteria are a group of microorganisms known for their adaptability and durability, thriving in various environmental conditions. While most mycobacteria are a natural part of the external environment, some can cause diseases in immunocompromised individuals. Treating and eradicating mycobacterial diseases is challenging due to their adaptability and resilience.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Lenka Ryskova, Radka Bolehovska, Rudolf Kukla, Michal Svarc, Alzbeta Zavrelova, Hubert Vanicek, Ivo Pavlik, Pavel Bostik
Summary: The incidence of mycobacterioses caused by Mycobacterium abscessus is increasing, and correct identification of subspecies and determination of antibiotic sensitivity are crucial for disease management.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Lenka Ryskova, Jan Zahradnicek, Rudolf Kukla, Radka Bolehovska, Milan Vajda, Ivo Pavlik, Pavel Bostik, Pavel Ryska
Summary: This report describes a rare case of dual infection with Mycobacterium setense and Clostridium celerecrescens. The patient suffered multiple injuries, including a comminuted fracture of the right humeral diaphysis. A fistula developed in the scar five months after the accident, and M. setense and C. celerecrescens were cultured from sinus swabs and perioperative samples. The patient received a combination of intravenous and oral antibiotics, and signs of bone healing were observed during follow-ups. The therapy lasted for a total of 9 months, and there have been no signs of reinfection.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Lenka Ryskova, Rudolf Kukla, Radka Bolehovska, Libor Prokes, Milan Vajda, Tomas Kucera, Ivo Pavlik, Pavel Bostik, Pavel Ryska
Summary: This article reports a case of osteomyelitis caused by Mycobacterium chelonae. Molecular typing of the pathogen helped establish the correct diagnosis and confirmed bone involvement. The patient recovered after appropriate medication treatment.
Article
Cell Biology
Andrea Amaroli, Maria Giovanna Sabbieti, Luigi Marchetti, Angelina O. Zekiy, Anatoliy S. Utyuzh, Andrea Marchegiani, Fulvio Laus, Vincenzo Cuteri, Stefano Benedicenti, Dimitrios Agas
Summary: Cell organelles can be tailored to change cell behavior for enhanced viability, differentiation, or anti-inflammatory effects. Photobiomodulation (PBM) is recognized as an effective cell manipulation technique with potential therapeutic benefits. Using 808-nm laser light at specific settings can regulate differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells towards osteogenesis. The findings suggest that PBM therapy could stimulate biochemical pathways to modulate actin polymerization and cytoskeletal characteristics of cells, showing promise for novel therapeutic protocols.
CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
R. Mischke, K. Rumstedt, S. O. Hungerbuehler, K. Rohn, M. Schmicke
Summary: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) can provide an additional tool for the diagnosis of hypothyroidism in dogs and support its differentiation from non-thyroidal illness. Sedation has limited impact on CEUS results.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2024)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Lucas Petitemberte de Souza, William Borges Domingues, Eduardo Bierhals Blodorn, Leandro da Silva Nunes, Hadassa Gabriela Ortiz, Eliza Rossi Komninou, Vinicius Farias Campos
Summary: This study performed a systematic review of the differential expression of sperm microRNAs in bulls related to fertility. A total of 182 unique differentially expressed miRNAs were identified, among which 49 miRNAs were found in common between at least two studies. The results suggest that miRNAs such as miR-10a, -10b, -103, -15b, -122, -125b, -126-5p, -151-5p, -193a-5p, -196a, -27a-5p, and -99b may serve as potential universal biomarkers for assessing the reproductive potential of males.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Wonhee Cha, Katinca Fungbrant, Giulio Grandi, Ylva Persson
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence and development of hair loss in outdoor cattle in Sweden. It found a relatively high hair loss rate, with the occurrence of hair loss increasing over time during winters, suggesting a contagious etiology. The study also identified preventative delousing before November, keeping animals clean, and maintaining small group sizes as effective measures to reduce the risk of hair loss, while older age and access to bedding materials increased the risk.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Sheeba Thomas, David Francis Lappin, David Bennett, Christopher Nile, Marcello Pasquale Riggio
Summary: This study found that Feline odontoclastic resorptive lesion (FORL) can be divided into two subgroups, with FORL-1 subgroup having a less diverse oral microbiome and higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which may be associated with the severity and activity of the disease.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
S. L. Gayathri, M. Bhakat, T. K. Mohanty
Summary: This study used infrared thermography (IRT) to identify mastitis in Sahiwal cows. The results showed significant differences in the mean values of udder and teat surface temperature between healthy, subclinical mastitis (SCM), and clinical mastitis (CM) cases during different seasons. IRT is an efficient tool for the early identification of subclinical mastitis.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Zeynep Ozdemir Kutahya, Busra Aslan Akyol, Kubra Deliklitas, Cengiz Gokbulut
Summary: In this study, the pharmacokinetic behavior of Eprinomectin was studied in two different goat breeds. The results showed no significant differences in plasma concentration between the breeds, but the clearance from the body may vary. High concentration of Eprinomectin in feces is beneficial against gastrointestinal parasites but poses an ecotoxicological risk to the environment.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Mohammad Ashrafzadeh-Shiraz, Mousa Tavassoli, Bahram Dalir-Naghadeh, Alireza Sazmand
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of fenbendazole and ivermectin on strongyles and Parascaris sp. infecting adult riding horses in different regions of Iran. The results demonstrated varying degrees of resistance of these parasites to both anthelminthics. It emphasizes the urgency of educating horse owners about the importance of a test-and-treatment strategy and suggests evaluating the efficacy of different anthelminthics to choose the most effective treatment in each region.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Moises Gonzalvez, Clara Munoz-Hernandez
Summary: The study evaluated the use of R software in research articles addressing the study of wildlife, showing an increasing trend in the number of publications over time and a wide geographical distribution globally.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2024)
