Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rocio Guizar-Heredia, Armando R. Tovar, Omar Granados-Portillo, Edgar Pichardo-Ontiveros, Adriana Flores-Lopez, Luis E. Gonzalez-Salazar, Liliana Arteaga-Sanchez, Isabel Medina-Vera, Ximena Orozco-Ruiz, Nimbe Torres, Lilia G. Noriega, Martha Guevara-Cruz
Summary: The amino acid profile of subjects with obesity is differentially affected by age, insulin resistance, and specific gene polymorphisms. Young adults with obesity have higher levels of certain amino acids compared to older adults, and the presence of insulin resistance and specific gene polymorphisms can alter amino acid concentrations in this population.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yueqiu Liu, Wen Zheng, Lu Zhang, Liqiang Hu, Xin Liu, Jingqiu Cheng, Guoliang Li, Meng Gong
Summary: This study investigated the hypoglycemic and metabolic effects of Ficus racemosa fruit in diabetic mice and explored its potential mechanisms using a metabolomics approach. The results showed that Ficus racemosa fruit could lower blood glucose levels and improve tissue lesions, primarily by altering amino acid, organic acid, and nucleotide metabolism.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sanmei Chen, Takako Miki, Ami Fukunaga, Masafumi Eguchi, Takeshi Kochi, Akiko Nanri, Isamu Kabe, Tetsuya Mizoue
Summary: This study revealed the prospective associations of serum amino acids with insulin resistance, with the most pronounced effects observed in overweight/obese adults. There may be heterogeneous effects of individual amino acids, as well as their interaction with obesity, on the progression of insulin resistance.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Milan Holecek
Summary: The most common alterations in plasma amino acid concentrations in type 1 and type 2 diabetes are decreased L-serine and increased branched-chain amino acid (BCAA; valine, leucine, and isoleucine) levels. L-serine deficiency is caused by impaired glycolysis, leading to decreased synthesis of 3-phosphoglycerate, the main endogenous precursor of L-serine. The increased BCAA levels result from decreased supply of pyruvate and oxaloacetate from glycolysis, enhanced supply of NADH + H+ from beta-oxidation, and subsequent decrease in the flux through the citric acid cycle in muscles.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joungyoun Kim, Sang-Jun Shin, Hee-Taik Kang
Summary: The study examined the association between the TyG index and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and mortality, finding that an elevated TyG index was positively correlated with primary outcomes in men and predicted a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases and ischemic cerebrovascular diseases in both sexes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Micaela Morettini, Maria Concetta Palumbo, Christian Gobl, Laura Burattini, Yanislava Karusheva, Michael Roden, Giovanni Pacini, Andrea Tura
Summary: This study proposes a mathematical model to describe the effects of amino acids on insulin kinetics. The validation using average data from literature suggests that a simple model with a first-order differential equation performs the best. The results indicate a positive effect of amino acids on insulin secretion in individuals with normal glucose tolerance, but negligible effect in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Frederik J. Link, Jerry Y. Y. Heng
Summary: The introduction of l-arginine and l-leucine as soft templates significantly enhances the nucleation of human insulin, while l-glycine does not have the same effect. This indicates that the intermolecular interactions between protein and amino acid residues play a crucial role in nucleation enhancement. Additionally, the increase in insulin solubility in amino acid-rich solutions suggests that the nucleation enhancement is not thermodynamically driven.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Junnan Xu, Ning Zhao, Xuemei Meng, Tong Zhang, Jun Li, Huayu Dong, Xinyuan Wei, Mingtao Fan
Summary: The acid-resistant property of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris enables its survival and multiplication in acidic juices, posing a major concern for the juice industry. This study investigated the effect of acid stress on the amino acid metabolism of A. acidoterrestris and revealed that glutamate, arginine, and lysine played crucial roles in its acid resistance. Exogenous supplementation of these amino acids increased intracellular pH, ATP levels, and protected the cells against membrane damage and deformation caused by acid stress. The up-regulation of gadA and speA genes and enhanced enzymatic activity confirmed the involvement of glutamate and arginine decarboxylase systems in maintaining pH homeostasis under acid stress. This research provides valuable insights for effectively controlling A. acidoterrestris contamination in fruit juices.
Article
Cell Biology
Kiyoto Nishi, Akira Yoshii, Lauren Abell, Bo Zhou, Ricardo Frausto, Julia Ritterhoff, Timothy S. McMillen, Ian Sweet, Yibin Wang, Chen Gao, Rong Tian
Summary: It was found that deficiency of Ppm1k leads to reduced metabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and protects against obesity-induced glucose intolerance. Accumulation of branched-chain keto acids (BCKAs) inhibits glucose production in liver cells. It was observed that BCKAs suppress the activity of liver mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) and pyruvate-supported respiration. Selective suppression of pyruvate-supported gluconeogenesis was seen in Ppm1k-deficient mice and could be restored through pharmacological activation of BCKA catabolism by BT2. Furthermore, liver MPC was found to be most sensitive to circulating BCKA levels, making it a sensor of BCAA metabolism.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Juan M. Vargas-Morales, Rocio Guizar-Heredia, Ana L. Mendez-Garcia, Berenice Palacios-Gonzalez, Alejandro Schcolnik-Cabrera, Omar Granados, Adriana M. Lopez-Barradas, Natalia Vazquez-Manjarrez, Isabel Medina-Vera, Miriam Aguilar-Lopez, Claudia Tovar-Palacio, Guillermo Ordaz-Nava, Ana K. Rocha-Viggiano, Eduardo Medina-Cerda, Nimbe Torres, Jose M. Ordovas, Armando R. Tovar, Martha Guevara-Cruz, Lilia G. Noriega
Summary: The study found that individuals with genetic variants in BCAT2 and BCKDH genes had significant differences in body weight, BMI, blood pressure, glucose, and certain circulating amino acid levels compared to those without these variants.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Weiqiang Chen, Hui-Jing Li, Mei Liu, Pi-Xian Gong, Yan-Chao Wu
Summary: The researchers have successfully synthesized difluorinated 3-oxo-N,3-diarylpropanamides with certain hypoglycemic activity using Selectfluor and water as additives. The key steps in the reaction include difluorination, imine cleavage, and amide formation. The products were confirmed by spectra and single-crystal X-ray analysis.
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
He Yao, Kai Li, Jie Wei, Yajun Lin, Yinghua Liu
Summary: Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) play important regulatory roles in glucose and lipid metabolism, protein synthesis, and longevity. Studies have shown associations between circulating BCAA levels or dietary intake of BCAAs and longevity, sarcopenia, obesity, and diabetes. However, the effects of BCAAs on aging and insulin resistance vary in different populations, and contradictory conclusions have been drawn. The regulatory mechanism may be related to endogenous BCAA levels, BCAA metabolism, mTOR-related autophagy, and the recent discovery that insulin resistance may be independent of longevity.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Linchen He, Xinyan Hu, Drew B. Day, Meilin Yan, Yanbo Teng, Xing (Lucy) Liu, Erik Yan, Jianbang Xiang, Xinghua Qiu, Jinhan Mo, Yinping Zhang, Junfeng (Jim) Zhang, Jicheng Gong
Summary: Exposure to certain nitro-PAHs may affect glucose homeostasis, partly resulting from the depletion of insulin-stimulating amino acids.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Junyu Zhao, Yutian Tian, Zhen Jia, Jinming Yao, Lin Liao, Jianjun Dong
Summary: The study found that abnormal glucose metabolism parameters, such as diabetes mellitus, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance, are significantly associated with the carcinogenesis and aggressiveness of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). More DTC patients exhibited multifocality, extra-glandular invasion, and lymph node metastasis.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Enrique Calvo, Noelia Keiran, Catalina Nunez-Roa, Elsa Maymo-Masip, Miriam Ejarque, Joan Sabadell-Basallote, Maria Del Mar Rodriguez-Pena, Victoria Ceperuelo-Mallafre, Jesus Seco, Ester Benaiges, Theodora Michalopoulou, Rosa Jorba, Joan Vendrell, Sonia Fernandez-Veledo
Summary: ASCs isolated from visceral adipose tissue show promising effects in alleviating metabolic abnormalities in obesity, with ASCs from inducible BAT showing superior outcomes in suppressing lipogenic and inflammatory markers as well as preserving insulin secretion, compared to ASCs from white adipose tissue. This suggests the potential of using BAT-derived ASCs as a therapeutic option for obesity-related comorbidities.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Virology
Kirill Kryukov, Mahoko Takahashi Ueda, Tadashi Imanishi, So Nakagawa
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shinichi Kai, Yoshiyuki Matsuo, So Nakagawa, Kirill Kryukov, Shino Matsukawa, Hiromasa Tanaka, Teppei Iwai, Tadashi Imanishi, Kiichi Hirota
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Kirill Kryukov, Mahoko Takahashi Ueda, So Nakagawa, Tadashi Imanishi
Article
Oncology
Masaru Hayashi, Koji Matsuo, Kazuhiro Tanabe, Masae Ikeda, Mariko Miyazawa, Miwa Yasaka, Hiroko Machida, Masako Shida, Tadashi Imanishi, Brendan H. Grubbs, Takeshi Hirasawa, Mikio Mikami
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Minoru Asogawa, Ayumu Ohno, So Nakagawa, Eriko Ochiai, Yasuhiro Katahira, Megumi Sudo, Motoki Osawa, Masatoshi Sugisawa, Tadashi Imanishi
JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
(2020)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Joto Yoshimoto, Yukiko Kato, Masayasu Ban, Mikiya Kishi, Humitoshi Horie, Chizumi Yamada, Yasuhiro Nishizaki
Article
Biology
Kirill Kryukov, Mahoko Takahashi Ueda, So Nakagawa, Tadashi Imanishi
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chizumi Yamada, Noriaki Kishimoto, Nana Urata, Moritsugu Kimura, Masao Toyoda, Yumi Masuda, Shinji Takashimizu, Naoaki Ishii, Akira Kubo, Yasuhiro Nishizaki
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE AND VITAMINOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Oncology
Koji Matsuo, Kazuhiro Tanabe, Masaru Hayashi, Masae Ikeda, Miwa Yasaka, Hiroko Machida, Masako Shida, Kenji Sato, Hiroshi Yoshida, Takeshi Hirasawa, Tadashi Imanishi, Mikio Mikami
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kengo Moriyama, Noriaki Kishimoto, Yutaka Shiina, Nana Urata, Yumi Masuda, Kanae Oda, Chizumi Yamada, Shinji Takashimizu, Akira Kubo, Yasuhiro Nishizaki
Summary: Results from a recent study suggest that a higher oleic acid/stearic acid ratio may be associated with metabolically unhealthy obesity, making it a potential marker for insulin resistance in non-obese Japanese subjects.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY AND NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kengo Moriyama, Nana Urata, Yumi Masuda, Kanae Oda, Chiori Okuno, Chizumi Yamada, Shinji Takashimizu, Akira Kubo, Noriaki Kishimoto, Yasuhiro Nishizaki
Summary: Both ALT levels and the TG/HDL-C ratio are positively associated, and assessing both simultaneously can provide more precise evaluation of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.
METABOLIC SYNDROME AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yoshiki Shiraishi, Kirill Kryukov, Katsuyoshi Tomomatsu, Fumio Sakamaki, Shigeaki Inoue, So Nakagawa, Tadashi Imanishi, Koichiro Asano
Summary: This study aimed to identify probable causative bacteria in pleural empyema/parapneumonic effusions by combining 16S rRNA gene amplification and next-generation sequencing (NGS). NGS results were discordant with culture results in some patients who had been treated with antibiotics. Total and specific bacterial loads calculated using semi-quantitative PCR could efficiently distinguish infectious effusions from non-infectious effusions.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kengo Moriyama, Yumi Masuda, Nana Suzuki, Chizumi Yamada, Noriaki Kishimoto, Shinji Takashimizu, Akira Kubo, Yasuhiro Nishizaki
Summary: The study found that lower stearic acid/palmitic acid and arachidonic acid/dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid ratios were associated with metabolically unhealthy obesity in the Japanese population. Elovl6 and D5D activities were negatively correlated with the logmatic-transformed TG/HDL-C ratio and TyG index, and may serve as useful markers of insulin resistance.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES AND METABOLIC DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jianshi Jin, Taisaku Ogawa, Nozomi Hojo, Kirill Kryukov, Kenji Shimizu, Tomokatsu Ikawa, Tadashi Imanishi, Taku Okazaki, Katsuyuki Shiroguchi
Summary: Developed a multifunctional robot system ALPS for single-cell RNA sequencing of cells observed under multiple imaging modes. Successfully predicted transcriptome-defined cell phenotypes using cell image-based deep learning. This work provides a new approach to determine live-cell whole transcriptome in real time.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kanae Oda, Emiko Kikuchi, Emiko Kuroda, Chizumi Yamada, Chiori Okuno, Nana Urata, Noriaki Kishimoto, Akira Kubo, Naoaki Ishii, Yasuhiro Nishizaki
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY AND NUTRITION
(2019)