Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
J. Stanhiser, A. M. Z. Jukic, D. R. McConnaughey, A. Z. Steiner
Summary: The study found that self-reported use of omega-3 fatty acid supplements was associated with an increased probability of conceiving.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mingjin Cheng, Shengqiang Zhang, Chengdong Ning, Qianlun Huo
Summary: This study confirmed the efficacy of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in improving the nutritional status and suppressing systemic inflammatory response in patients with lung cancer. Compared to the placebo group, the omega-3 group showed significant improvements in weight, albumin, and triglyceride levels, as well as reductions in inflammatory markers.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Burak Dogan, Esra Sinem Kemer Dogan, Ozlem Ozmen, Ozlem Fentoglu, Fatma Yesim Kirzioglu, Mustafa Calapoglu
Summary: Omega-3 and probiotics, when combined, showed a synergistic effect on host modulation in improving periodontal health. The prophylactic administration of omega-3 and probiotic combination reduced alveolar bone loss and improved serum IL1 beta, IL6, and IL10 levels more than their single use.
PROBIOTICS AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROTEINS
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Jing Li, Heng Zhang, Yongqiang Dong, Xian Wang, Guang Wang
Summary: Homocysteine (Hcy) activates the NLRP3 inflammasome in adipose tissue, leading to the development of insulin resistance. Diets high in omega-3 fatty acids can alter serum and adipose lipid profiles, potentially reducing adipose tissue inflammation and alleviating insulin resistance.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kamila P. Liput, Adam Lepczynski, Magdalena Ogluszka, Agata Nawrocka, Ewa Polawska, Agata Grzesiak, Brygida Slaska, Chandra S. Pareek, Urszula Czarnik, Mariusz Pierzchala
Summary: It is recommended to reduce saturated fatty acids (SFA) and increase polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) n-3 and n-6 in the diet to lower the risk of metabolic disorders. Western-type diet often contains excessive n-6 PUFAs and a high n-6/n-3 ratio. Oxylipins derived from n-3 and n-6 PUFAs play a role in inflammation, while PUFAs have varying effects on cell growth, proliferation, and neoplastic lesion progression, as observed in in vitro studies, animal models, and epidemiological studies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Nanda Nursyifa Fadiyah, Ginna Megawati, Dimas Erlangga Luftimas
Summary: This review aims to identify the potential of omega 3 fatty acid supplementation in COVID-19. The studies selected suggest that omega 3 fatty acids may help reduce the risk of infection and duration of symptoms in COVID-19 patients, improve renal and respiratory function, and increase survival rate.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lena Kopp, Anna Schweinlin, Lina Tingoe, Ashley N. Hutchinson, Viktoria Feit, Tabea Jaehnichen, Katja Lehnert, Walter Vetter, Andreas Rings, Morten G. Jensen, Robert J. Brummer, Stephan C. Bischoff
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a nutritional supplement on low-grade inflammation and gut permeability in subjects with overweight and obesity. The results suggest that probiotics, n-3 fatty acids, and vitamin D as non-pharmaceutical supplements may have modest effects on inflammation, plasma fatty acid levels, and physical function in patients with overweight and obesity and associated low-grade inflammation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mahsa Shirani, Shokoofeh Talebi, Omid Sadeghi, Shirin Hassanizadeh, Gholamreza Askari, Mohammad Bagherniya, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Summary: The meta-analysis of this study indicates that long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have anti-inflammatory effects on adhesion molecules. They significantly reduce serum concentrations of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and slightly decrease serum concentrations of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and P-selectin.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Dimitra Karageorgou, Ulrika Rova, Paul Christakopoulos, Petros Katapodis, Leonidas Matsakas, Alok Patel
Summary: This review summarizes the role of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, determined by chain length, saturation degree, and position of double bonds, in human health. It highlights oleaginous microalgae as a reliable, economical, and sustainable source of these fatty acids. Humans cannot synthesize these fatty acids and need to absorb them through the diet. The demand for microbial omega-3 fatty acids is increasing due to the growing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and changing dietary preferences. The importance of a healthy immune system, especially following the COVID-19 pandemic, has further strengthened the market for omega-3 fatty acids.
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Sarah A. Keim, Abigail Jude, Katie Smith, Aiman Q. Khan, Daniel L. Coury, Joseph Rausch, Shivika Udaipuria, Megan Norris, Lindsay R. Bartram, Anita R. Narayanan, Lynette K. Rogers
Summary: This study is a double-blind, randomized controlled trial that tested the effect of fatty acid supplementation in children aged 2-6 years with recently diagnosed Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The results showed that the FA supplement increased levels of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and reduced IL-2 levels. The treatment was well tolerated and had a high adherence rate.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Akira Shikuma, Daisuke Kami, Ryotaro Maeda, Yosuke Suzuki, Arata Sano, Toshihiko Taya, Takehiro Ogata, Anne Konkel, Satoaki Matoba, Wolf-Hagen Schunck, Satoshi Gojo
Summary: EEQ-A exhibits potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, improving survival rate and reducing organ damage in sepsis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ivana Djuricic, Philip C. Calder
Summary: Oxidative stress and inflammation are important contributors to chronic non-communicable diseases. Different types of fatty acids have varying effects on chronic diseases, with moderate intake of Ω-6 fatty acids lowering the risk of cardiovascular diseases and Ω-3 fatty acids helping to reduce inflammation levels.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nicole R. Bonetti, Luca Liberale, Alexander Akhmedov, Lisa Pasterk, Sara Gobbato, Yustina M. Puspitasari, Ana Vukolic, Seyed Soheil Saeedi Saravi, Bernd Coester, Carla Horvath, Elena Osto, Fabrizio Montecucco, Thomas F. Luescher, Jurg H. Beer, Giovanni G. Camici
Summary: A long-term dietary intervention with ALA has been shown to reduce stroke size and neurological dysfunction, maintain BBB integrity, and decrease inflammation. These findings suggest that ALA supplementation could pave the way for novel stroke treatments.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Richard L. Weinberg, Robert D. Brook, Melvyn Rubenfire, Kim A. Eagle
Summary: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids play a key role in heart-healthy diet, and can be obtained through fatty fish consumption or fish oil supplementation. They not only treat hypertriglyceridemia, but also prevent cardiovascular events, with additional benefits such as reducing inflammation and improving plaque stability.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gabriela Salim de Castro, Marcia Fabia Andrade, Flaydson Clayton Silva Pinto, Jaline Zandonato Faiad, Marilia Seelaender
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of n-3 fatty acid supplementation on body weight and inflammatory markers in cancer cachexia patients. The results showed that n-3 had no significant effect on interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and albumin levels. However, due to the limited number of studies and small sample size, no robust conclusions could be drawn regarding the effects on body weight. More research is needed to further evaluate the role of n-3 supplementation in cancer cachexia.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Olivia G. Swann, Monique Breslin, Michelle Kilpatrick, Therese A. O'Sullivan, Trevor A. Mori, Lawrence J. Beilin, Ashleigh Lin, Wendy H. Oddy
Summary: Depression is a major cause of disability in adolescents. Higher dietary fibre intake has been associated with lower depressive symptoms in adults, but the association in adolescents may be more reflective of overall diet quality than an independent effect of fibre intake.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kevin Teo, Kushala W. M. Abeysekera, Leon Adams, Elmar Aigner, Quentin M. Anstee, Jesus M. Banales, Rajarshi Banerjee, Priyadarshi Basu, Thomas Berg, Pallav Bhatnagar, Stephan Buch, Ali Canbay, Sonia Caprio, Ankita Chatterjee, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Abhijit Chowdhury, Ann K. Daly, Christian Datz, Dana de Gracia Hahn, Johanna K. DiStefano, Jiawen Dong, Amedine Duret, Connor Emdin, Madison Fairey, Glenn S. Gerhard, Xiuqing Guo, Jochen Hampe, Matthew Hickman, Lena Heintz, Christian Hudert, Harriet Hunter, Matt Kelly, Julia Kozlitina, Marcin Krawczyk, Frank Lammert, Claudia Langenberg, Joel Lavine, Lin Li, Hong Kai Lim, Rohit Loomba, Panu K. Luukkonen, Phillip E. Melton, Trevor A. Mori, Nicholette D. Palmer, Constantinos A. Parisinos, Sreekumar G. Pillai, Faiza Qayyum, Matthias C. Reichert, Stefano Romeo, Jerome I. Rotter, Yu Ri Im, Nicola Santoro, Clemens Schafmayer, Elizabeth K. Speliotes, Stefan Stender, Felix Stickel, Christopher D. Still, Pavel Strnad, Kent D. Taylor, Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen, Giuseppina Rosaria Umano, Mrudula Utukuri, Luca Valenti, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Nicholas J. Wareham, Richard M. Watanabe, Julia Wattacheril, Hanieh Yaghootkar, Hannele Yki-Jarvinen, Kendra A. Young, Jake P. Mann
Summary: The genetic variant rs641738C>T near MBOAT7 is validated as a risk factor for the presence and severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in individuals of European descent. This variant is associated with higher liver fat, NAFLD diagnosis, and advanced fibrosis in Caucasian adults.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kamran Majeed, Jamie W. Bellinge, Steele C. Butcher, Richard Alcock, Jon Spiro, David Playford, Graham S. Hillis, David E. Newby, Trevor A. Mori, Roslyn Francis, Carl J. Schultz
Summary: This study found an association between elevated F-18-NaF uptake in coronary arteries and high-risk plaque features in patients with acute coronary syndrome, including higher lipid arc, prevalence of macrophages, and lower plaque free wall on OCT. Patients with positive microcalcification activity showed more severe vascular lesions.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Fuzhen Wan, Feng Pan, Oyekoya T. Ayonrinde, Leon A. Adams, Trevor A. Mori, Lawrence J. Beilin, Therese A. O'Sullivan, John K. Olynyk, Wendy H. Oddy
Summary: This study validated three scoring systems for diagnosing NAFLD in adolescents, with the results indicating that suprailiac skinfold thickness was a better predictor than the scoring systems, particularly performing better in males compared to females.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anne Barden, Tomas B. Corcoran, James Preuss, Michael Phillips, Emilie Mas, Trevor A. Mori
Summary: This controlled trial found that higher levels of inspired oxygen during surgery can reduce oxidative stress and increase resolution of inflammation in procedures involving reperfusion after tourniquet application. Increased oxygen levels were associated with lower levels of IsoFs and higher levels of SPM, highlighting the potential benefits of oxygen therapy in surgical settings.
FREE RADICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jessica R. Ivy, Roderic N. Carter, Jin-Feng Zhao, Charlotte Buckley, Helena Urquijo, Eva A. Rog-Zielinska, Emma Panting, Lenka Hrabalkova, Cara Nicholson, Emma J. Agnew, Matthew W. Kemp, Nicholson N. Morton, Sarah J. Stock, Caitlin Wyrwoll, Ian G. Ganley, Karen E. Chapman
Summary: The late gestational increase in glucocorticoids helps in the maturation of the fetal heart, particularly in the switch from carbohydrate to fatty acid oxidation. Excessive use of exogenous glucocorticoids may interfere with normal fetal heart development and pose potential clinical risks.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Caitlin S. Wyrwoll, Melissa G. Papini, Emily K. Chivers, Jinbo Yuan, Nathan J. Pavlos, Robyn M. Lucas, Phil N. Bierwirth, Alexander N. Larcombe
Summary: Exposure of mice to 890 ppm CO2 from preconception to young adulthood alters growth and some behaviors, with increased birthweight, decreased female body weight after weaning, reduced engagement in memory/learning tasks, and hyperactivity observed. Limited evidence of compensatory changes in acid-base balance was found, highlighting the potential direct effect of increased atmospheric CO2 on mammalian health outcomes.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Article
Developmental Biology
J. L. James, Y. Tongpob, V Srinivasan, R. C. Crew, N. Bappoo, B. Doyle, D. Gerneke, A. R. Clark, C. S. Wyrwoll
Summary: Adequate development of the feto-placental circulation is critical for placental exchange function and healthy fetal growth. Understanding the structure of this circulation is important in both human and rodent placenta. Vascular casting and micro-CT imaging approaches provide detailed data for modeling purposes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Megan Galbally, Stuart J. Watson, Martha Lappas, E. Ron de Kloet, Caitlin S. Wyrwoll, Peter J. Mark, Andrew J. Lewis
Summary: This study found that maternal depression during pregnancy and postpartum, as well as infant cortisol reactivity, were only associated with internalizing symptoms in female offspring. In addition, in females only, lower placental 11 beta-HSD2 mRNA expression and higher cortisol reactivity predicted an increase in internalizing problems. These findings suggest that prenatal predictors and pathways for early childhood depression and anxiety symptoms and disorders may differ by sex.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Ebony Quintrell, Caitlin Wyrwoll, Tim Rosenow, Alexander Larcombe, Erin Kelty
Summary: In this study, the effects of maternal administration of acamprosate on maternal and neonatal health, offspring neurodevelopment and behaviour, as well as the potential of acamprosate to reduce the neurological harm caused by alcohol consumption during pregnancy, were investigated using a mouse model. The results showed that acamprosate did not have significant effects on maternal and birth outcomes, neonatal outcomes, or neurodevelopmental markers. However, its effects on short-term memory were uncertain. Prenatal alcohol exposure resulted in various negative effects, but acamprosate was able to mitigate some of these effects.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Letter
Neurosciences
Caitlin S. S. Wyrwoll, Phil N. N. Bierwirth, Melissa G. G. Papini, Alexander N. N. Larcombe
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Chloe Bakker, Emily Chivers, Xian-Wen Chia, Ebony Quintrell, Caitlin Wyrwoll, Alexander Larcombe
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of switching from tobacco smoking to e-cigarette use in very early pregnancy on birth outcomes, neurodevelopment, and behavior of the offspring. The results showed that in utero exposure to e-cigarette aerosol did not have negative effects on gestational outcomes and early markers of physical and neurodevelopment. However, maternal exposure to nicotine-containing e-cigarette aerosol increased offspring body weight and impaired motor skill learning.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Developmental Biology
Vladimira Foteva, Joshua J. Fisher, Caitlin S. Wyrwoll
Summary: This paper discusses the experiences and challenges of international graduate students overseas, as well as the institutional and social structures that can impact their graduate degree trajectory. It also provides examples of collaborative programs and methods to promote an equitable and accessible environment for all researchers.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Caitlin S. Wyrwoll
Summary: The incidence and severity of heatwaves during pregnancy are increasing globally, leading to adverse health outcomes for pregnant women and newborns. The reasons for these complications are still unclear, and there is a lack of understanding regarding the specific climatic conditions that challenge pregnant physiology.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)