Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Amanda N. Davis, William A. Myers, Jorge Eduardo Rico, Lin Feng Wang, Crystal Chang, Andrew T. Richards, Mohammed Moniruzzaman, Norman J. Haughey, Joseph W. McFadden
Summary: The study found that intravenous delivery of 0.3 mg of myriocin per kg of body weight every 48 hours decreased circulating and tissue ceramide levels in ruminants without modifying energy intake.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Angela M. Horgan, Gundula R. Palmbach, Julia M. Jordan, Holly S. Callahan, Kaatje E. Meeuws, David S. Weigle, Mario Kratz, Jonathan Q. Purnell
Summary: This study investigated the effect of an off-protocol meal on total caloric consumption, hunger, and satiety in a long-term ad libitum feeding study. The results showed that the off-protocol meal increased daily caloric intake without affecting appetite ratings. There was a slight reduction in intake the following day, but no change in appetite scores. Protein intake was inversely associated with daily caloric intake.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Martin Allweyer, Matthias Emde, Ina Bahr, Julia Spielmann, Philipp Bieramperl, Wiebke Naujoks, Heike Kielstein
Summary: This study investigated the effects of high-fat diet-induced obesity (DIO) with two different feeding regimes on behavioral parameters in mice. The results showed that C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet had significantly higher body weight and fat mass compared to control diet mice, but did not exhibit changes in aggression- or anxiety-related behavior. However, there was a significant change in the anxiety index, possibly due to lower activity levels. The feeding regime did not have a significant impact on the behavioral parameters and corticosterone level.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rola Hammoud, Emanuela Pannia, Ruslan Kubant, Adam Metherel, Rebecca Simonian, Zdenka Pausova, G. Harvey Anderson
Summary: This study found that gestational choline supplementation may improve biomarkers of metabolic syndrome in male Wistar rat offspring fed a high-fat diet, but has no significant effect on offspring fed a normal-fat diet.
Article
Parasitology
Ruby E. Harrison, Kangkang Chen, Lilith South, Ange Lorenzi, Mark R. Brown, Michael R. Strand
Summary: This study found that several anautogenous mosquitoes are capable of egg production when provided with ad libitum access to sugar solutions containing proteins or peptides. However, there are differences in the process of egg formation compared to blood-feeding mosquitoes.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Vanille Deru, Alban Bouquet, Etienne Labussiere, Philippe Ganier, Benoit Blanchet, Celine Carillier-Jacquin, Helene Gilbert
Summary: The study investigated the impact of alternative HF diets on pig digestibility, showing that pigs fed the HF diet had lower digestibility coefficients. Digestibility coefficients were moderately to highly heritable in both CO and HF diets, with favorable genetic correlations with feed conversion ratio but unfavorable correlations with average daily gain and carcass yield.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL BREEDING AND GENETICS
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jose Luis Mansur, Beatriz Oliveri, Evangelina Giacoia, David Fusaro, Pablo Rene Costanzo
Summary: Vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy and infants may lead to health issues such as rickets, preeclampsia, and fetal growth restriction; supplementation with Vitamin D can reduce the risk of complications for pregnant women, fetuses, and newborns.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Isaac Hyeladi Malgwi, Diana Giannuzzi, Luigi Gallo, Veronika Halas, Paolo Carnier, Stefano Schiavon
Summary: Little is known about the influence of slaughter weight (SW) on growth performance, feed efficiency, carcass quality, and ham curing aptitude in the dry-cured ham production system. However, increasing SW has been found to have a positive impact on pig growth performance and improve ham quality traits.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Valeria Maria Morittu, Andrea Minuti, Antonella Spina, Mario Vailati Riboni, Fiorenzo Piccioli-Cappelli, Erminio Trevisi, Domenico Britti, Vincenzo Lopreiato
Summary: The study investigated blood biomarkers related to the metabolic status of Simmental calves during the pre-weaning period, finding that these biomarkers are significantly influenced by age and growth stages. Calves with good nutritional status exhibited better liver function and stable inflammatory status.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xiangyu Qi, Meijie Zhang, Mingqi Sun, Dandan Luo, Qingbo Guan, Chunxiao Yu
Summary: The study demonstrated that high-fat diet-induced obesity impairs male fertility during puberty and in adulthood. The loss of acrosome integrity, increased oxidative stress, increased cell apoptosis, and down-regulation of StAR and WT-1 may be the underlying mechanisms. Switching from high-fat diets during puberty to normal diets in adulthood can improve male fertility.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Andrea Rabenstein, Anna Rahofer, Jochen Vukas, Benedikt Rieder, Kristin Stoerzenhofecker, Yvonne Stoll, Nestor Burgmann, Elke Pieper, Peter Laux, Andreas Luch, Tobias Ruether, Nadja Mallock-Ohnesorg
Summary: A study compared the nicotine delivery and usage patterns of e-cigarettes, heated tobacco products, and conventional cigarettes. The results showed that although e-cigarettes had lower peak nicotine concentrations, users took more puffs and had longer puff durations. This suggests that non-tobacco e-cigarettes can also satisfy nicotine cravings in experienced users.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hugo G. Winter, Daniel L. Rolnik, Ben W. J. Mol, Sophia Torkel, Simon Alesi, Aya Mousa, Nahal Habibi, Thais R. Silva, Tin Oi Cheung, Chau Thien Tay, Alejandra Quinteros, Jessica A. Grieger, Lisa J. Moran
Summary: This study examined the effect of different dietary patterns on fertility outcomes in both naturally conceiving populations and those requiring assisted reproductive technology (ART). The results showed conflicting findings, but suggested that adherence to the Mediterranean diet and various healthy diets could improve pregnancy and live birth rates.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zixuan Chen, Yiwen E, Jun Xiong, Weike Li, Xuemei Chen, Na Li, Jing Long, Chao Tong, Junlin He, Fangfang Li, Cuihua Zhang, Yingxiong Wang, Rufei Gao
Summary: Pregnancy complications are more likely to occur in obese women due to defective decidualization. Obesity-induced endometrial glycolysis modifications and key glycolytic enzyme downregulation during early pregnancy might cause abnormal decidualization, leading to an unsustainable pregnancy.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xiaohua Huang, Yong Zhuo, Dandan Jiang, Yingguo Zhu, Zhengfeng Fang, Lianqiang Che, Yan Lin, Shengyu Xu, Lun Hua, Yuanfeng Zou, Chao Huang, Lixia Li, De Wu, Bin Feng
Summary: Maternal low-protein diet during puberty and adulthood may disrupt metabolic gene expression in the liver of offspring and exacerbate insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in offspring fed a high-fat diet.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dai-Ting Lin, Ning-Juo Kao, Tzu-Wen Liu Cross, Wei-Ju Lee, Shyh-Hsiang Lin
Summary: This study investigated the effects of a ketogenic diet (medium chain triglyceride, MCT) on cognitive performance after long-term consumption of a high-fat-high-cholesterol diet. The results showed that the MCT diet improved spatial learning and memory performance, reduced expression of inflammatory proteins, and increased expression of neurotrophic factors compared to the high-fat-high-cholesterol diet. This suggests that the MCT diet may help slow down neurodegeneration.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
T. Han, S. Bjorkman, N. M. Soede, C. Oliviero, O. A. T. Peltoniemi
Summary: This study found that pre-mating diets of sows did not affect litter characteristics at subsequent farrowing. However, a higher concentration of IGF-1 during the weaning-to-oestrus interval was positively associated with subsequent litter weight and piglet mean birth weight. Further research is needed to understand the role of IGF-1 during this interval and potential dietary interventions to stimulate IGF-1.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Kirsi-Marja Swan, Helena Telkanranta, Camilla Munsterhjelm, Olli Peltoniemi, Anna Valros
Summary: The study found that providing chewable materials to piglets increased their contact with sows during lactation, but sows in the control group exhibited more active behaviors. Additionally, the skin lesion score of sows tended to increase with the number of observation weeks. Further investigation is needed to understand the behavioral mechanisms underlying these findings.
APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Emilia Konig, Virpi Sali, Paulina Heponiemi, Seppo Salminen, Anna Valros, Sami Junnikkala, Mari Heinonen
Summary: Selection for hyper-prolific sows has led to increased litter size, decreased birth weight, and affected colostrum intake. Small pigs had higher lactobacilli counts, with colostrum quality and intake influencing total lactobacilli count.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Jinhyeon Yun, Johanna Muurinen, Suvi Nykasenoja, Leena Seppa-Lassila, Virpi Sali, Johanna Suomi, Pirkko Tuominen, Suvi Joutsen, Merja Hamalainen, Satu Olkkola, Anna-Liisa Myllyniemi, Olli Peltoniemi, Mari Heinonen
Summary: The study investigated the relationship between antimicrobial use, biosecurity, and pig and staff numbers in ten Finnish pig herds. Antimicrobial use varied significantly between herds, with most treatments given to weaned piglets. Larger herds had higher external biosecurity scores, while herds with lower biosecurity scores had higher proportions of resistant isolates. The study suggests that enhancing internal biosecurity could help reduce the spread of antimicrobial resistance in pig herds.
PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Claudio Oliviero
Summary: In Europe, the use of superior maternal line genetics has led to an increase in litter size, resulting in challenges for piglets' access to vital resources and negative effects on their birth weight and immunity development. The increased number of piglets in hyperprolific sows' litters leads to intrauterine crowding and a higher risk of intrauterine growth retardation. The competition for colostrum intake and the resulting negative effects on immunity further impact the piglets' vitality. Therefore, colostrum management and efforts to enhance the vitality of neonate piglets, especially those with low birth weight or affected by intrauterine growth retardation, are crucial.
MOLECULAR REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Alessandra Scagliarini, Olli Peltoniemi, Anita Luise Michel
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Md Karim Uddin, Shah Hasan, Olli Peltoniemi, Claudio Oliviero
Summary: The vitality score, umbilical cord blood parameters, birth order, and colostrum intake of piglets are closely related to their growth performance and preweaning mortality. Piglets with higher vitality scores show better blood parameters, higher colostrum intake, and higher body weight at birth and weaning. Birth order also plays a role, with early-born piglets having higher vitality scores and colostrum intake. Higher umbilical cord lactate is associated with lower vitality and colostrum intake, indicating the importance of improving piglets' vitality and the farrowing process to reduce mortality.
PORCINE HEALTH MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adam J. Ziecik, Pawel Likszo, Jan Klos, Katarzyna Gromadzka-Hliwa, Katarzyna Knapczyk-Stwora, Olli Peltoniemi, Zdzislaw Gajewski, Monika M. Kaczmarek
Summary: Ovarian cysts can reduce reproductive performance in pigs, and the formation mechanism of lutein cysts is still unknown. This study compared the endocrine and molecular milieus of healthy preovulatory follicles, healthy and atretic-like follicles induced by gonadotropins, and gonadotropin-provoked and spontaneous ovarian cysts in gilts, and found significant differences in endocrine and molecular indicators and microRNA in the walls of cysts. The results suggest a novel mechanism of lutein ovarian cysts development in pigs and possibly other species.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Md Rayhan Mahmud, Ching Jian, Md Karim Uddin, Mirja Huhtinen, Anne Salonen, Olli Peltoniemi, Heli Venhoranta, Claudio Oliviero
Summary: Small-scale studies on pigs' intestinal microbiota and growth performance have yielded inconsistent results. This study found that the gut microbiota during the nursery stage, not the suckling period, was a predictor of piglet growth. Certain SCFA-producing bacterial genera were significantly correlated with high piglet growth, and the gut microbiota of high-ADG piglets matured faster and stabilized sooner after weaning compared to low-ADG piglets. The findings suggest that weaning is a major driver of gut microbiota variation and that specific gut microbiota at weaning may be beneficial for piglet growth.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Developmental Biology
Lena Lindh, Mariusz P. Kowalewski, Anne-Rose Guenzel-Apel, Sandra Goericke-Pesch, Vesa Myllys, Gerhard Schuler, Merja Dahlbom, Heli Lindeberg, Olli A. T. Peltoniemi
Summary: This study provides updated insights into the accurate staging of the sexual cycle by examining clinical, endocrinological, and vagino-cytological parameters, as well as the histomorphology of ovarian and uterine tissue samples.
REPRODUCTION FERTILITY AND DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Olli Peltoniemi, Taehee Han, Jinhyeon Yun
Summary: Management issues can be used as drivers for change to improve welfare and nursing capacity of hyperprolific sows. Group housing during gestation is recommended, but comes with challenges and feeding issues. Providing sufficient space and nesting material is crucial for successful farrowing of hyperprolific sows.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Olli Peltoniemi, Jinhyeon Yun, Stefan Bjorkman, Taehee Han
Summary: Intensive breeding has led to an increase in litter size in pig production, resulting in higher farrowing complications and decreased piglet birth weight with more variations. Proper management and nutrition are crucial for improving piglet survival, with a focus on optimizing colostrum intake and maintaining litter uniformity. Investigating ways to reduce birth weight and improve immunity, as well as emphasizing nutritional factors affecting IGF-1-driven follicle development, are important areas for future research and novel management tools.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
