Spectroscopic scanning tunneling microscopy insights into Fe-based superconductors

Coexistence of superconductivity and antiferromagnetism in single crystals A0.8Fe2−ySe2(A=K, Rb, Cs, Tl/K and Tl/Rb): Evidence from magnetization and resistivity

(2011) R. H. Liu et al.   EPL

Fe-based superconductivity with Tc=31 K bordering an antiferromagnetic insulator in (Tl,K) FexSe2

(2011) Ming-Hu Fang et al.   EPL

Observation of ordered vortices with Andreev bound states in Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2

(2011) Lei Shan et al.   Nature Physics

Quasiparticle interference in antiferromagnetic parent compounds of iron-based superconductors

(2011) I. I. Mazin et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Evidence of multiple nodeless energy gaps in superconductingBa0.6K0.4Fe2As2single crystals from scanning tunneling spectroscopy

(2011) Lei Shan et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Quasiparticle interference in an iron-based superconductor

(2011) S. Sykora et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Nanoscale chemical phase separation in FeTe0.55Se0.45as seen via scanning tunneling spectroscopy

(2011) Xiaobo He et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Orbitally and magnetically induced anisotropy in iron-based superconductors

(2011) Weicheng Lv et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Molecular-beam epitaxy and robust superconductivity of stoichiometric FeSe crystalline films on bilayer graphene

(2011) Can-Li Song et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Absence of a Holelike Fermi Surface for the Iron-BasedK0.8Fe1.7Se2Superconductor Revealed by Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy

(2011) T. Qian et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Reaffirming thedx2−y2Superconducting Gap Using the Autocorrelation Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy ofBi1.5Pb0.55Sr1.6La0.4CuO6+δ

(2011) M. Hashimoto et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Model of Vortex States in Hole-Doped Iron-Pnictide Superconductors

(2011) Yi Gao et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Existence, Character, and Origin of Surface-Related Bands in the High Temperature Iron Pnictide SuperconductorBaFe2−xCoxAs2

(2011) Erik van Heumen et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Quasiparticle Interference ofC2-Symmetric Surface States in a LaOFeAs Parent Compound

(2011) Xiaodong Zhou et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Measurement of a Sign-Changing Two-Gap Superconducting Phase in Electron-DopedBa(Fe1−xCox)2As2Single Crystals Using Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy

(2011) M. L. Teague et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

MetastableπJunction between ans±-Wave and ans-Wave Superconductor

(2011) E. Berg et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Symmetry-breaking orbital anisotropy observed for detwinned Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 above the spin density wave transition

(2011) M. Yi et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Direct Observation of Nodes and Twofold Symmetry in FeSe Superconductor

(2011) C.-L. Song et al.   SCIENCE

Fermi surface dichotomy of the superconducting gap and pseudogap in underdoped pnictides

(2011) Y.-M. Xu et al.   Nature Communications

The puzzle of high temperature superconductivity in layered iron pnictides and chalcogenides

(2010) David C. Johnston   ADVANCES IN PHYSICS

New Iron Arsenide Oxides (Fe2As2)(Sr4(Sc,Ti)3O8), (Fe2As2)(Ba4Sc3O7.5), and (Fe2As2)(Ba3Sc2O5)

(2010) Naoto Kawaguchi et al.   Applied Physics Express

Homologous series of iron pnictide oxide superconductors (Fe2As2)[Can+1(Sc,Ti)nOy] (n=3,4,5) with extremely thick blocking layers

(2010) Hiraku Ogino et al.   APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS

Pseudogap-less high-Tcsuperconductivity in BaCoxFe2−xAs2

(2010) F. Massee et al.   EPL

STM spectroscopy on superconducting FeSe1−xTex single crystals at 300mK

(2010) I. Fridman et al.   JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS

Investigation of the Spin-Glass Regime between the Antiferromagnetic and Superconducting Phases in Fe1+ySexTe1-x

(2010) Naoyuki Katayama et al.   JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN

Degradation of Superconductivity and Spin Fluctuations by Electron Overdoping in LaFeAsO1-xFx

(2010) Shuichi Wakimoto et al.   JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN

Integer and half-integer flux-quantum transitions in a niobium–iron pnictide loop

(2010) C.-T. Chen et al.   Nature Physics

Electronic and magnetic phase diagram of superconductors, SmFeAsO1−xFx

(2010) Yoichi Kamihara et al.   NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS

Surface-driven electronic structure in LaFeAsO studied by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

(2010) Chang Liu et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Unexpected Fermi-surface nesting in the pnictide parent compoundsBaFe2As2andCaFe2As2revealed by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

(2010) Takeshi Kondo et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Absence of surface states for LiFeAs investigated using density functional calculations

(2010) Alexander Lankau et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Electronic structure around a vortex core in iron pnictide superconductors

(2010) Da Wang et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Optical spectroscopy of single-crystalline LaFeAsO

(2010) Z. G. Chen et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Line nodes in the energy gap of superconductingBaFe2(As1−xPx)2single crystals as seen via penetration depth and thermal conductivity

(2010) K. Hashimoto et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

P31andA75sNMR evidence for a residual density of states at zero energy in superconductingBaFe2(As0.67P0.33)2

(2010) Yusuke Nakai et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Calculated cleavage behavior and surface states of LaOFeAs

(2010) Helmut Eschrig et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Probing order parameter structure in iron-based superconductors using vortices

(2010) Eugeniu Plamadeala et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

2×2structure and charge inhomogeneity at the surface of superconductingBaFe2−xCoxAs2(x=0–0.32)

(2010) Hui Zhang et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Surface structures of ternary iron arsenidesAFe2As2(A=Ba, Sr, or Ca)

(2010) Miao Gao et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Orbital order and spontaneous orthorhombicity in iron pnictides

(2010) C.-C. Chen et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Superconductivity in the iron selenideKxFe2Se2(0≤x≤1.0)

(2010) Jiangang Guo et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Different response of the crystal structure to isoelectronic doping inBaFe2(As1−xPx)2and(Ba1−xSrx)Fe2As2

(2010) Marianne Rotter et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Uniaxial-strain mechanical detwinning ofCaFe2As2andBaFe2As2crystals: Optical and transport study

(2010) M. A. Tanatar et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Evolution from non-Fermi- to Fermi-liquid transport via isovalent doping inBaFe2(As1−xPx)2superconductors

(2010) S. Kasahara et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Superconductivity without Nesting in LiFeAs

(2010) S. V. Borisenko et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Quasiparticle Interference in the Spin-Density Wave Phase of Iron-Based Superconductors

(2010) J. Knolle et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Local Quasiparticle Density of States of SuperconductingSmFeAsO1−xFxSingle Crystals: Evidence for Spin-Mediated Pairing

(2010) Y. Fasano et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Anomalous Suppression of the Orthorhombic Lattice Distortion in SuperconductingBa(Fe1−xCox)2As2Single Crystals

(2010) S. Nandi et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

A scanning tunneling microscope for a dilution refrigerator

(2010) M. Marz et al.   REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS

Electron Nematic Phases Proliferate

(2010) E. Fradkin et al.   SCIENCE

Nematic Electronic Structure in the "Parent" State of the Iron-Based Superconductor Ca(Fe1-xCox)2As2

(2010) T.-M. Chuang et al.   SCIENCE

Unconventional s-Wave Superconductivity in Fe(Se,Te)

(2010) T. Hanaguri et al.   SCIENCE

In-Plane Resistivity Anisotropy in an Underdoped Iron Arsenide Superconductor

(2010) J.-H. Chu et al.   SCIENCE

The crystal structure of

(2010) M. Tegel et al.   SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS

Electronic, magnetic and optical properties of two Fe-based superconductors and related parent compounds

(2010) R Jin et al.   SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

New Fe-based superconductors: properties relevant for applications

(2010) M Putti et al.   SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Anisotropic structure of the order parameter in FeSe0.45Te0.55 revealed by angle-resolved specific heat

(2010) B. Zeng et al.   Nature Communications

Flux growth at ambient pressure of millimeter-sized single crystals of LaFeAsO, LaFeAsO1−xFx, and LaFe1−xCoxAsO

(2009) J.-Q. Yan et al.   APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS

Small anisotropy, weak thermal fluctuations, and high field superconductivity in Co-doped iron pnictide Ba(Fe1−xCox)2As2

(2009) A. Yamamoto et al.   APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS

Antiferromagnetic correlation and the pairing mechanism of the cuprates and iron pnictides: A view from the functional renormalization group studies

(2009) Fa Wang et al.   EPL

The intrinsic electronic phase diagram of iron-oxypnictide superconductors

(2009) C. Hess et al.   EPL

Topological surface states protected from backscattering by chiral spin texture

(2009) Pedram Roushan et al.   NATURE

The electronic phase diagram of the LaO1−xF x FeAs superconductor

(2009) H. Luetkens et al.   NATURE MATERIALS

Origin of spatial charge inhomogeneity in graphene

(2009) Yuanbo Zhang et al.   Nature Physics

Single vortex structure in two models of iron pnictide s±superconductivity

(2009) M A N Araújo et al.   NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS

Superconductivity induced by Ni doping in BaFe2As2single crystals

(2009) L J Li et al.   NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS

Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy on iron-pnictides

(2009) Yi Yin et al.   PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS

Pairing symmetry and pairing state in ferropnictides: Theoretical overview

(2009) I.I. Mazin et al.   PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS

ARPES studies of the electronic structure of LaOFe(P,As)

(2009) D.H. Lu et al.   PHYSICA C-SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS

Local density of states and superconducting gap in the iron chalcogenide superconductorFe1+δSe1−xTexobserved by scanning tunneling spectroscopy

(2009) Takuya Kato et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Quasiparticle scattering interference in superconducting iron pnictides

(2009) Yan-Yang Zhang et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Vortex states in iron-based superconductors with collinear antiferromagnetic cores

(2009) Hong-Min Jiang et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Model for nodal quasiparticle scattering in a disordered vortex lattice

(2009) Marianna Maltseva et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

High-resolution, hard x-ray photoemission investigation ofBaFe2As2: Moderate influence of the surface and evidence for a low degree ofFe 3d–As 4phybridization of electronic states near the Fermi energy

(2009) S. de Jong et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Vortex core states in a minimal two-band model for iron-based superconductors

(2009) Xiang Hu et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Nanoscale superconducting-gap variations and lack of phase separation in optimally dopedBaFe1.86Co0.14As2

(2009) F. Massee et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Pnictogen height as a possible switch between high-Tcnodeless and low-Tcnodal pairings in the iron-based superconductors

(2009) Kazuhiko Kuroki et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Antiferromagnetically driven electronic correlations in iron pnictides and cuprates

(2009) Hui Zhai et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Cleavage surfaces of theBaFe2−xCoxAs2andFeySe1−xTexsuperconductors: A combined STM plus LEED study

(2009) F. Massee et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Spin-orbital frustrations and anomalous metallic state in iron-pnictide superconductors

(2009) Frank Krüger et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Transition of stoichiometricSr2VO3FeAsto a superconducting state at 37.2 K

(2009) Xiyu Zhu et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

First-order magnetic and structural phase transitions inFe1+ySexTe1−x

(2009) Shiliang Li et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Orbital ordering induces structural phase transition and the resistivity anomaly in iron pnictides

(2009) Weicheng Lv et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Unconventional London Penetration Depth in Single-CrystalBa(Fe0.93Co0.07)2As2Superconductors

(2009) R. T. Gordon et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Evidence for a Nodal-Line Superconducting State in LaFePO

(2009) J. D. Fletcher et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Spectroscopic Imaging Scanning Tunneling Microscopy as a Probe of Orbital Structures and Ordering

(2009) Wei-Cheng Lee et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Evidence for a Nodal Energy Gap in the Iron-Pnictide Superconductor LaFePO from Penetration Depth Measurements by Scanning SQUID Susceptometry

(2009) Clifford W. Hicks et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Surface Geometric and Electronic Structures ofBaFe2As2(001)

(2009) V. B. Nascimento et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Ferro-Orbital Order and Strong Magnetic Anisotropy in the Parent Compounds of Iron-Pnictide Superconductors

(2009) Chi-Cheng Lee et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy and Vortex Imaging in the Iron Pnictide SuperconductorBaFe1.8Co0.2As2

(2009) Yi Yin et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Distinct Pseudogap and Quasiparticle Relaxation Dynamics in the Superconducting State of Nearly Optimally DopedSmFeAsO0.8F0.2Single Crystals

(2009) T. Mertelj et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Tetragonal-to-Orthorhombic Structural Phase Transition at 90 K in the SuperconductorFe1.01Se

(2009) T. M. McQueen et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Fermi surface nesting induced strong pairing in iron-based superconductors

(2009) K. Terashima et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Coherence Factors in a High-Tc Cuprate Probed by Quasi-Particle Scattering Off Vortices

(2009) T. Hanaguri et al.   SCIENCE

Extending Universal Nodal Excitations Optimizes Superconductivity in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+ 

(2009) A. Pushp et al.   SCIENCE

Possible high temperature superconductivity in a Ti-doped A–Sc–Fe–As–O (A = Ca, Sr) system

(2009) G F Chen et al.   SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Superconductivity at 17 K in (Fe2P2)(Sr4Sc2O6): a new superconducting layered pnictide oxide with a thick perovskite oxide layer

(2009) Hiraku Ogino et al.   SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Critical fields and anisotropy of NdFeAsO0.82F0.18 single crystals

(2008) Ying Jia et al.   APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS

High pressure synthesis of late rare earth RFeAs(O,F) superconductors; R = Tb and Dy

(2008) Jan-Willem G. Bos et al.   CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS

Nodal Gap in Fe-Based Layered Superconductor LaO0.9F0.1-δ FeAs Probed by Specific Heat Measurements

(2008) Mu Gang et al.   CHINESE PHYSICS LETTERS

Point-contact spectroscopy of iron-based layered superconductor LaO0.9F0.1−δFeAs

(2008) Lei Shan et al.   EPL

Superconductivity in the iron-based F-doped layered quaternary compound Nd[O1 − x Fx]FeAs

(2008) Zhi-An Ren et al.   EPL

Observation of Fermi-surface–dependent nodeless superconducting gaps in Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2

(2008) H. Ding et al.   EPL

Thorium-doping–induced superconductivity up to 56 K in Gd1−xThxFeAsO

(2008) Cao Wang et al.   EPL

Superconductivity up to 29 K in SrFe2As2and BaFe2As2at high pressures

(2008) Patricia L Alireza et al.   JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER

Iron-Based Layered Superconductor La[O1-xFx]FeAs (x= 0.05−0.12) withTc= 26 K

(2008) Yoichi Kamihara et al.   JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY

75As-NQR/NMR Studies on Oxygen-Deficient Iron-Based Oxypnictide Superconductors LaFeAsO1-y(y= 0, 0.25, 0.4) and NdFeAsO0.6

(2008) Hidekazu Mukuda et al.   JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN

Evidence for Unconventional Superconductivity in Arsenic-Free Iron-Based Superconductor FeSe: A77Se-NMR Study

(2008) Hisashi Kotegawa et al.   JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN

Limits on the Superconducting Order Parameter in NdFeAsO1-xFyfrom Scanning SQUID Microscopy

(2008) Clifford W. Hicks et al.   JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN

Superconductivity at 52 K in iron based F doped layered quaternary compound Pr[O1–xFx]FeAs

(2008) Z. A. Ren et al.   MATERIALS RESEARCH INNOVATIONS

Two-band superconductivity in LaFeAsO0.89F0.11 at very high magnetic fields

(2008) F. Hunte et al.   NATURE

Electronic structure of the iron-based superconductor LaOFeP

(2008) D. H. Lu et al.   NATURE

Superconductivity at 43 K in SmFeAsO1-xFx

(2008) X. H. Chen et al.   NATURE

Unconventional superconductivity in Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2 from inelastic neutron scattering

(2008) A. D. Christianson et al.   NATURE

Evolution of the electronic excitation spectrum with strongly diminishing hole density in superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ

(2008) J. W. Alldredge et al.   Nature Physics

A key role for unusual spin dynamics in ferropnictides

(2008) I. I. Mazin et al.   Nature Physics

In situ doping control of the surface of high-temperature superconductors

(2008) M. A. Hossain et al.   Nature Physics

Mechanics of individual isolated vortices in a cuprate superconductor

(2008) Ophir M. Auslaender et al.   Nature Physics

Anisotropic thermodynamic and transport properties of single-crystallineBa1−xKxFe2As2(x=0and 0.45)

(2008) N. Ni et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

F19NMR investigation of the iron pnictide superconductorLaFeAsO0.89F0.11

(2008) K. Ahilan et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Doping evolution of antiferromagnetic order and structural distortion inLaFeAsO1−xFx

(2008) Q. Huang et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Scanning tunneling spectroscopy ofSmFeAsO0.85: Possible evidence ford-wave order-parameter symmetry

(2008) Oded Millo et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Lattice and magnetic instabilities inCaFe2As2: A single-crystal neutron diffraction study

(2008) A. I. Goldman et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Momentum dependence of superconducting gap, strong-coupling dispersion kink, and tightly bound Cooper pairs in the high-Tc(Sr,Ba)1−x(K,Na)xFe2As2superconductors

(2008) L. Wray et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Ising and spin orders in the iron-based superconductors

(2008) Cenke Xu et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Theory of electron nematic order in LaFeAsO

(2008) Chen Fang et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW B

As75NMR Studies of SuperconductingLaFeAsO0.9F0.1

(2008) H.-J. Grafe et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Coexistence of Competing Orders with Two Energy Gaps in Real and Momentum Space in the High Temperature SuperconductorBi2Sr2−xLaxCuO6+δ

(2008) J.-H. Ma et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Field and Temperature Dependence of the Superfluid Density inLaFeAsO1−xFxSuperconductors: A Muon Spin Relaxation Study

(2008) H. Luetkens et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Neutron-Diffraction Measurements of Magnetic Order and a Structural Transition in the ParentBaFe2As2Compound of FeAs-Based High-Temperature Superconductors

(2008) Q. Huang et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Origin of the Spin Density Wave Instability inAFe2As2(A=Ba,Sr) as Revealed by Optical Spectroscopy

(2008) W. Z. Hu et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Superconductivity at 22 K in Co-DopedBaFe2As2Crystals

(2008) Athena S. Sefat et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Superconductivity at 41 K and Its Competition with Spin-Density-Wave Instability in LayeredCeO1−xFxFeAs

(2008) G. F. Chen et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Momentum Dependence of the Superconducting Gap inNdFeAsO0.9F0.1Single Crystals Measured by Angle Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy

(2008) Takeshi Kondo et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Model for the Magnetic Order and Pairing Channels in Fe Pnictide Superconductors

(2008) M. Daghofer et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Density Functional Study ofLaFeAsO1−xFx: A Low Carrier Density Superconductor Near Itinerant Magnetism

(2008) D. J. Singh et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Unconventional Superconductivity with a Sign Reversal in the Order Parameter ofLaFeAsO1−xFx

(2008) I. I. Mazin et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Superconductivity at 38 K in the Iron Arsenide(Ba1−xKx)Fe2As2

(2008) Marianne Rotter et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Unconventional Pairing Originating from the Disconnected Fermi Surfaces of SuperconductingLaFeAsO1−xFx

(2008) Kazuhiko Kuroki et al.   PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Superconductivity in the PbO-type structure  -FeSe

(2008) F.-C. Hsu et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Two gaps make a high-temperature superconductor?

(2008) S Hüfner et al.   REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS