Article
Engineering, Marine
Jing Wang, Jinbo Xie, Yingjie Wu, Chen Wang, Fayun Liang
Summary: This paper investigates a new scour protection measure using solidified soil through a simplified scour resistance test. The results show that the solidification state of the soil has a significant impact on the scour resistance.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Ocean
Fengpeng Zhang, Xuguang Chen, Jiahao Yan, Xingzheng Gao
Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive review of the latest advancements in preventing scouring for offshore wind turbine monopile foundations. It categorizes scour countermeasures into three groups and provides a detailed overview of more than twenty measures. Furthermore, a comprehensive comparison and evaluation of these measures have been conducted, analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of each.
APPLIED OCEAN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Javier Sarmiento, Raul Guanche, Arantza Iturrioz, Teresa Ojanguren, Alberto Avila, Cesar Yanes
Summary: This article presents an experimental method for laboratory analysis of scour protection for jacket foundations placed at morphodynamically active sites and explores the importance of morphodynamic changes on the sea bottom to scour protection. The experimental results show that the deformation of the rock scour protection was greatest when the most energetic sea states occurred at the beginning of the test campaign.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Hongwang Ma, Chen Chen
Summary: This study investigated the impact of scour protection on the natural frequency and lateral responses of monopile-supported offshore wind turbines. The results show that scour protection has minimal effects on monopile behavior under ULS and FLS, but significantly decreases pile head rotation at mudline under SLS.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maryam Golbazi, Cristina L. Archer, Stefano Alessandrini
Summary: This study used high-resolution numerical simulations to investigate the surface meteorological impacts of large offshore wind farms equipped with extreme-scale wind turbines. The results showed that the impacts are statistically significant but negligible in magnitude.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Marine
Tiago Fazeres-Ferradosa, Joao Chambel, Francisco Taveira-Pinto, Paulo Rosa-Santos, Francisco V. C. Taveira-Pinto, Gianmaria Giannini, Piet Haerens
Summary: Offshore wind is currently the most developed sector of marine renewable energy commercially. The optimization of offshore wind foundations, particularly in terms of scour protections, is crucial for further competitiveness. This paper offers an overview of recent improvements and challenges in scour protections for offshore wind turbines, highlighting the importance of ongoing research in this field.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Clara Matutano Molina, Christian Velasco-Gallego, Nerea Portillo-Juan, Vicente Negro Valdecantos, Nieves Cubo-Mateo
Summary: Climate change has emphasized the importance of promoting renewable energies, particularly in the offshore wind industry. This study suggests the use of data mining techniques and analytical tools to inform political strategies and planning decisions for offshore renewable energy projects. Through analyzing real data, strategic decisions based on data analysis can lead to more suitable and optimal infrastructures.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Rui He, Amir M. Kaynia, Jinhai Zheng, Jisheng Zhang
Summary: The effect of gap and scour on the dynamic behavior of monopiles is studied using a rigorous semi-analytical method. Displacement-controlled and force-controlled impedances are defined to control the dynamic behavior of the supported structure and the foundation, respectively. The study finds that the two kinds of impedances have different sensitivities to gap and scour, and increasing the pile thickness can reduce the adverse effect of gap and scour.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Helen Dingle, Robin Price, Ana Vega Kurson, George Walker
Summary: This paper describes the geotechnical considerations in assessing the fatigue lives of offshore wind foundations over their lifetime, including the potential for life extension. A new analysis tool was used to reassess the fatigue lives of monopile foundations at a wind farm experiencing significant scour, and the fatigue reassessment was based on in-service loads calculated from an innovative monitoring system. The use of advanced soil structure modelling techniques, coupled with in-service load data and explicit modelling of scour effects, has enabled a more accurate assessment of fatigue lives.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Zihao Tang, Bruce Melville, Asaad Shamseldin, Dawei Guan, Naresh Singhal, Zishun Yao
Summary: This study focuses on the efficiency of collars as a local scour countermeasure at windfarm monopile foundations. Different sizes and elevations of collars were tested under various flow intensities. Three-dimensional digital elevation maps were used for scour topography analysis. A comprehensive equation for predicting the equilibrium scour depth with collar protection is presented, along with equations for predicting the plan dimensions of the scour hole and evaluating collar protection efficiency.
COASTAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mingda Yang, Yanli Tang, Fenfang Zhao, Shiji Xu
Summary: The integration of offshore wind power and marine ranches has the potential to improve the ecological friendliness of offshore wind power and contribute to the development of the marine economy. Artificial reefs (ARs) placed around offshore wind foundations (OWFs) can effectively reduce scour around the OWF. A numerical model is used to study the arrangements of ARs, with results showing that different arrangements have different effects on scour protection around the OWF.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Jiale Li, Yaohua Guo, Jijian Lian, Haijun Wang
Summary: Offshore wind energy, a key component of renewable energy, is becoming increasingly important in the global energy system transformation, with a focus on deep sea and large capacity. The stability and safety of support structures during operation are crucial for generators, making accurate prediction of seabed scour patterns, assessment of foundation bearing capacity after scouring, and selection of scour protection methods particularly important for offshore wind turbine foundations (OWTFs). This review summarizes over 270 papers on different types of OWTF scour, providing valuable insights into the mechanism, assessment, and countermeasures of scour in OWTFs.
Article
Engineering, Ocean
Yujie Li, Zhen Guo, Lizhong Wang, Hua Yang, Yilong Li, Jianfeng Zhu
Summary: This paper investigates the use of microbial induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) as an environmentally friendly technology for protecting against local scour around monopile foundations. The study conducted a series of tests in a large section flume to observe the development of scour and analyze the effectiveness of MICP and riprap. Results show that MICP significantly reduces the maximum scour depth, with the scour hole completely disappearing after multiple treatments. The study also proposes quantitative relationships between protective strength ratio, maximum scour depth, and CaCO3 content. The formation of spherical crystals and inverted cone-shape cementation plays a crucial role in enhancing cohesion and resisting different types of flow patterns. It is important to consider the balance between MICP protection and edge scour.
APPLIED OCEAN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Gabrielle Froese, Shan Yu Ku, Ali C. Kheirabadi, Ryozo Nagamune
Summary: This paper proposes a method to optimize the layout design of floating offshore wind farms (FOWFs) by adjusting the axial induction factor and nacelle yaw angle of each turbine to realize the repositioning of floating platforms, aiming to maximize energy efficiency.
Article
Fisheries
Jolien Buyse, Kris Hostens, Steven Degraer, Annelies De Backer
Summary: This study investigated the distribution of plaice in two Belgian offshore wind farms after the introduction of hard substrate. The results showed that the abundance of plaice was significantly higher on the sandy patches of the hard substrate, and wind farms can act as refuge areas for plaice under specific conditions.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jose Manuel Oliver, Maria Dolores Esteban, Jose-Santos Lopez-Gutierrez, Vicente Negro, Maria Graca Neves
Summary: Artificial neural networks are powerful elements in analyzing and predicting non-linear processes, especially in the field of prediction. By utilizing statistical techniques and clustering methods, a predictive model can be constructed to forecast overtopping rates for coastal or harbor defense structures, leading to potential conversion into Waves Energy Converters.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Fabio Pereira, Maria Graca Neves, Jose-Santos Lopez-Gutierrez, Maria Dolores Esteban, Vicente Negro
Summary: The correct calculation of forces and moments caused by wave action over crown wall structures is critical for their design. Several existing equations are available for this purpose, with each showing varying levels of conservatism and accuracy. The study on the Ericeira rubble mound breakwater in Portugal highlighted the importance of considering sea level rise and armor damage in design maintenance, with different equations providing conservative estimates for different scenarios.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Ocean
Zhipeng Zang, Yanfei Chen, Jinfeng Zhang, Yinghui Tian, M. Dolores Esteban
Summary: The experiments consist of two parts: studying the equilibrium scour depth on a silty seabed under clear-water conditions below a fixed pipeline, and investigating the effects of pipeline position and depth of the scour trench on vortex-induced vibration (VIV) for an elastic-mounted pipeline over the scour trench. Results showed that the existing formula for sandy seabeds overestimated the equilibrium scour depth on silty seabeds, and a new formula with a reduction coefficient was proposed. Furthermore, the onset reduced velocity for VIV was larger for a pipeline over a scour trench compared to other conditions, due to the sheltering effect of the scour trench on vortex shedding behind the pipeline.
APPLIED OCEAN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Kerman Vazquez, Raul Ruben Rodriguez, M. Dolores Esteban
Summary: This article investigates the corrosion of reinforcement in concrete structures in offshore wind farms and develops a tool to predict the diameter loss. The results indicate that the proposed combination model provides accurate prediction results. This is a valuable tool for operators of offshore wind farms.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Nerea Portillo Juan, Vicente Negro Valdecantos, M. Dolores Esteban, Jose Santos Lopez Gutierrez
Summary: Wave energy is a powerful and challenging source of renewable energy. The performance and geometric optimization of wave energy converters are key areas of research.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Marine
K. Vazquez, R. R. Rodriguez, M. D. Esteban
Summary: The growth of offshore wind over the next decade will be significant, and reducing O&M costs will be crucial for its sustainable development. This article analyzes the maintenance problems of monopiles, the most widely used foundation type in offshore wind farms, and proposes an optimal maintenance plan and inventory procedure to reduce costs and prioritize resources.
Article
Oceanography
Andrea Gonzalez-Gutierrez, M. Dolores Esteban, Raill R. Rodriguez, Gonzalo Fernandez, Jose-Santos Lopez-Gutierrez, Jose Ignacio Yenes, Antonio Cantero
Summary: Ports are crucial to the economic engine of a country, playing a vital role in maritime transport. Naval bases, as a type of port, contribute significantly to the protection and defense of a nation's territorial waters. The increasing threat of terrorism has made military ports a target. Efforts have been made to prevent similar attacks, such as the development of critical infrastructure concepts and the ISPS(Code). Risk management can aid in facing terrorist attacks and updating infrastructure.
OCEAN & COASTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Jose Sande, Maria Graca Neves, Jose-Santos Lopez-Gutierrez, M. Dolores Esteban, Andres Figuero, Vicente Negro
Summary: This study monitored the wave pressure in the crown wall structure of Punta Langosteira port in A Coruna, Spain, during the winters of 2017 and 2018. The metocean variables were also measured on a nearby buoy. The results show the behavior of the pressures on a crown wall protected by armor, and highlight the relevance of the armor roughness.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Marine
K. Vazquez, R. R. Rodriguez, M. D. Esteban
Summary: In order to ensure the sustainable development of offshore wind farms, this article proposes an inventory proposal for gravity-based support structures (GBS). By analyzing data from 17 wind farms, the article presents a comprehensive inventory proposal for GBS foundations, which demonstrates its applicability and functionality through testing.
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Seyed Behbood Issa Zadeh, Jose Santos Lopez Gutierrez, M. Dolores Esteban, Gonzalo Fernandez-Sanchez, Claudia Lizette Garay-Rondero
Summary: Seaport activities contribute 3% to global carbon emissions. Ports, as important industrial and financial centers, engage in activities that can increase their greenhouse gas emissions. The 13th sustainable development goal emphasizes the need to balance these activities with environmental considerations. This scoping review examines ideas and approaches to reduce carbon footprints in seaports, including energy management systems, infrastructure improvements, and specific policies and laws. The findings highlight the importance of transitioning to intelligent systems and renewable energy sources.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Seyed Behbood Issa Zadeh, Jose Santos Lopez Gutierrez, M. Dolores Esteban, Gonzalo Fernandez-Sanchez, Claudia Lizette Garay-Rondero
Summary: According to the 2020 European Sea Ports Organization Environmental Report, ports are the second biggest environmental concern for climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions. Furthermore, the International Association of Ports and Harbors determined that seaports are carbon-intensive and environmentally harmful because of increased commercial and non-commercial activities surrounding them. Thus, this study aims to provide a reference framework for estimating the Carbon Footprint in ports through an innovative method.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Marine
M. Dolores Esteban, Jose-Santos Lopez-Gutierrez, Vicente Negro, M. Graca Neves
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Cameron Bracken, Nathalie Voisin, Casey D. Burleyson, Allison M. Campbell, Z. Jason Hou, Daniel Broman
Summary: This study presents a methodology and dataset for examining compound wind and solar energy droughts, as well as the first standardized benchmark of energy droughts across the Continental United States (CONUS) for a 2020 infrastructure. The results show that compound wind and solar droughts have distinct spatial and temporal patterns across the CONUS, and the characteristics of energy droughts are regional. The study also finds that compound high load events occur more often during compound wind and solar droughts than expected.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ning Zhang, Yanghao Yu, Jiawei Wu, Ershun Du, Shuming Zhang, Jinyu Xiao
Summary: This paper provides insights into the optimal configuration of CSP plants with different penetrations of wind power by proposing an unconstrained optimization model. The results suggest that large solar multiples and TES are preferred in order to maximize profit, especially when combined with high penetrations of wind and photovoltaic plants. Additionally, the study demonstrates the economy and feasibility of installing electric heaters (EH) in CSP plants, which show a linear correlation with the penetration of variable energy resources.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
M. Szubel, K. Papis-Fraczek, S. Podlasek
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
J. Silva, J. C. Goncalves, C. Rocha, J. Vilaca, L. M. Madeira
Summary: This study investigated the methanation of CO2 in biogas and compared two different methanation reactors. The results showed that the cooled reactor without CO2 separation achieved a CO2 conversion rate of 91.8%, while the adiabatic reactors achieved conversion rates of 59.6% and 67.2%, resulting in an overall conversion rate of 93.0%. Economic analysis revealed negative net present worth values, indicating the need for government monetary incentives.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yang Liu, Yonglan Xi, Xiaomei Ye, Yingpeng Zhang, Chengcheng Wang, Zhaoyan Jia, Chunhui Cao, Ting Han, Jing Du, Xiangping Kong, Zhongbing Chen
Summary: This study investigated the effect of using nanofiber membrane composites containing Prussian blue-like compound nanoparticles (PNPs) to relieve ammonia nitrogen inhibition of rural organic household waste during high-solid anaerobic digestion and increase methane production. The results showed that adding NMCs with 15% PNPs can lower the concentrations of volatile fatty acids and ammonia nitrogen, and increase methane yield.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhong Ge, Xiaodong Wang, Jian Li, Jian Xu, Jianbin Xie, Zhiyong Xie, Ruiqu Ma
Summary: This study evaluates the thermodynamic, exergy, and economic performance of a double-stage organic flash cycle (DOFC) using ten eco-friendly hydrofluoroolefins. The influences of key parameters on performance are analyzed, and the advantages of DOFC over single-stage type are quantified.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nicolas Kirchner-Bossi, Fernando Porte-Agel
Summary: This study investigates the optimization of power density in wind farms and its sensitivity to the available area size. A novel genetic algorithm (PDGA) is introduced to optimize power density and turbine layout. The results show that the PDGA-driven solutions significantly reduce the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) compared to the default layout, and exhibit a convex relationship between area and LCOE or power density.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chunxiao Zhang, Dongdong Li, Lin Wang, Qingpo Yang, Yutao Guo, Wei Zhang, Chao Shen, Jihong Pu
Summary: In this study, a novel reversible liquid-filled energy-saving window that effectively regulates indoor solar radiation heat gain is proposed. Experimental results show that this window can effectively reduce indoor temperature during both summer and winter seasons, while having minimal impact on indoor illuminance.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Alessandro L. Aguiar, Martinho Marta-Almeida, Mauro Cirano, Janini Pereira, Leticia Cotrim da Cunha
Summary: This study analyzed the Brazilian Equatorial Shelf using a high-resolution ocean model and found significant tidal variations in the area. Several hypothetical barrages were proposed with higher annual power generation than existing barrages. The study also evaluated the installation effort of these barrages.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Francesco Superchi, Nathan Giovannini, Antonis Moustakis, George Pechlivanoglou, Alessandro Bianchini
Summary: This study focuses on the optimization of a hybrid power station on the Tilos island in Greece, aiming to increase energy export and revenue by optimizing energy fluxes. Different scenarios are proposed to examine the impact of different agreements with the grid operator on the optimal solution.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Peimaneh Shirazi, Amirmohammad Behzadi, Pouria Ahmadi, Sasan Sadrizadeh
Summary: This research presents two novel energy production/storage/usage systems to reduce energy consumption and environmental effects in buildings. A biomass-fired model and a solar-driven system integrated with photovoltaic thermal (PVT) panels and a heat pump were designed and assessed. The results indicate that the solar-based system has an acceptable energy cost and the PVT-based system with a heat pump is environmentally superior. The biomass-fired system shows excellent efficiency.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zihao Qi, Yingling Cai, Yunxiang Cui
Summary: This study aims to investigate the operational characteristics of the solar-ground source heat pump system (SGSHPS) in Shanghai under different operation modes. It concludes that tandem operation mode 1 is the optimal mode for winter operation in terms of energy efficiency.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
L. Bartolucci, S. Cordiner, A. Di Carlo, A. Gallifuoco, P. Mele, V. Mulone
Summary: Spent coffee grounds are a valuable biogenic waste that can be used as a source of biofuels and valuable chemicals through pyrolysis and solvent extraction processes. The study found that heavy organic bio-oil derived from coffee grounds can be used as a carbon-rich biofuel, while solvent extraction can extract xantines and p-benzoquinone, which are important chemicals for various industries. The results highlight the promising potential of solvent extraction in improving the economic viability of coffee grounds pyrolysis-based biorefineries.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Luiza de Queiroz Correa, Diego Bagnis, Pedro Rabelo Melo Franco, Esly Ferreira da Costa Junior, Andrea Oliveira Souza da Costa
Summary: Building-integrated photovoltaics, especially organic solar technology, are important for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the building sector. This study analyzed the performance of organic panels laminated in glass in a vertical installation in Latin America. Results showed that glass lamination and vertical orientation preserved the panels' performance and led to higher energy generation in winter.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhipei Hu, Shuo Jiang, Zhigao Sun, Jun Li
Summary: This study proposes innovative fin arrangements to enhance the thermal performance of latent heat storage units. Through optimization of fin distribution and prediction of transient melting behaviors, it is found that fin structures significantly influence heat transfer characteristics and melting behaviors.
