Article
Energy & Fuels
Annette Werth, Pietro Gravino, Giulio Prevedello
Summary: The study found that during the COVID-19 pandemic, most European countries experienced a significant decrease in electricity generation, with a notable drop in energy consumption. Additionally, there was an increase in renewable energy generation, as well as fossil gas in some countries. The European grid helped balance these changes by increasing both energy exports and imports, with some countries transitioning from net exporters to net importers.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Govinda R. Timilsina
Summary: Renewable energy technologies, especially solar and wind energy technologies, have experienced a rapid decline in costs over the past two decades, making them cost-competitive with fossil fuel technologies. However, there is currently no consensus on the cost competitiveness due to wide variations in factors influencing LCOEs across countries and technologies.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Abbas Asakereh, Mohsen Soleymani, Seyed Mohammad Safieddin Ardebili
Summary: This study developed a fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making method for ranking renewable power generation technologies, with results indicating that solar photovoltaics and concentrated solar power are the top choices in Khuzestan province, Iran.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2022)
Article
Economics
Yvan Ayuketah, Samuel Gyamfi, Felix Amankwah Diawuo, Athanasios S. Dagoumas
Summary: In an effort to tackle power sector issues and meet its developmental goals, Cameroon has implemented various policies and masterplans. However, these policies have not had the desired impact, resulting in persisting issues and the country falling short of its milestones. This research examines the implications of stated and clean energy policies on Cameroon's future electricity generation system, highlighting the need for increased renewable energy targets to achieve economic and emission savings.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Belqasem Aljafari, Saeed Alqaed, Jawed Mustafa, Fahad Awjah Almehmadi, Mohsen Sharifpur
Summary: Background: In Saudi Arabia, electricity consumption has increased due to population growth, economic development, and infrastructure improvement. However, no study has been conducted on the feasibility of using solar power to supply electricity to a near-zero energy consumption community. Methods: Using HOMER 2.68 software, this study evaluates a solar system connected to the grid with battery backup for a community in Najran. Findings: It is not cost-effective to use batteries on a large scale in this location. The best option is a 50 MW solar power plant with a 40 MW electric converter, providing 98% of the load at a lower cost and preventing the release of 57.4 thousand tons of pollutants annually.
JOURNAL OF THE TAIWAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Leslie Herding, Rafael Cossent, Michel Rivier, Jose Pablo Chaves-avila, Tomas Gomez
Summary: In the energy transition, EU member states are aiming to install significant amounts of intermittent renewable generation capacity. Despite increasing network investment costs, the integration of high RES shares into electricity grids reduces operating costs compared to non-RES pathways.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY GRIDS & NETWORKS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Rachel E. Scroggins, Jillian P. Fry, Mark T. Brown, Roni A. Neff, Frank Asche, James L. Anderson, David C. Love
Summary: Fisheries and aquaculture industries heavily rely on fossil fuels, but there is a need to transition to renewable energy for reducing carbon emissions and achieving global planetary health goals. This study found that renewable energy makes up a small proportion of energy use in catfish aquaculture and wild-caught salmon sectors in the United States. Barriers to implementing onsite renewables include cheap electricity costs and diurnal energy use in the catfish industry, and the short duration of the fishing season in the wild-caught salmon industry. However, there is a desire for more regional renewable energy technologies in the wild-caught salmon industry to lower electricity costs and increase reliability.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Development Studies
Jerry Patchell, Roger Hayter
Summary: Leading tech companies like Amazon, Apple, Facebook, Google and Microsoft have negotiated long-term contracts with electricity utilities to power cloud data centers with renewable energy. This transformation is explained through Williamson's framework, encompassing embedded values, regulatory environment, interfirm governance and resource allocation. Geographically, this framework extends to consider regional and national interactions necessary for locating and diffusing renewable energy-driven data centers across the USA.
CAMBRIDGE JOURNAL OF REGIONS ECONOMY AND SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Fengcheng Liu, Ruoqiang Feng, Konstantinos Daniel Tsavdaridis
Summary: The paper presents an efficient design approach based on Coulomb's law for generating well-shaped and fluent grids for free-form grid structural design. By considering nodes as interacting particles in an electric field, the method adds nodes to the surface progressively and connects particles in equilibrium to generate the grid. Two variations of the method, point-based progressive method (PBPM) and curve-based progressive method (CBPM), are introduced based on different ways of adding particles.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dev Millstein, Ryan Wiser, Andrew D. Mills, Mark Bolinger, Joachim Seel, Seongeun Jeong
Summary: The value of electricity generated from wind and solar sources decreases as supply increases, varying over time and across regions. Strategies to mitigate this value decline need to be carefully targeted, with factors like output profile, transmission congestion, and curtailment influencing the value. In regions where wind or solar contribute approximately 20% of electricity generation, their value can be 30% to 40% lower than the regional average value of a flat output profile.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ch. Sravan, Prajna Paramita Mishra
Summary: In the era of globalization, electricity plays a vital role in achieving high economic growth. Renewable electricity, due to its sustainability, serves as a driving force for environmentally friendly economic growth compared to other forms of electricity. However, in countries with insufficient domestic electricity production, importing electricity becomes crucial to meet the increasing demand. This study explores the causal relationships between renewable electricity production, electricity imports, and electricity consumption in India. Using a Vector Error Correction model and Wald-Granger causality test, analysis reveals that greenhouse gas emissions and natural resource rents positively influence renewable electricity production. Increasing electricity consumption leads to higher electricity imports, but does not significantly impact renewable production. The results call for a focus on developing renewable electricity production systems from both producers and consumers to combat rising emission levels. Minimizing imports is recommended to maintain electricity self-sufficiency.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Lina Reichenberg, Fredrik Hedenus, Niclas Mattsson, Vilhelm Verendel
Summary: This paper examines the impact of the Eurasian interconnection on the cost of renewable energy systems. The modeling results show that the supergrid option can reduce total system cost by a maximum of 5% compared to continental grid integration. However, the benefits of a supergrid from a techno-economic perspective are generally negligible or at best modest.
Article
Economics
Benard M. Wabukala, Nicholas Mukisa, Susan Watundu, Olvar Bergland, Nichodemus Rudaheranwa, Muyiwa S. Adaramola
Summary: Renewable energy sources (RES) in Uganda face challenges in terms of affordability and theft. A study conducted a probabilistic assessment to categorize households based on electricity affordability in urban and rural areas. The study proposed alternative billing schemes to enhance legal connection and consumption of electricity. Results showed higher theft losses in rural households and a significant difference in revenue collected between urban and rural areas due to the number of legally connected households and their consumption levels. The study also highlighted the high initial connection fee and the below-average affordability of electricity for both rural and urban households in Uganda.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Carla Cristiane Sokulski, Murillo Vetroni Barros, Rodrigo Salvador, Evandro Eduardo Broday, Antonio Carlos de Francisco
Summary: The use of non-renewable energy sources increases environmental impacts. This article analyzes the trends in renewable electricity supply in the G20 countries and finds that Brazil and Canada have the largest renewable electricity matrices, while Saudi Arabia has the smallest. The countries with the highest GDP are not necessarily the largest producers of renewable electricity, and hydroelectric energy is still the dominant source. However, wind and solar energy are growing in their contribution to the electrical matrices, and other sources are showing a slow but steady increase in participation.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Sulaman Muhammad, Yanchun Pan, Xiao Ke, Mujtaba Hassan Agha, Prasad Siba Borah, Muhammad Akhtar
Summary: The European Union's fast-track transition toward renewable energy has not reduced energy poverty in the region, despite significant growth in renewable energy consumption and income per capita. In fact, at the early transition stage, renewable energy has led to higher energy prices and increased energy poverty. However, when renewable energy becomes the dominant energy supply source, it eventually helps reduce energy poverty. Additionally, good governance quality has a positive effect in reducing energy poverty, while higher electricity prices and unemployment rates promote energy poverty.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Bernadette Fina, Carolin Monsberger, Hans Auer
Summary: This paper introduces a simulation model to assess electricity flows and costs in a renewable energy community, and presents a simple estimation model for evaluating the economic viability of energy communities. The results show that dynamic allocation improves electricity use efficiency.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Andreas Fleischhacker, Carlo Corinaldesi, Georg Lettner, Hans Auer, Audun Botterud
Summary: Energy communities enable members to create value by investing in and operating distributed energy resources. This paper develops value allocation and stabilization algorithms based on cooperative game theory for energy communities. The model considers realistic relationships between energy consumers and potential outside investors, and applies it to a numerical example using data from the Austrian electricity market. The results demonstrate how value from distributed energy resources can be shared among community members, and highlight the need for capacity-based payments or expansion of limited resources to stabilize the community.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID
(2022)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Reinhard Haas, Claudia Kemfert, Hans Auer, Amela Ajanovic, Marlene Sayer, Albert Hiesl
Summary: This article reviews the relevance of storage options for electricity in terms of supply and demand balancing, costs, economics, and electricity market design. It highlights that the perspectives of electricity storage systems from an economic viewpoint are highly dependent on various factors.
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Antonia Golab, Sebastian Zwickl-Bernhard, Hans Auer
Summary: This study proposes a charging infrastructure allocation model for fast-charging stations along high-level road networks, aiming to minimize costs for infrastructure investment. The modeling framework is applied to the Austrian highway and motorway network, showing that improvements in the charging power of BEVs have the potential to reduce future infrastructure costs.
Article
Thermodynamics
Carlo Corinaldesi, Georg Lettner, Hans Auer
Summary: This study explores the economic potential of introducing an e-car-sharing system in residential buildings and proposes a simple and complete method to define the optimal investment and operation strategy. The results show that the e-car-sharing system can reduce parking space and lower costs for residential building tenants.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sebastian Zwickl-Bernhard, Hans Auer, Antonia Golab
Summary: The core objective of this study is to achieve equitable decarbonization of heat supply in residential multi-apartment rental buildings. A modeling framework is developed to determine a socially balanced financial governance support strategy between the property owner and tenants. The results show that an equitable heating system change is possible with massive public subsidy payments.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2022)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Reinhard Haas, Marlene Sayer, Amela Ajanovic, Hans Auer
Summary: The concept of technological learning is a method for anticipating cost developments in technologies. The homogeneity and modularity of a technology, as well as stable legal and regulatory conditions, are crucial for high learning rates.
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Reinhard Haas, Neven Duic, Hans Auer, Amela Ajanovic, Jasmine Ramsebner, Jaroslav Knapek, Sebastian Zwickl-Bernhard
Summary: Electricity generation from PV plants is important for decarbonization, and this paper aims to identify important conditions for future PV development. The analysis is based on historical deployment and cost developments, as well as improvements in technical and environmental performance. One major finding is that PV feed-in can have a significant impact on network capacities, requiring changes in tariff and pricing structures. Customers should receive time-variable price signals and tariffs should include components for maximum power from and to the grid. Grid parity already provides incentives for PV system purchases without additional financial support.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Nikolaus Houben, Armin Cosic, Michael Stadler, Muhammad Mansoor, Michael Zellinger, Hans Auer, Amela Ajanovic, Reinhard Haas
Summary: Microgrids can integrate variable renewable energy sources into the energy system by controlling flexible assets locally. This paper proposes a novel multi-step forecasting method to address the predictive accuracy bottleneck of optimization-based control methods in microgrids. The results show that the proposed controller can outperform a rule-based strategy by achieving significant cost and CO2 emissions savings, but the savings are reduced when forecasts are required in a realistic environment.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Christoph Loschan, Daniel Schwabeneder, Georg Lettner, Hans Auer
Summary: This paper analyzes the demand-side flexibility of electric vehicle fleets in the redispatch market and integrates it into the European electricity market model. The case study in Austria shows that using electric vehicle fleets as flexible demand can reduce curtailment of renewable energies, as well as redispatch costs and associated CO2 emissions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dominik Putz, Michael Gumhalter, Hans Auer
Summary: Energy communities play a crucial role in smart grids by integrating distributed renewable energy resources, energy storage technologies, and load management techniques. Accurate energy demand forecasts are essential for the reliable and efficient operation of power grids. This study examines the value and performance of different forecasting approaches in the context of energy communities, highlighting the importance of considering both quality and value indicators.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY GRIDS & NETWORKS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jasmine Ramsebner, Albert Hiesl, Reinhard Haas, Hans Auer, Amela Ajanovic, Gerald Mayrhofer, Andreas Reinhardt, Andreas Wimmer, Erwin Ferchhumer, Bernhard Mitterndorfer, Manfred Muehlberger, Karin Muehlberger-Habiger
Summary: One of the major challenges for the widespread acceptance of BEVs is the availability of charging infrastructure at home and its impact on the power grids. This study investigates sustainable charging infrastructure for residential buildings to minimize the grid impact and achieve almost 100% e-mobility. The use of dynamic charging control successfully reduces power capacity required for BEV charging and avoids grid peaks, resulting in user satisfaction with the charging process.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Christoph Loschan, Daniel Schwabeneder, Matthias Maldet, Georg Lettner, Hans Auer
Summary: The rapid expansion of renewable energies has the potential to decarbonize the electricity supply. The use of hydrogen provides a massive potential for this issue. This paper mainly aims to analyze the economic effects of this sector coupling between the European electricity and national hydrogen markets.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthias Maldet, Christoph Loschan, Daniel Schwabeneder, Georg Lettner, Hans Auer
Summary: This paper explores the relationship between local sustainability and energy communities, focusing on the role of municipal authorities in energy community operations. Through analysis of local market scope, investment portfolios, and market operations, an optimization framework is proposed. The results highlight differences in energy sharing and provision between municipal and local markets, and discuss the feasibility of waste incineration energy recovery. Specific municipal goals are found to increase costs for the municipality.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthias Maldet, Georg Lettner, Christoph Loschan, Daniel Schwabeneder, Hans Auer
Summary: This study explores the application of sustainability indicators in implementing the UN Sustainable Development Goals, introducing energy-and resource-related SDG indicators and analyzing three different policy paths to promote SDG contribution. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of implementing the target-setting path directly in achieving SDG targets, as well as the cost implications of incentive scheme paths.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Cameron Bracken, Nathalie Voisin, Casey D. Burleyson, Allison M. Campbell, Z. Jason Hou, Daniel Broman
Summary: This study presents a methodology and dataset for examining compound wind and solar energy droughts, as well as the first standardized benchmark of energy droughts across the Continental United States (CONUS) for a 2020 infrastructure. The results show that compound wind and solar droughts have distinct spatial and temporal patterns across the CONUS, and the characteristics of energy droughts are regional. The study also finds that compound high load events occur more often during compound wind and solar droughts than expected.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ning Zhang, Yanghao Yu, Jiawei Wu, Ershun Du, Shuming Zhang, Jinyu Xiao
Summary: This paper provides insights into the optimal configuration of CSP plants with different penetrations of wind power by proposing an unconstrained optimization model. The results suggest that large solar multiples and TES are preferred in order to maximize profit, especially when combined with high penetrations of wind and photovoltaic plants. Additionally, the study demonstrates the economy and feasibility of installing electric heaters (EH) in CSP plants, which show a linear correlation with the penetration of variable energy resources.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
M. Szubel, K. Papis-Fraczek, S. Podlasek
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
J. Silva, J. C. Goncalves, C. Rocha, J. Vilaca, L. M. Madeira
Summary: This study investigated the methanation of CO2 in biogas and compared two different methanation reactors. The results showed that the cooled reactor without CO2 separation achieved a CO2 conversion rate of 91.8%, while the adiabatic reactors achieved conversion rates of 59.6% and 67.2%, resulting in an overall conversion rate of 93.0%. Economic analysis revealed negative net present worth values, indicating the need for government monetary incentives.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yang Liu, Yonglan Xi, Xiaomei Ye, Yingpeng Zhang, Chengcheng Wang, Zhaoyan Jia, Chunhui Cao, Ting Han, Jing Du, Xiangping Kong, Zhongbing Chen
Summary: This study investigated the effect of using nanofiber membrane composites containing Prussian blue-like compound nanoparticles (PNPs) to relieve ammonia nitrogen inhibition of rural organic household waste during high-solid anaerobic digestion and increase methane production. The results showed that adding NMCs with 15% PNPs can lower the concentrations of volatile fatty acids and ammonia nitrogen, and increase methane yield.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhong Ge, Xiaodong Wang, Jian Li, Jian Xu, Jianbin Xie, Zhiyong Xie, Ruiqu Ma
Summary: This study evaluates the thermodynamic, exergy, and economic performance of a double-stage organic flash cycle (DOFC) using ten eco-friendly hydrofluoroolefins. The influences of key parameters on performance are analyzed, and the advantages of DOFC over single-stage type are quantified.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nicolas Kirchner-Bossi, Fernando Porte-Agel
Summary: This study investigates the optimization of power density in wind farms and its sensitivity to the available area size. A novel genetic algorithm (PDGA) is introduced to optimize power density and turbine layout. The results show that the PDGA-driven solutions significantly reduce the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) compared to the default layout, and exhibit a convex relationship between area and LCOE or power density.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chunxiao Zhang, Dongdong Li, Lin Wang, Qingpo Yang, Yutao Guo, Wei Zhang, Chao Shen, Jihong Pu
Summary: In this study, a novel reversible liquid-filled energy-saving window that effectively regulates indoor solar radiation heat gain is proposed. Experimental results show that this window can effectively reduce indoor temperature during both summer and winter seasons, while having minimal impact on indoor illuminance.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Alessandro L. Aguiar, Martinho Marta-Almeida, Mauro Cirano, Janini Pereira, Leticia Cotrim da Cunha
Summary: This study analyzed the Brazilian Equatorial Shelf using a high-resolution ocean model and found significant tidal variations in the area. Several hypothetical barrages were proposed with higher annual power generation than existing barrages. The study also evaluated the installation effort of these barrages.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Francesco Superchi, Nathan Giovannini, Antonis Moustakis, George Pechlivanoglou, Alessandro Bianchini
Summary: This study focuses on the optimization of a hybrid power station on the Tilos island in Greece, aiming to increase energy export and revenue by optimizing energy fluxes. Different scenarios are proposed to examine the impact of different agreements with the grid operator on the optimal solution.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Peimaneh Shirazi, Amirmohammad Behzadi, Pouria Ahmadi, Sasan Sadrizadeh
Summary: This research presents two novel energy production/storage/usage systems to reduce energy consumption and environmental effects in buildings. A biomass-fired model and a solar-driven system integrated with photovoltaic thermal (PVT) panels and a heat pump were designed and assessed. The results indicate that the solar-based system has an acceptable energy cost and the PVT-based system with a heat pump is environmentally superior. The biomass-fired system shows excellent efficiency.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zihao Qi, Yingling Cai, Yunxiang Cui
Summary: This study aims to investigate the operational characteristics of the solar-ground source heat pump system (SGSHPS) in Shanghai under different operation modes. It concludes that tandem operation mode 1 is the optimal mode for winter operation in terms of energy efficiency.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
L. Bartolucci, S. Cordiner, A. Di Carlo, A. Gallifuoco, P. Mele, V. Mulone
Summary: Spent coffee grounds are a valuable biogenic waste that can be used as a source of biofuels and valuable chemicals through pyrolysis and solvent extraction processes. The study found that heavy organic bio-oil derived from coffee grounds can be used as a carbon-rich biofuel, while solvent extraction can extract xantines and p-benzoquinone, which are important chemicals for various industries. The results highlight the promising potential of solvent extraction in improving the economic viability of coffee grounds pyrolysis-based biorefineries.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Luiza de Queiroz Correa, Diego Bagnis, Pedro Rabelo Melo Franco, Esly Ferreira da Costa Junior, Andrea Oliveira Souza da Costa
Summary: Building-integrated photovoltaics, especially organic solar technology, are important for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the building sector. This study analyzed the performance of organic panels laminated in glass in a vertical installation in Latin America. Results showed that glass lamination and vertical orientation preserved the panels' performance and led to higher energy generation in winter.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhipei Hu, Shuo Jiang, Zhigao Sun, Jun Li
Summary: This study proposes innovative fin arrangements to enhance the thermal performance of latent heat storage units. Through optimization of fin distribution and prediction of transient melting behaviors, it is found that fin structures significantly influence heat transfer characteristics and melting behaviors.
