Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Patrick C. Taylor, Kyle F. Itterly, Joe Corbett, Anthony Bucholtz, Sergio Sejas, Wenying Su, Dave Doelling, Seiji Kato
Summary: Uncertainty in Arctic top-of-atmosphere radiative flux observations is mainly due to low sun angles and heterogeneous scenes. Comparing CERES and ARISE measurements shows good agreement, but the accuracy of sea ice concentration data has a significant impact on flux differences.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
Jianfen Wei, Zhaomin Wang, Mingyi Gu, Jing-Jia Luo, Yunhe Wang
Summary: Evaluation of 22 CMIP6 models against satellite observations showed consistent spatial patterns of cloud fraction and revealed that most models overestimate cloud cover throughout the year. This bias may be attributed to the stronger cloud longwave radiation warming effect and shortwave cooling effect in the models.
ACTA OCEANOLOGICA SINICA
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
A. Dommo, Nana Ama Browne Klutse, Stephanie Fiedler, Hubert Azoda Koffi, Derbetini A. Vondou
Summary: This study investigates the seasonal variability of cloud radiative effects (CREs) over Congo Basin using 15-year observations from CERES and MODIS instruments. The study finds a net cloud cooling effect at the top of the atmosphere and at the surface, leading to a net warming effect in the atmosphere. The relationships between CREs and cloud properties are examined, and the evaluation of CMIP6 models is performed.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jia Ning
Summary: The research found that the impact of cropland expansion on land surface heat flux varies in different climate zones, with an increase in heat flux in humid areas and a decrease in dry areas. Additionally, the conversion of grasslands to croplands resulted in increased net surface radiation and latent heat flux, but to varying degrees, leading to differences in heat flux to the atmosphere in different regions.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
David W. Fillmore, David A. Rutan, Seiji Kato, Fred G. Rose, Thomas E. Caldwell
Summary: This article evaluates the aerosol optical depths (AODs) used for the CERES SYN1deg product and finds that clear-sky AODs closely match with those derived from MODIS instruments, while all-sky AODs are larger. The comparison with other data sources suggests that MATCH AODs are generally larger than MERRA-2 AODs, especially over convective regions. The positive biases in downward shortwave irradiance and AOD for desert sites may be due to dust particle size and distribution.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Rachel T. T. Pinker, Wen Chen, Yingtao Ma, Sujay Kumar, Jerry Wegiel, Eric Kemp
Summary: This study evaluates the surface shortwave radiative fluxes derived from the U.S. Air Force Cloud Depiction Forecast System II World-Wide Merged Cloud Analysis in the NASA Land Information System. The LIS/USAF product tends to overestimate the fluxes compared to ground observations and satellite estimates, but its performance is comparable or better than several reanalysis products. The LIS/USAF product fills a need for near-real-time information and is of interest to potential users.
JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Najda Villefranque, Robin J. Hogan
Summary: This study provides observational evidence for the importance of 3D effects in the horizontal transport of light in the presence of clouds, and demonstrates that only radiative transfer schemes that account for these 3D effects are able to accurately reproduce the observed direct-diffuse partition of solar fluxes.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
L. Trapman, A. D. Bosman, G. Rosotti, M. R. Hogerheijde, E. F. van Dishoeck
Summary: In viscously evolving disks, CO isotopolog line fluxes (CO-C13 and CO-O18) increase over time due to the optically thick emitting regions growing in size as the disk expands viscously. The observed disk in Lupus can be explained by chemical conversion of CO and viscous evolution, with discrepancies suggesting efficient vertical mixing or variations in disk properties.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Ocean
Tom Akkermans, Nicolas Clerbauxa
Summary: The third edition of the CM SAF Cloud, Albedo and Surface Radiation dataset from AVHRR data (CLARA-A3) includes top-of-atmosphere products for the first time, with high resolution and long time span. The products have been validated and compared with reference data.
JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Shumin Liu, Yunli Zhang, Limin Zhao, Xingfeng Chen, Ruoxuan Zhou, Fengjie Zheng, Zhiliang Li, Jiaguo Li, Hang Yang, Huafu Li, Jian Yang, Hailiang Gao, Xingfa Gu
Summary: The QUAAC method is proposed to efficiently correct high-spatial-resolution satellite images by matching the synchronized aerosol optical depth (AOD) obtained from geostationary satellites. It achieves fully automatic operation and produces better results compared to the traditional FLAASH correction method.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Zhonghai Jin, Andrew Lacis
Summary: A computationally efficient method is presented to account for horizontal cloud inhomogeneity using a radiatively equivalent plane-parallel homogeneous cloud. The algorithm accurately matches reference independent column approximation results and has the same computational time as a single plane-parallel computation.
JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yuanchong Zhang, Zhonghai Jin, Monika Sikand
Summary: This study aimed to create observation-based cloud radiative kernel datasets and evaluate them through direct comparison with cloud feedback datasets. The results showed that the CRK and CRK-derived cloud feedback were well validated, with the majority of uncertainty coming from CFC. This study also revealed the significance of surface and atmospheric cloud feedback in influencing TOA-alone feedback and the role of atmospheric longwave cloud feedback in enhancing atmospheric energy transport.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maria Angeles Obregon, Antonio Serrano, Maria Joao Costa, Ana Maria Silva
Summary: This study calculates the combined and individual effects of AOT and PWV on solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface globally, finding overall positive trends for AOT and PWV but negative trends for the effects. However, specific regions like the eastern United States, Europe, and Asia show significant positive trends for AOT and AOT-PWV effects, reflecting successful emission control policies in these areas. Overall, the study enhances understanding of the impacts of aerosols and water vapor on global solar radiation.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Tamanna Subba, Mukunda M. Gogoi, K. Krishna Moorthy, Pradip K. Bhuyan, Binita Pathak, Anirban Guha, Manoj Kumar Srivastava, B. M. Vyas, Karamjit Singh, Jayabala Krishnan, T. V. Lakshmi Kumar, S. Suresh Babu
Summary: This study estimates the regional aerosol direct radiative forcing (ARF) in the Indian region using multi-year observations and satellite data. The synergistic approach improves the accuracy of ARF estimates and avoids overestimation or underestimation of atmospheric forcing. The study also reveals that aerosols in the atmosphere reduce the surface solar radiation flux, especially during autumn and winter.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Hong Chen, Sebastian Schmidt, Michael D. King, Galina Wind, Anthony Bucholtz, Elizabeth A. Reid, Michal Segal-Rozenhaimer, William L. Smith, Patrick C. Taylor, Seiji Kato, Peter Pilewskie
Summary: The study evaluates irradiance calculated from MODIS-derived cloud properties in the Arctic and finds that the primary error is due to undetected thin clouds rather than retrieved cloud properties. The spectral surface albedo derived from airborne radiometers aligns with prior measurements and adequately represents surface variability. Passive imagery has the potential to accurately predict shortwave irradiances with improved thin cloud detection.
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yongkun Xie, Guoxiong Wu, Yimin Liu, Jianping Huang, Chen Sheng, Yao Wu
Summary: This study investigates the comprehensive potential vorticity (PV) budget over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and reveals the important role of diabatic heating, friction, gravity wave drag, advection, and convection in determining the circulation patterns over the TP. Diabatic heating generates positive and negative PV tendencies in summer, leading to cyclonic and anticyclonic circulation near the surface and the middle troposphere. The upward transportation of diabatic heating-generated low PV in the middle troposphere induces low PV in the upper troposphere, which is associated with the Asian monsoon anticyclone and monsoonal overturning circulation. Horizontal advection further spreads the low PV from the middle troposphere to a wide area around the TP in the upper troposphere. In winter, the diabatic heating-generated positive PV near the surface is balanced by sinking motion-carried low PV. Additionally, gravity wave drag-generated PV plays a significant role in the upper troposphere in winter and can impact downstream climate through advection. The diurnal cycle plays a crucial role in shaping the near-surface cyclonic circulation in summer by regulating the vertical structure of diabatic heating.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Patrick Minnis, Sunny Sun-Mack, William L. Smith, Qing Z. Trepte, Gang Hong, Yan Chen, Christopher R. Yost, Fu-Lung Chang, Rita A. Smith, Patrick W. Heck, Ping Yang
Summary: Cloud properties are crucial for the CERES Project as they allow accurate interpretation of measured radiances, understanding of global cloud-radiation interactions, and establishment of an important climate record. The CERES techniques for cloud retrievals from MODIS measurements have been adapted for VIIRS measurements to continue the record. There are discrepancies between MODIS and VIIRS cloud properties due to differences in spectral and spatial resolution, calibration inconsistencies, and new reflectance models.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jiachen Ding, Ping Yang, Lifan Wang, Elaine Oran, Norman G. G. Loeb, William L. L. Smith Jr, Patrick Minnis
Summary: Spherical harmonic (SH) expansion is a useful tool for studying variables with valid values at all latitudes and longitudes. It can represent the variable as a sum of different SH components, which are obtained by multiplying the SH functions with their expansion coefficients. The study finds correlations between SH components of cloud radiative effect (CRE) and El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Hadley Circulation (HC). The SH power spectrum component anomaly of CRE at expansion degree 2 (l=2) is strongly correlated with ENSO, and the dipole patterns in the anomaly map can be explained by ENSO's impact on cloud properties.
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Siyu Chen, Dan Zhao, Jianping Huang, Jiaqi He, Yu Chen, Junyan Chen, Hongru Bi, Gaotong Lou, Shikang Du, Yue Zhang, Fan Yang
Summary: Dust storms in China pose significant threats to agricultural production, transportation, air quality, and people's lives and property. Mongolia and the Taklimakan Desert have been identified as the main dust sources contributing to northern China. In 2023, the frequency of dust storms reached the highest level in the past decade. The study also utilized machine learning methods to forecast dust storms in March 2023, providing accurate predictions for PM10 concentrations.
ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Christopher R. Yost, Patrick Minnis, Sunny Sun-Mack, William L. Smith Jr, Qing Z. Trepte
Summary: The CERES project measures clouds and radiation using satellite instruments to establish a reliable climate data record. Evaluations show that the accuracy of the VIIRS cloud amount, phase, and top height is high, but there is room for improvement compared to experimental machine learning techniques.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaoping Liu, Renyun Guo, Xiaocong Xu, Qian Shi, Xia Li, Haipeng Yu, Yu Ren, Jianping Huang
Summary: The planet is expected to become drier due to global warming, which poses significant challenges to terrestrial species. However, the understanding of the impact of future aridity on biodiversity is limited. This study predicts the future dynamics of vertebrate biodiversity loss driven by increasing aridity, showing that a large proportion of assemblages and species will be exposed to unprecedented aridity conditions by 2100. The findings emphasize the need for early and effective response to mitigate ecological disruption.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
David P. Duda, William L. Smith Jr, Sarah Bedka, Douglas Spangenberg, Thad Chee, Patrick Minnis
Summary: The radiative effects of the air traffic slowdown during the COVID-19 pandemic were estimated by comparing the contrails over the United States and surrounding air corridors during the slowdown and a baseline period. The detected coverage and optical properties of contrails did not show significant differences between the two periods, but the radiative forcing was 34% to 42% smaller during the slowdown. Empirical models considering the changes in atmospheric environment and air traffic confirmed that the reduction in air traffic was the main factor contributing to the decrease in contrails and radiative forcing.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Review
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Jianping Huang, Xiuji Zhou, Guoxiong Wu, Xiangde Xu, Qingyun Zhao, Yimin Liu, Anmin Duan, Yongkun Xie, Yaoming Ma, Ping Zhao, Song Yang, Kun Yang, Haijun Yang, Jianchun Bian, Yunfei Fu, Jinming Ge, Yuzhi Liu, Qigang Wu, Haipeng Yu, Binbin Wang, Qing Bao, Kai Qie
Summary: The Tibetan Plateau impacts local and remote atmospheric circulations, mechanically and thermally affecting air masses or airflows. It also serves as a key channel for substance transport between the troposphere and stratosphere. Recent research has focused on land-atmosphere coupling processes over the plateau. It has been observed that the region is experiencing climate warming and wetting, resulting in various changes such as glacier retreat, permafrost degradation, increase in vegetation density, and expansion of major lakes.
REVIEWS OF GEOPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guolong Zhang, Yongli He, Jianping Huang, Li Fu, Dongliang Han, Xiaodan Guan, Beidou Zhang
Summary: The land surface has been drying while the Earth is greening. The vegetation sensitivity to aridity changes varies between drylands and humid regions. The physical and physiological effects of increasing CO2 concentration contribute to the divergent responses.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Taichen Feng, Tiangang Yuan, Jiahui Cao, Zhikuan Wang, Rong Zhi, Zhiyuan Hu, Jianping Huang
Summary: The impact of dust aerosol on extreme precipitation that occurred in Beijing during 19-21 July 2016 is investigated using satellite retrievals and simulations. Results show that dust particles promote the formation of ice clouds and enhance convections, leading to a 40% increase in precipitation amount in southern Beijing. This study provides insights into understanding the causes of urban extreme precipitation.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Jinming Ge, Jiajing Du, Zheyu Liang, Zeen Zhu, Jing Su, Qinghao Li, Qingyu Mu, Jianping Huang, Qiang Fu
Summary: Low-level clouds composed of liquid water droplets cool the climate system by reflecting solar radiation back to space, but their properties and radiative effects are poorly represented in climate models, leading to uncertainty in climate prediction. To improve understanding, an algorithm has been developed to retrieve liquid water content (LWC) based on millimeter-wavelength radar. However, the traditional retrieval method has limitations, such as uncertainty dependent on particle size distribution, drizzle particle presence, and reflectivity measurement accuracy. This study proposes a new self-consistent algorithm that constrains radar reflectivity factor and attenuation to retrieve accurate LWC products.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guolong Zhang, Jianping Huang, Xiaoyue Liu, Xiaodan Guan, Yun Wei, Lei Ding, Dongliang Han
Summary: The assessment and attribution of ecological security in the Yellow River Basin are crucial for protecting the natural environment and achieving sustainable development. The spatial pattern of ecological security showed high heterogeneity, with ecological insecurity mainly occurring in the middle reaches and regions where the major stream of the Yellow River passes through. Climate change dominated the evolution of ecological security in the upper reaches, while the level of ecological security has been improved in the middle reaches after ecological restoration projects. With higher intensity of industrial activity, human activities played a critical role in ecological security in the lower reaches.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuxin Zhao, Jiming Li, Lijie Zhang, Cong Deng, Yarong Li, Bida Jian, Jianping Huang
Summary: This study investigates the diurnal variations in cloud cover and cloud vertical distribution over the Tibetan Plateau. The results show that total cloud cover peaks in the morning and varies spatially and temporally. The study also reveals the dominant presence of opaque cirrus clouds over the plateau, which exhibit significant diurnal variations.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yarong Li, Jiming Li, Sihang Xu, Jiayi Li, Jianjun He, Jianping Huang
Summary: Diurnal variations in planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) play a crucial role in the diffusion of pollutants and the heat and moisture exchange in the lower atmosphere. This study used CATS lidar data to retrieve the PBLH on a near-global scale and compared the retrievals with other datasets. The results showed significant consistency between CATS retrievals and radiosonde and CALIPSO retrievals, as well as correlations with reanalysis outputs. Lower tropospheric stability and humidity factors were found to be the main meteorological factors influencing the interannual variability in the CATS PBLH.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Han Li, Jianping Huang, Xinbo Lian, Yingjie Zhao, Wei Yan, Li Zhang, Licheng Li
Summary: This study used a modified SEIR epidemiological model to examine the impact of human mobility on the spread of COVID-19. The findings showed that intra-city mobility had a significant contribution to the spread of the virus in China, while intercity mobility had a relatively smaller impact. In the simulation for Tianjin, China, a delay in human mobility reduced the peak number of cases and postponed the peak time. The study also highlighted the primary role of intra-regional mobility in the outbreak.
INFECTIOUS DISEASE MODELLING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ruonan Chen, Liangyun Liu, Xinjie Liu, Zhunqiao Liu, Lianhong Gu, Uwe Rascher
Summary: This study presents methods to accurately estimate sub-daily GPP from SIF in evergreen needleleaf forests and demonstrates that the interactions among light, canopy structure, and leaf physiology regulate the SIF-GPP relationship at the canopy scale.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Daniel L. Goldberg, Madankui Tao, Gaige Hunter Kerr, Siqi Ma, Daniel Q. Tong, Arlene M. Fiore, Angela F. Dickens, Zachariah E. Adelman, Susan C. Anenberg
Summary: A novel method is applied in this study to directly use satellite data to evaluate the spatial patterns of urban NOx emissions inventories. The results show that the 108 spatial surrogates used by NEMO are generally appropriate, but there may be underestimation in areas with dense intermodal facilities and overestimation in wealthy communities.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhuoyue Hu, Xiaoyan Li, Liyuan Li, Xiaofeng Su, Lin Yang, Yong Zhang, Xingjian Hu, Chun Lin, Yujun Tang, Jian Hao, Xiaojin Sun, Fansheng Chen
Summary: This paper proposes a whisk-broom imaging method using a long-linear-array detector and high-precision scanning mirror to achieve high-resolution and wide-swath thermal infrared data. The method has been implemented in the SDGs satellite and has shown promising test results.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dandan Wang, Leiqiu Hu, James A. Voogt, Yunhao Chen, Ji Zhou, Gaijing Chang, Jinling Quan, Wenfeng Zhan, Zhizhong Kang
Summary: This study evaluates different schemes for determining model coefficients to quantify and correct the anisotropic impact from remote sensing LST for urban applications. The schemes have consistent results and accurately estimate parameter values, facilitating the broadening of parametric models.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jamie Tolan, Hung - Yang, Benjamin Nosarzewski, Guillaume Couairon, Huy V. Vo, John Brandt, Justine Spore, Sayantan Majumdar, Daniel Haziza, Janaki Vamaraju, Theo Moutakanni, Piotr Bojanowski, Tracy Johns, Brian White, Tobias Tiecke, Camille Couprie
Summary: Vegetation structure mapping is crucial for understanding the global carbon cycle and monitoring nature-based approaches to climate adaptation and mitigation. This study presents the first high-resolution canopy height maps for California and Sao Paulo, achieved through the use of very high resolution satellite imagery and aerial lidar data. The maps provide valuable tools for forest structure assessment and land use monitoring.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Regina Eckert, Steffen Mauceri, David R. Thompson, Jay E. Fahlen, Philip G. Brodrick
Summary: In this paper, a mathematical framework is proposed to improve the retrieval of surface reflectance and atmospheric parameters by leveraging the expected spatial smoothness of the atmosphere. Experimental results show that this framework can reduce the surface reflectance retrieval error and surface-related biases.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chongya Jiang, Kaiyu Guan, Yizhi Huang, Maxwell Jong
Summary: This study presents the Field Rover method, which uses vehicle-mounted cameras to collect ground truth data on crop harvesting status. The machine learning approach and remote sensing technology are employed to upscale the results to a regional scale. The accuracy of the remote sensing method in predicting crop harvesting dates is validated through comparison with satellite data.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Oksana V. Lunina, Anton A. Gladkov, Alexey V. Bochalgin
Summary: In this study, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was used to detect and map surface discontinuities with displacements of a few centimeters, indicating the presence of initial geological deformations. The study found that sediments of alluvial fans are susceptible to various tectonic and exogenous deformational processes, and the interpretation of ultra-high resolution UAV images can help recognize low-amplitude brittle deformations at an early stage. UAV surveys are critical for discerning neotectonic activity and its related hazards over short observation periods.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Feng Zhao, Weiwei Ma, Jun Zhao, Yiqing Guo, Mateen Tariq, Juan Li
Summary: This study presents a data-driven approach to reconstruct the terrestrial SIF spectrum using measurements from the TROPOMI instrument on Sentinel-5 precursor mission. The reconstructed SIF spectrum shows improved spatiotemporal distributions and demonstrates consistency with other datasets, indicating its potential for better understanding of the ecosystem function.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Stephen Stehman, John E. Wagner
Summary: This article investigates optimal sample allocation in stratified random sampling for estimation of accuracy and proportion of area in applications where the target class is rare. The study finds that precision of estimated accuracy has a stronger impact on sample allocation than estimation of proportion of area, and the trade-offs among these estimates become more pronounced as the target class becomes rarer. The results provide quantitative evidence to guide sample allocation decisions in specific applications.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jingyao Zheng, Tianjie Zhao, Haishen Lu, Defu Zou, Nemesio Rodriguez-Fernandez, Arnaud Mialon, Philippe Richaume, Jianshe Xiao, Jun Ma, Lei Fan, Peilin Song, Yonghua Zhu, Rui Li, Panpan Yao, Qingqing Yang, Shaojie Du, Zhen Wang, Zhiqing Peng, Yuyang Xiong, Zanpin Xing, Lin Zhao, Yann Kerr, Jiancheng Shi
Summary: Soil moisture and freeze/thaw (F/T) play a crucial role in water and heat exchanges at the land-atmosphere interface. This study reports the establishment of a wireless sensor network for soil moisture and temperature over the permafrost region of Tibetan Plateau. Satellite-based surface soil moisture (SSM) and F/T products were evaluated using ground-based measurements. The results show the reliability of L-band passive microwave SSM and F/T products, while existing F/T products display earlier freezing and later thawing, leading to unsatisfactory accuracy.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2024)