Article
Environmental Sciences
Gopinathan R. Abhijith, Avi Ostfeld
Summary: The present study aims to develop a new computer-based tool called EPANET-C to simplify water quality modeling of water distribution systems (WDS) and overcome challenges faced by EPANET-MSX. EPANET-C has the potential to become a standard tool in the field.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Amin Mohammadpour, Ehsan Gharehchahi, Ahmad Badeenezhad, Iman Parseh, Razieh Khaksefidi, Mohammad Golaki, Reza Dehbandi, Abooalfazl Azhdarpoor, Zahra Derakhshan, Jorge Rodriguez-Chueca, Stefanos Giannakis
Summary: This study evaluates the health risk of nitrate in groundwater resources in Hormozgan province, Iran, for different age groups. The results show that the average nitrate concentration is relatively low and the risk level is low, but there is still some potential hazard. The sensitivity analysis reveals that the nitrate content has the most significant influence on toxicity risk. Therefore, implementing a water resources management program can reduce nitrate concentration and improve water quality.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alicia N. M. Kraay, Kristin N. Nelson, Conan Y. Zhao, David Demory, Joshua S. Weitz, Benjamin A. Lopman
Summary: The study found that widespread serological testing during the COVID-19 pandemic could not only reduce the number of deaths, but also slow down subsequent waves of transmission, increase social interaction levels, and remain relevant in the face of emerging new variants.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Mathematics
Johny Pambabay-Calero, Sergio Bauz-Olvera, Ana Nieto-Librero, Ana Sanchez-Garcia, Puri Galindo-Villardon
Summary: Models implemented in statistical software for precision analysis of diagnostic tests include random-effects modeling and hierarchical regression, but calculating the covariance between sensitivity and specificity is challenging when the random effect is zero. Copulas are used as an alternative method, and posterior values are estimated using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
G. R. Abhijith, Avi Ostfeld
Summary: A mechanistic simulation model was developed to predict the response of water distribution systems to accidental arsenic contamination, revealing the importance of maintaining residual disinfectants in controlling the spread of arsenic.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nico Dalla Libera, Daniele Pedretti, Giulia Casiraghi, Abel Marko, Leonardo Piccinini, Paolo Fabbri
Summary: Stochastic multicomponent reactive transport modeling is a useful tool for quantifying the probability of arsenic concentrations exceeding critical thresholds in groundwater. The study in a shallow alluvial aquifer near Venice revealed that initial geochemical conditions are a major source of uncertainty in arsenic concentrations. The simulation results showed a decrease in the fraction of aquifer volume with high arsenic concentrations over time, as well as an increase in PNE with different target thresholds.
Article
Polymer Science
Joao C. O. Guerra, Antonio Cadilhe
Summary: The presence of defects and dirt in actual substrates affects their properties, breaking symmetries and reducing spatial dimensionality. The study shows novel behavior of polymer mass transport on a crystalline substrate when a single attractive impurity is present. The diffusion coefficient is found to have size scaling dependence with the number of monomers in the polymer.
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Robert Millar, Hui Li, Jinglai Li
Summary: In many engineering systems, the performance or reliability is characterized by a scalar variable. The distribution of this variable is important for uncertainty quantification in various applications. Standard Monte Carlo simulations are often used but struggle to efficiently estimate the tail of the distribution. The Multicanonical Monte Carlo method provides an adaptive importance sampling scheme, where samples are drawn from a nonstandard importance sampling distribution using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). However, MCMC is inherently serial and difficult to parallelize. In this paper, we propose a new approach that uses the Sequential Monte Carlo sampler for parallel implementation and demonstrate its competitive performance with mathematical and practical examples.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Youssef Toubri, Isabelle Demers, Andree Poirier, Genevieve Pepin, Marie-Christine Gosselin, Nicholas A. Beier
Summary: Three-dimensional geological modeling is an efficient tool for visualizing ore body features and can be repurposed for mine waste management. Adequate datasets are essential to ensure quality and resolution in this process.
JOURNAL OF GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Mohamed. A. Mabrok, Ahmad Saad, Taha Ahmed, Hamad Alsayab
Summary: As one of the highest water-risk ranked countries in the world, Kuwait urgently requires new advanced techniques and methodologies to optimize its water infrastructure. This study developed and analyzed an EPANET-based model for a selected area in Kuwait, evaluating the water quality, particularly the water age, and highlighting the dependence of water age and quality on occupation stages.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yuichi Motoyama, Kazuyoshi Yoshimi, Junya Otsuki
Summary: Analytic continuation from the imaginary-time Green's function to the spectral function is crucial for studying the dynamical properties of quantum many-body systems. However, this process is unstable and has advantages and disadvantages. Combining SpM AC with Pade approximation in the SpM-Pade method can provide more accurate and stable results.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Shuang Zhao, Jerome Spanier
Summary: This paper introduces a new family of hybrid estimators aimed at controlling the efficiency of Monte Carlo computations in particle transport problems. By combining transport-constrained unbiased radiance estimators with conventional terminal estimation, the efficiency of the resulting hybrid estimator can be moderated without introducing bias. The gains in efficiency are illustrated by comparing the hybrid strategy with more conventional estimation methods in a series of multi-layer numerical examples.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Shubo Wu, Yajie Zou, Lingtao Wu, Yue Zhang
Summary: Time headway distribution is important in traffic flow analysis and estimation. Previous studies proposed different statistical distributions, but model uncertainty makes it difficult to find certain types of distributions for different traffic conditions. To overcome this, a Bayesian model averaging (BMA) approach considers the advantages of different distributions. Six time headway datasets were collected from different traffic facilities in Guangzhou, China. The study finds that no single distribution is universally appropriate, but the BMA approach accurately describes time headway distribution under different traffic conditions.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Jeppe R. Andersen, James Black, Helen Brooks, Bertrand Ducloue, Marian Heil, Andreas Maier, Jennifer M. Smillie
Summary: This article presents version 2.1 of the High Energy Jets (HEJ) event generator for hadron colliders. HEJ is a Monte Carlo generator that handles processes at high energies with multiple well-separated jets in the final state. To achieve accurate predictions, HEJ combines conventional fixed-order perturbative QCD with an all-order resummation of large high-energy logarithms. The new version 2.1 extends its support to processes with final-state leptons originating from a charged or neutral vector boson together with multiple jets, and includes an additional gauge-invariant class of subdominant logarithmic corrections in the all-order resummation. HEJ 2.1 can be obtained from https://hej.hepforge.org.
COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Dina Zaman, Ashok Kumar Gupta, Venkatesh Uddameri, Manoj Kumar Tiwari, Dhrubajyoti Sen
Summary: This research quantitatively assesses the efficacy of the hydraulic solver EPANET 2.0 in emulating leakage dynamics through experimental studies and modeling analysis. It highlights the challenges of calibrating and analyzing leak models using predefined leak parameters.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Mateusz Oszczypala, Jakub Konwerski, Jaroslaw Ziolkowski, Jerzy Malachowski
Summary: This article discusses the issues related to the redundancy of k-out-of-n structures and proposes a probabilistic and simulation-based optimization method. The method was applied to real transport systems, demonstrating its effectiveness in reducing costs and improving system availability and performance.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Wencheng Huang, Haoran Li, Yanhui Yin, Zhi Zhang, Anhao Xie, Yin Zhang, Guo Cheng
Summary: Inspired by the theory of degree entropy, this study proposes a new node identification approach called Adjacency Information Entropy (AIE) to identify the importance of nodes in urban rail transit networks (URTN). Through numerical and real-world case studies, it is found that AIE can effectively identify important nodes and facilitate connections among non-adjacent nodes.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Hongyan Dui, Yaohui Lu, Liwei Chen
Summary: This paper discusses the four phases of the system life cycle and the different costs associated with each phase. It proposes an improvement importance method to optimize system reliability and analyzes the process of failure risk under limited resources.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Xian Zhao, Chen Wang, Siqi Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a new rebalancing strategy for balanced systems by switching standby components. Different switching rules are provided based on different balance conditions. The system reliability is derived using the finite Markov chain imbedding approach, and numerical examples and sensitivity analysis are presented for validation.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Fengyuan Jiang, Sheng Dong
Summary: Corrosion defects are the primary causes of pipeline burst failures. The traditional methodologies ignore the effects of random morphologies on failure behaviors, leading to deviations in remaining strength estimation and reliability analysis. To address this issue, an integrated methodology combining random field, non-linear finite element analysis, and Monte-Carlo Simulation was developed to describe the failure behaviors of pipelines with random defects.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Guoqing Cheng, Jiayi Shen, Fang Wang, Ling Li, Nan Yang
Summary: This paper investigates the optimal joint inspection and mission abort policies for a multi-component system with failure interaction. The proportional hazards model is used to characterize the effect of one component's deterioration on other components' hazard rates. The optimal policy is studied to minimize the expected total cost, and some structural properties of the optimal policy are obtained.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Hongyan Dui, Yaohui Lu, Shaomin Wu
Summary: A new resilience model is proposed in this paper for systems under competing risks, and related indices are introduced for evaluating the system's resilience. The model takes into account the degradation process, external shocks, and maintenance interactions of the system, and its effectiveness is demonstrated through a case study.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Yang Li, Jun Xu
Summary: This paper proposes a translation model based on neural network for simulating non-Gaussian stochastic processes. By converting the target non-Gaussian power spectrum to the underlying Gaussian power spectrum, non-Gaussian samples can be generated.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Yanyan Liu, Keping Li, Dongyang Yan
Summary: This paper proposes a new random walk method, CBDRWR, to analyze the potential risk of railway accidents. By combining accident causation network, we assign different restart probabilities to each node and improve the transition probabilities. In the case study, the proposed method effectively quantifies the potential risk and identifies key risk sources.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Nan Hai, Daqing Gong, Zixuan Dai
Summary: The current risk management of utility tunnel operation and maintenance is of low quality and efficiency. This study proposes a theoretical model and platform that offer effective decision support and improve the safety of utility tunnel operation and maintenance.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Tomoaki Nishino, Takuya Miyashita, Nobuhito Mori
Summary: A novel modeling methodology is proposed to simulate cascading disasters triggered by tsunamis considering uncertainties. The methodology focuses on tsunami-triggered oil spills and subsequent fires and quantitatively measures the fire hazard. It can help assess and improve risk reduction plans.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Mingjiang Xie, Yifei Wang, Jianli Zhao, Xianjun Pei, Tairui Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the effect of rockfall impact on the health management of pipelines with fatigue cracks and proposes a crack propagation prediction algorithm based on rockfall impact. Dynamic SIF values are obtained through finite element modeling and a method combining multilayer perceptron with Paris' law is used for accurate crack growth prediction. The method is valuable for decision making in pipeline reliability assessment and integrity management.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Saeed Jamalzadeh, Lily Mettenbrink, Kash Barker, Andres D. Gonzalez, Sridhar Radhakrishnan, Jonas Johansson, Elena Bessarabova
Summary: This study proposes an integrated epidemiological-optimization model to quantify the impacts of weaponized disinformation on transportation infrastructure and supply chains. Results show that disinformation targeted at transportation infrastructure can have wide-ranging impacts across different commodities.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Jiaxi Wang
Summary: This paper investigates the depot maintenance packet assignment and crew scheduling problem for high-speed trains. A mixed integer linear programming model is proposed, and computational experiments show the effectiveness and efficiency of the improved model compared to the baseline one.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Yuxuan Tian, Xiaoshu Guan, Huabin Sun, Yuequan Bao
Summary: This paper proposes a DFMs searching algorithm based on the graph neural network (GNN) to improve computational efficiency and adaptively identify DFMs. The algorithm terminates prematurely when unable to identify new DFMs.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2024)