Article
Chemistry, Applied
Kenji Ishihara, Ryuichi Watanabe, Tomomi Kato, Takuya Seko, Takashi Matsuda, Yuji Omura, Yasutaka Shigemura, Yasunosuke Kawabata, Takahiro Maegawa
Summary: Balenine extracted from opah muscle has been successfully purified and compared with carnosine and anserine, showing higher antioxidant and Fe(II) ion-chelating abilities, indicating its potential as a functional food or resource.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuxuan Yu, Sicen Lin, Zhichao Chen, Bin Qin, Zhonggui He, Maosheng Cheng, Mengchi Sun, Jin Sun
Summary: Throughout history, natural bacteria have been used to maintain human body's homeostasis and relieve diseases. With the advancement of genetic engineering and synthetic materials modification, hybrid bacteria have been developed to treat various diseases including obesity, gastrointestinal disorders, and cancers. This review discusses the characteristics and applications of natural bacteria-based drugs, as well as different conjugation methods and fate of hybrid bacteria in vivo. The importance and feasibility of therapeutic bacteria-based complex disease treatments are also emphasized, along with the challenges in clinical applications of bacterial drugs and potential solutions.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Sukanya Charoensin, Banyat Laopaiboon, Wuttigrai Boonkum, Jutarop Phetcharaburanin, Myra O. Villareal, Hiroko Isoda, Monchai Duangjinda
Summary: This study identified the presence of anserine in Thai native chickens and their crossbred meat, demonstrating their potential as functional meat sources rich in anserine and antioxidants. The research used nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to distinguish metabolites and relative concentrations, showing significantly higher levels of anserine in Thai native and crossbred chicken compared to commercial broiler chickens.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Adam R. Konopka, Dudley W. Lamming
Summary: Rapamycin, an inhibitor of mTORC1, has been shown to extend lifespan and prevent age-related diseases in various model systems. However, concerns over its side effects have limited its translation to humans. Studies suggest that the negative effects of rapamycin are associated with off-target inhibition of mTORC2. Therapeutic windows and alternatives to rapamycin are being explored to achieve more selective inhibition of mTORC1. Ongoing clinical trials aim to address safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and efficacy of rapamycin and its analogs, providing important information for future phase 3 trials.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ao Shang, Jiahui Li, Dan-Dan Zhou, Ren-You Gan, Hua-Bin Li
Summary: Tea is popular not only for its unique flavor but also for its various health benefits, including antioxidant, anticancer, lipid-lowering, and heart-protective properties. Research has shown that the bioactive components in tea have positive effects on cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and other health issues, making them potential dietary supplements and natural medicines.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Luc Rochette, Marianne Zeller, Yves Cottin, Catherine Vergely
Summary: Protons (H+) and molecular hydrogen (H-2) are crucial in various cellular processes, with the latter being explored as a novel cancer treatment. Exogenous H-2, administered through inhalation, drinking H-2-rich water, or injecting H-2-rich saline solution, serves as a protective therapy for cell structures and functions.
Review
Dermatology
Beatriz Cabanillas
Summary: Dupilumab is the first approved targeted biological therapy for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD), and it functions by blocking the downstream signaling of interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 receptors. The clinical improvements induced by dupilumab are associated with remission of dysregulated immune mechanisms and improved epidermal barrier defects in AD. This review provides an overview of the development of dupilumab, clinical trials in different age groups, outcomes, and reported adverse effects, as well as summarizing the current knowledge on its molecular and cellular mechanisms.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fengqian Chen, Lin Zou, Brittney Williams, Wei Chao
Summary: TLRs play an important role in host defense against pathogens, but targeting them for sepsis treatment has yielded mixed clinical trial results. Future sepsis treatments will need to consider the complexity of sepsis pathogenesis and the heterogeneity of septic patients for more effective interventions.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Stephanie Andrade, Debora Nunes, Meghna Dabur, Maria J. Ramalho, Maria C. Pereira, Joana A. Loureiro
Summary: Neurodegenerative diseases are incurable and current medicines only alleviate symptoms. Natural compounds are gaining popularity as alternatives to synthetic drugs for neurodegenerative disease treatment. This article provides a systematic review of clinical trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of natural compounds for the five most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders.
Review
Oncology
Edoardo Crimini, Matteo Repetto, Philippe Aftimos, Andrea Botticelli, Paolo Marchetti, Giuseppe Curigliano
Summary: This review presents the most important molecular targets in breast cancer, classified according to their pathway and in accordance with ESCAT, assisting clinicians in making therapeutic decisions.
CANCER TREATMENT REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Tingting Hu, Jifa Zhang, Jiaxing Wang, Leihao Sha, Yilin Xia, Tyler C. Ortyl, Xiaohe Tian, Lei Chen
Summary: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by temporary brain dysfunction caused by abnormal neural electrical activity. Drug therapy is the primary method of treatment for epilepsy, but around 30% of patients do not respond to current antiseizure drugs. Long-term use of these drugs can lead to adverse effects and increased tolerability concerns. Research for more effective and safer antiseizure drugs is still an ongoing and urgent task, and this Perspective article focuses on summarizing the current progress of small-molecule drug candidates in epilepsy therapy.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Tingting Hu, Jifa Zhang, Jiaxing Wang, Leihao Sha, Yilin Xia, Tyler C. Ortyl, Xiaohe Tian, Lei Chen
Summary: Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder caused by abnormal electrical discharge in the brain. Drug therapy is the main approach for treatment, but a significant number of patients are resistant to the available medications. Long-term use of these drugs can lead to adverse effects and economic burden. Therefore, finding safer and more effective medications is crucial.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Saad Bakrim, Nasreddine El Omari, Naoufal El Hachlafi, Youssef Bakri, Learn-Han Lee, Abdelhakim Bouyahya
Summary: Phenolic compounds show significant protective and therapeutic effects against different types of human cancers, with various anti-cancer mechanisms and clinical evidence supporting their potential.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jessica Manoelli Costa Silva, Eliel Barbosa Teixeira, Ronald Matheus da Silva Mourao, Rafaella Sousa Ferraz, Fabiano Cordeiro Moreira, Paulo Pimentel de Assumpcao, Danielle Queiroz Calcagno
Summary: Gastric cancer is a highly prevalent and deadly malignant neoplasm worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently been identified as crucial regulators implicated in GC development and progression. Dysregulated expression of lncRNAs is commonly associated with enhanced tumor migration, invasiveness, and therapy resistance, highlighting their potential as promising targets for clinical applications.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Navid Sobhani, Bruna Scaggiante, Rachel Morris, Dafei Chai, Martina Catalano, Dana Rae Tardiel-Cyril, Praveen Neeli, Giandomenico Roviello, Giuseppina Mondani, Yong Li
Summary: Therapeutic vaccines, especially mRNA vaccines, have been advancing with innovations in nucleic acid-based vaccine production. Modified mRNAs and lipid nanoparticles improve stability and delivery, while long synthetic peptides and targeting neoantigens enhance protein vaccine efficacy. Inactivated patient-derived tumor cells and activated patient-derived dendritic cells are also used. This review summarizes recent developments in therapeutic cancer vaccines.
CANCER TREATMENT REVIEWS
(2022)
