Article
Environmental Sciences
Ana Amoros-Perez, Laura Cano-Casanova, Maria del Carmen Roman-Martinez, Maria Angeles Lillo-Rodenas
Summary: A laboratory setup was used to collect and study particulate and soluble matter generated from cigarette smoke or Heets aerosol. The results showed that cigarettes produced higher levels of particulate matter and soluble compounds compared to Heets. The solid matter from cigarette smoke contained insoluble fractions and traces of heavy metals, while the samples from Heets were mainly composed of carbon and oxygen and soluble in isopropanol.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marija Meisutovic-Akhtarieva, Tadas Prasauskas, Darius Ciuzas, Violeta Kaunelien, Dainius Martuzevicius
Summary: This study assessed the dynamics of exhaled aerosols from HTPs and ECs, finding that HTPs generally had lower aerosol number concentration. ECs exhibited faster decrease in aerosol concentration after puffs, indicating higher volatility of particles. Additionally, distance to bystander was shown to significantly affect aerosol dynamics.
AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ai Hori, Takahiro Tabuchi, Naoki Kunugita
Summary: In Japan, from 2015 to 2018, the use of heated tobacco products (IQOS, Ploom, and glo) increased significantly in all subgroups except for never smokers.
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yong-Hyun Kim, Sung-Hwan Kim
Summary: A method for preparing heated tobacco product aerosol condensate (HTPAC) was developed and its effectiveness was evaluated. HTPAC provides a convenient way to concentrate harmful compounds found in HTP aerosols, facilitating comprehensive toxicity assessments and ensuring the safe utilization of heated tobacco products.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jeeeun Yi, Cheol Min Lee, Seung-sik Hwang, Sung-il Cho
Summary: The study found that in South Korea, middle-aged individuals, those with higher income and education levels, as well as those with past vaping experience, were more likely to use heated tobacco products (HTPs). Additionally, current smoking behavior and motivation levels for smoking cessation were not significant predictors of future HTPs use.
Article
Substance Abuse
Connor R. Miller, Edward Sutanto, Danielle M. Smith, Sara C. Hitchman, Shannon Gravely, Hua-Hie Yong, Ron Borland, Richard J. O'Connor, K. Michael Cummings, Geoffrey T. Fong, Andrew Hyland, Anne C. K. Quah, Maciej L. Goniewicz
Summary: This study evaluated sociodemographic characteristics, nicotine-related perceptions, and behaviors of current HTP users within a sample of adult nicotine users across four high-income Western countries. The results showed that HTP users tended to be younger, more affluent, and often concurrently used multiple nicotine products and other substances. Characteristics of HTP users may provide important information for regulating these products and for considering their potential impact on harm reduction.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Teemu Karkela, Jean-Christophe Ebinger, Unto Tapper, Olivier Robyr, Tauno Jalanti
Summary: Heated Tobacco Products (HTPs) like the Electrically Heated Tobacco System (EHTS) from Philip Morris International have been developed as healthier alternatives to traditional cigarettes, producing significantly fewer emissions and confirmed absence of solid particles in emissions. The role of filter elements in reducing solid particle formation during EHTP use has been suggested but requires further investigation.
AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
J. M. Martin-Alvarez, A. Almeida, A. A. Golpe, E. Asensio
Summary: This study aims to determine whether heated tobacco products (HTPs) in Spain adhered to regulations on tobacco advertising. The results indicate that the promotion of HTPs followed the same patterns as brands falsely perceived as healthier alternatives. Policy-makers should impose restrictions on marketing tobacco products that associate them with health to prevent an increase in smoking behavior.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Noel J. Aquilina, Christopher M. Havel, Roy M. Harrison, Kin-Fai Ho, Neal L. Benowitz, Peyton Jacob
Summary: NNK is a potent lung carcinogen formed from nitrosation of nicotine, expected to primarily exist in the particle-phase and be stable in particulate matter. Tests showed a bisulfate-treated filter is more efficient at collecting nicotine and NNK, with NNK behaving linearly with airborne particle + gas phase nicotine. Seasonal analysis revealed higher NNK load in PM10 during winter due to long-range transport over densely populated areas. Contamination of particulate matter with NNK was observed at all sites, highlighting the risk of chronic exposure through inhalation.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Kazuya Nishino, Koji Tamai, Kumi Orita, Yusuke Hashimoto, Hiroaki Nakamura
Summary: The study found that heated tobacco products (HTP) have a negative impact on preosteoblast cell viability and bone fracture-healing, comparable to the effects of conventional cigarettes.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Kazuya Nishino, Koji Tamai, Kumi Orita, Yusuke Hashimoto, Hiroaki Nakamura
Summary: The study showed that heated tobacco products (HTPs) have negative effects on preosteoblast cell viability, osteoblastic differentiation, and bone fracture-healing, comparable to the effects of conventional combustible cigarettes.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Israel T. Agaku, Catherine O. Egbe, Olalekan A. Ayo-Yusuf
Summary: South Africa implemented sales restrictions on tobacco and related products as a public health measure during the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in changes in marketing activities for novel tobacco products. Online sales data for e-cigarette liquids in South Africa during the restriction period showed that cannabidiol liquids were actively promoted by many vendors. Nielsen retail scanner data indicated a decrease in sales of heated tobacco products during the restriction, with a significant increase after the restriction was lifted, although total sales in September 2020 were lower than the previous year.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Teemu Karkela, Unto Tapper, Tuula Kajolinna
Summary: The study compared the smoke from a research cigarette with the aerosol generated by IQOS, finding that IQOS aerosol emissions were significantly lower than cigarette smoke under the same puffing regimen. Despite similar maximum nicotine concentrations within a puff for both 3R4F smoke and IQOS aerosol, the average concentration was lower for IQOS aerosol. Additionally, water constituted a significant portion of particulate matter in both products, with higher levels in the IQOS aerosol.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jochen Vukas, Nadja Mallock-Ohnesorg, Tobias Ruether, Elke Pieper, Luna Romano-Brandt, Yvonne Stoll, Lukas Hoehne, Nestor Burgmann, Peter Laux, Andreas Luch, Andrea Rabenstein
Summary: Heated tobacco products (HTPs) produce lower emissions of harmful substances compared to tobacco cigarettes, but may also deliver lower levels of nicotine. This study aimed to compare the nicotine delivery and satisfaction of two different HTPs with conventional cigarettes in users who had switched to HTPs. The results showed that both HTPs delivered comparable levels of nicotine, but significantly lower than conventional cigarettes, suggesting a lower addictive potential. Despite the different nicotine delivery, cravings were reduced by all products, indicating that HTPs do not necessarily require high nicotine levels to satisfy cravings like tobacco cigarettes do. These findings were further supported by an ad libitum use study.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Zuoying Wen, Xuejun Gu, Xiaofeng Tang, Xiangyu Li, Yongqiang Pang, Qingyuan Hu, Jian Wang, Long Zhang, Yong Liu, Weijun Zhang
Summary: A vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) lamp-based photoionization time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer was used to analyze the chemical compositions of a heated tobacco product (HTP) cigarette smoke in real time. The study revealed the occurrence of thermal vaporization, pyrolysis, and degradation chemical reactions in the HTP smoking process. The experimental results provided valuable insights into the gas- and particulate-phase compositions of the complex cigarette smoke system.
Article
Medicine, Legal
Fiona Sewell, Ian Ragan, Graham Horgan, David Andrew, Thomas Holmes, Irene Manou, Boris P. Mueller, Tim Rowan, Barbara G. Schmitt, Marco Corvaro
Summary: There are currently three test guidelines for acute oral toxicity studies, but the subjectivity of one guideline may be hindering its wider use. In order to address this, the NC3Rs and EPAA collaborated to analyze historical data and provide recommendations on the recognition of 'evident toxicity'.
REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Michael DeVito, Bas Bokkers, Majorie B. M. van Duursen, Karin van Ede, Mark Feeley, Elsa Antunes Fernandes Gaspar, Laurie Haws, Sean Kennedy, Richard E. Peterson, Ron Hoogenboom, Keiko Nohara, Kim Petersen, Cynthia Rider, Martin Rose, Stephen Safe, Dieter Schrenk, Matthew W. Wheeler, Daniele S. Wikoff, Bin Zhao, Martin van den Berg
Summary: In October 2022, the World Health Organization reevaluated the toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for chlorinated dioxin-like compounds in a panel convened in Lisbon. This effort utilized an updated database, Bayesian dose response modeling, and meta-analysis to derive Best-Estimate TEFs. Applying these new TEFs may result in lower total toxic equivalents for dioxin-like chemicals.
REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2024)