Review
Pathology
Haihong Chen, Yukun Kuang, Xinyan Huang, Ziyin Ye, Yangli Liu, Canmao Xie, Ke-Jing Tang
Summary: AFOP is a rare histologic interstitial pneumonia pattern characterized by intra-alveolar fibrin deposition and organizing pneumonia. Clinical characteristics remain unclear and treatment consensus is lacking. Prednisone shows good clinical response in AFOP cases.
DIAGNOSTIC PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Yan Li, Junhua Wu, Sihua Wang, Xiang Li, Junjie Zhou, Bo Huang, Danju Luo, Qin Cao, Yajun Chen, Shuo Chen, Lin Ma, Li Peng, Huaxiong Pan, William D. Travis, Xiu Nie
Summary: COVID-19 pneumonia patients who develop diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) can progress to the fibrosing pattern, with younger age and longer duration of illness, hospitalisation, and mechanical ventilation. Further studies are needed to determine the risk of developing pulmonary fibrosis in surviving patients.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Sujith Cherian, Dhara Patel, Stephen Machnicki, David Naidich, Diane Stover, William D. Travis, Kevin K. Brown, Jason J. Naidich, Akhilesh Mahajan, Michael Esposito, Bushra Mina, Viera Lakticova, Stuart L. Cohen, Nestor L. Muller, Jenna Schulner, Rakesh Shah, Suhail Raoof
Summary: Organizing pneumonia is a lung disease characterized by the filling of alveoli and bronchioles with loose connective tissue. It can be caused by various factors, and its clinical and radiographic presentations are diverse. Histopathologic confirmation and exclusion of other causes may be necessary for diagnosis. Treatment usually involves long-term steroid use, but relapses are common.
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jong Hyuk Lee, Ho-Kee Yum, Fady Jamous, Claudia Santos, Alessio Campisi, Salim Surani, Filippo Lococo, Jin Mo Goo, Soon Ho Yoon
Summary: This study evaluated the clinico-radiological findings of AFOP and identified prognostic predictors based on whether a surgical or non-surgical biopsy was performed. Patients diagnosed via surgical biopsy had different symptomatic presentations and prognosis compared to those diagnosed via non-surgical biopsy. Patients with patchy or mass-like air-space consolidation on CT images showed a better prognosis in AFOP cases.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dingyuan Jiang, Xueying Chen, Jun Li, Ling Zhao, Huaping Dai
Summary: Acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia (AFOP) is a rare lung disease that is difficult to diagnose and its etiology is unclear. This case report presents a young male with AFOP, initially misdiagnosed as community-acquired pneumonia. Further investigation revealed underlying myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Despite treatment with glucocorticoids and chemotherapy, the patient did not show improvement. Early identification and diagnosis of AFOP in patients with hematological diseases are crucial, and more research is needed for the management of severe AFOP.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dorcas Lim, Sok Boon Tay
Summary: We present the case of a middle-aged male who had a left retrocardiac opacity on a chest radiograph. Further thorax CT examination revealed multiple subpleural lesions with central necrosis. Histopathological examination of the subpleural lesions confirmed the diagnosis of acute fibrinous organizing pneumonia. The patient responded well to corticosteroid treatment, and repeat CT showed resolution of the subpleural lesions.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Respiratory System
Ye Lu, Wei Zheng, Wei Cao, Xianghong Yang, Li Zhao, Yu Chen
Summary: This case report highlights a rare comorbidity of AFOP secondary to Sjogren's syndrome and Legionella infection. The patient showed significant improvement in clinical symptoms and lung imaging after a short course of low-dose corticosteroid therapy.
BMC PULMONARY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Edwin Yuan, Magdalena Matusiak, Korsuk Sirinukunwattana, Sushama Varma, Lukasz Kidzinski, Robert West
Summary: The study introduces Seg-SOM, a method for dimensionality reduction of cell morphology in tissue images, which can resolve cellular tissue heterogeneity and reveal complex tissue architecture. By utilizing a self-organizing map (SOM) artificial neural network to group cells based on morphological features, Seg-SOM allows for cell segmentation, systematic classification, and in silico cell labeling.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Min Chul Kim, Yeon Wook Kim, Byoung-Soo Kwon, Junghoon Kim, Yeon Joo Lee, Young-Jae Cho, Ho Il Yoon, Jin-Haeng Chung, Jae Ho Lee, Choon-Taek Lee, Jong Sun Park
Summary: Acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia (AFOP) is a rare interstitial pneumonia with unclear clinical manifestations and long-term prognosis. This study investigated the clinical features and prognosis of 15 patients with AFOP confirmed by surgical lung biopsy. The clinical course of AFOP was found to be variable, and although the condition was fatal, most patients who recovered from AFOP were able to live a normal life without respiratory symptoms.
BMC PULMONARY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Johanna Salonen, Mervi Kreus, Siri Lehtonen, Hannu Vahanikkila, Minna Purokivi, Riitta Kaarteenaho
Summary: The study revealed the importance of mast cells in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, with their density in fibrotic areas of lung tissue correlated with various clinical parameters. Acute exacerbations of IPF were associated with a significant decline in mast cell counts, highlighting the potential role of these cells in the disease progression.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Minjie Lin, Yingwei Zhang, Yuying Qiu
Summary: Acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia (AFOP) is a rare lung disease characterized by intra-alveolar deposition of fibrin and organizing pneumonia. Diagnosis plays a crucial role in confirming the disease, which can have various causes including connective tissue disease, infection, and drug exposure. Treatment approaches are not yet standardized, but glucocorticoids, immunosuppressants, and transplants may improve clinical outcomes.
ANNALS OF PALLIATIVE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Lei Zhang, Lina Liu, Caiwei Lin, Xudong Wang
Summary: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a serious disease with main symptoms of hemoptysis and dyspnea, and ECMO can provide oxygenation support when mechanical ventilation fails. Early initiation of V-V ECMO can rescue patients' lives.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Wen-Juan Liu, Shuang Zhou, Yan-Xia Li
Summary: Acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia (AFOP) is a rare lung disease characterized by noninfective inflammation. It is diagnosed through pathology and surgical lung biopsy is the optimal method. However, many patients are unable to undergo surgery. The standard therapy for AFOP remains controversial and further research is needed.
WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Xiaojing Wu, Kejing Wang, Yayue Gao, Ying Cai, Wenqiao Wang, Dingrong Zhong, Qingyuan Zhan
Summary: We report a rare case of AFOP with HLH caused by chronic active Epstein-Barr virus (CAEBV) infection. The patient presented with symptoms including fever, dyspnea, splenomegaly, progressive decrease of red blood cells and platelets.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Yasmeen M. Butt, Maxwell L. Smith, Henry D. Tazelaar, Anja C. Roden, Maria Cecilia Mengoli, Brandon T. Larsen
Summary: It has been observed that some patients with psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis develop diffuse parenchymal lung disease (DPLD), even without prior immunomodulation therapy. This phenomenon is not well understood and requires further research to clarify the association between psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis and DPLD.
ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2023)