Article
Urology & Nephrology
Todd S. Yecies, Brian Chun, Michelle J. Semins, Rajeev Chaudhry
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between fluoroscopy pulse rate and absorbed radiation dose. The results showed that there was a linear correlation between fluoroscopy pulse rate and absorbed radiation dose. Using a low-dose setting significantly reduced the absorbed radiation dose compared to the standard dose. The combination of a pulse rate of 1 pulse per second and low-dose fluoroscopy reduced the absorbed dose by 97.7%.
WORLD JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Benjamin D. Fennell, Douglas Fowler, Stephen P. Mezyk, Garrett McKay
Summary: Advanced reduction processes (ARP) have gained attention for PFAS treatment, but the effect of DOM on e(aq)(-) availability is not well understood.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jacy K. K. Conrad, Stephen P. P. Mezyk, Liam H. H. Isherwood, Aliaksandr Baidak, Corey D. D. Pilgrim, Daniel Whittaker, Robin M. M. Orr, Simon M. M. Pimblott, Gregory P. P. Horne
Summary: This study presents a comprehensive computer model to describe the radiolytic and hydrolytic degradation of AHA in aqueous sodium nitrate and nitric acid solutions. The model accurately predicts the yields of the major degradation products of AHA by comparing with experimental data.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kamila J. Szafulera, Radoslaw A. Wach, Piotr Ulanski
Summary: This study focuses on the initial steps of radiation-induced cross-linking polymerization of Dex-MA in water and determines the rate constants of hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and hydrated electrons (e(aq)(-)) with various samples of Dex-MA. The rate constants are found to depend on both the molecular weight and degree of substitution (DS). The obtained kinetic data and their interpretation are expected to be useful for the controlled synthesis of polysaccharide-based hydrogels and nanogels.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sebastian Barata-Vallejo, Konrad Skotnicki, Carla Ferreri, Bronislaw Marciniak, Krzysztof Bobrowski, Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu
Summary: The conversion of ribonucleosides to 2'-deoxyribonucleosides is catalyzed by ribonucleoside reductase enzymes. This study achieved the bioinspired conversion of ketones to alcohols through the intermediacy of disulfide radical anion of cysteine in water, with high concentrations of cysteine and pH 10.6 required for high-yielding reactions. The research also found that the rate constants of three cyclic ketones ranged from 10^4 to 10^5 M(-1)s(-1) at approximately 22 degrees C.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Agustin Millet, Paul T. Cesana, Kassandra Sedillo, Matthew J. Bird, Gabriela S. Schlau-Cohen, Abigail G. Doyle, David W. C. MacMillan, Gregory D. Scholes
Summary: Photoredox catalysis allows for milder, cheaper, and more environmentally friendly chemical reactions. The BioLEC Energy Frontier Research Center aims to utilize bioinspired schemes to promote the application of photoredox catalysis in chemical manufacturing, reducing energy consumption and emissions. This review highlights the major advances made by the Center, emphasizing the impact of interdisciplinary collaboration on the field's progress.
ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Alexandra Bourgouin, Thomas Hackel, Ralf-Peter Kapsch
Summary: The objective of this investigation is to establish the water calorimeter as the primary standard in PTB's ultra-high pulse dose rate (UHPDR) 20 MeV reference electron beams. The measurements were performed at the PTB research linac facility using the UHPDR reference electron beam setups. The water calorimeter is considered to be an established primary standard for the higher energy UHPDR reference electron beams.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sarah Al Gharib, Pierre Archirel, Daniel Adjei, Jacqueline Belloni, Mehran Mostafavi
Summary: The oxidation mechanism of crocin, a major compound of saffron, by the free OH· radical was investigated using various techniques. The absorption spectra and reaction rate constants of the transient species were determined. The antioxidant properties of crocin were highlighted based on experimental and theoretical investigations.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
James R. Hemmer, Chris Rader, Bodo D. Wilts, Christoph Weder, Jose Augusto Berrocal
Summary: The study introduces a new mechanochromic triarylmethane mechanophore that dissociates through scissile heterolytic pathway and exhibits a pronounced mechanochromic response. This mechanophore can be incorporated as a cross-linker into polymer networks and undergo color change upon compression or tensile deformation.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
A. Prasselsperger, M. Coughlan, N. Breslin, M. Yeung, C. Arthur, H. Donnelly, S. White, M. Afshari, M. Speicher, R. Yang, B. Villagomez-Bernabe, F. J. Currell, J. Schreiber, B. Dromey
Summary: Understanding proton energy deposition and damage formation in matter is crucial for radiation science. Using picosecond resolution of laser-driven accelerators, ultrafast solvation dynamics for electrons due to proton radiolysis in liquid water were tracked. Results suggest a highly dynamic phase after proton interaction that current models do not account for, supported by magneto-hydrodynamic theory.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Willem H. Koppenol
Summary: According to the literature, the Fenton reaction produces hydroxyl radicals at low pH and 25 degrees C. The formation of oxidoiron(2+), FeO2+, and its corresponding Gibbs energy of formation can be estimated based on observed reactions and assumptions. The presence of HCO3- leads to the formation of FeCO3(aq) and may facilitate the formation of the intermediate [FeHOO](+).
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hanqin Weng, Yi Wang, Fuhai Li, Yusa Muroya, Shinichi Yamashita, Sheng Cheng
Summary: A non-contact photoreduction method was developed to selectively recover platinum group metals (PGMs) from high-level radioactive liquid waste (HLLW). A three-step process was designed based on the photoreduction of different PGMs, achieving high separation ratios of Pd, Rh, and Ru from simulated HLLW while minimizing secondary radioactive wastes.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jacy K. Conrad, Kazuhiro Iwamatsu, Michael E. Woods, Ruchi Gakhar, Bobby Layne, Andrew R. Cook, Gregory P. Horne
Summary: The impact of iodide ions on the speciation and chemical kinetics of radiation-induced transient radicals in high temperature molten salts was studied using picosecond electron pulse irradiation techniques. It was found that the presence of iodide ions resulted in the formation of at least three overlapping species: e(S)(-), Cl-2(-), and ICl-. The newly observed interhalogen radical anion, ICl-, exhibited a lifetime on the order of microseconds over the investigated temperature range, and its decay mechanism was determined to be reaction with the Cl-2(-) radical anion. These findings have implications for the transport of fission-product iodine in molten salt reactor technologies.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wade C. Henke, Yun Peng, Alex A. Meier, Etsuko Fujita, David C. Grills, Dmitry E. Polyansky, James D. Blakemore
Summary: Protonation reactions of organometallic complexes often generate reactive metal hydrides. However, some organometallic species with Cp* ligands have been found to undergo ligand-centered protonation, leading to the generation of complexes with Cp*H ligands. This study investigates the kinetics and atomistic details of the protonation steps using time-resolved pulse radiolysis and stopped-flow spectroscopy. The results reveal the formation of an elusive hydride complex, Cp*Rh(H)(bpy), via the initial protonation, which further undergoes tautomerization to form Cp*H Rh(bpy). The spectroscopic monitoring of the reaction also shows that both the hydride and Cp*H complex can participate in further reactivity. The mechanistic roles of these intermediates provide insights for the design of catalytic systems using non-innocent cyclopentadienyl-type ligands.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dmitry E. Polyansky, Gerald F. Manbeck, Mehmed Z. Ertem
Summary: The formal reduction potentials of highly oxidizing and short-lived radical cations of substituted biphenyls generated in 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) were measured using a redox equilibrium ladder method. The effect of halide ion-radical interactions on the reduction potentials of biphenyls was investigated, and it was found that the measured potentials saturated at high Hammett sigma values, indicating the influence of ion-pairing and hemicolligation interactions. This study provides a convenient way to manipulate the energetics of electron transfer involving organic redox species.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Ravi Joshi
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2016)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ravi Joshi
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ravi Joshi
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ravi Joshi
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ravi Joshi
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Tapas K. Das, Seemita Banerjee, B. Vishwanadh, Ravi Joshi, V. Sudarsan
SOLID STATE SCIENCES
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ravi Joshi, Tapan K. Ghanty
CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS
(2013)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ravi Joshi, R. Gangabhagirathi, S. Venu, S. Adhikari, T. Mukherjee
FREE RADICAL RESEARCH
(2012)
Article
Physics, Applied
Kazuyuki Enomoto, Koji Arimitsu, Atsutaro Yoshizawa, Ravi Joshi, Hiroki Yamamoto, Akihiro Oshima, Takahiro Kozawa, Seiichi Tagawa
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2012)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ravi Joshi, Tapan K. Ghanty, Tulsi Mukherjee, Sergej Naumov
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
(2012)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ravi Joshi, R. Gangabhagirathi
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
(2015)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ravi Joshi, Tapan K. Ghanty, Tulsi Mukherjee
COMPUTATIONAL AND THEORETICAL CHEMISTRY
(2012)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ravi Joshi
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shashi P. Shukla, Anjana Sarkar, Soumyakanti Adhikari, Ravi Joshi, Tapan K. Ghanty, Tulsi Mukherjee
JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2010)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
A. Khallouqi, A. Halimi, O. El Rhazouani
Summary: A pediatric head phantom made of epoxy resin was used to evaluate radiation exposure in CT scans. The phantom demonstrated dosimetric properties comparable to commercially available phantoms, making it a practical and economical option for assessing radiation dose in children.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. Y. Shoeib, Doaa A. Ahmed, A. F. Abd-Elraheem
Summary: The research aims to measure and analyze the levels of radon concentration, radium concentration, and radon exhalation rates in geopolymer cement mixes, and assess their impact on indoor air quality. Results indicate that geopolymer cement materials are safe for use in construction, except for specific mixes.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. J. Leotlela
Summary: This article presents the results of radiochemical events/processes that occur when water is exposed to ionising radiation of charged particles (beta and alpha-particles). The idea of cogeneration becomes even more lucrative if we consider that hydrogen energy generation is clean (also known as green energy) because of its insignificant contribution to environmental pollution. These results supplement the fluctuation in effective dose theory/hypothesis of a previous study on time-dependent variations in the radiological health impact of an interim SNFS facility presented in 2021 (Leotlela, 2021).
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Vyacheslav Ivanovich Pavlenko, Roman Vladimirovich Sidelnikov, Vitaly Valerievich Kashibadze, Mikhail Igorevich Dobynde, Dmitry Alexandrovich Kartashov, Vyacheslav Alexandrovich Shurshakov
Summary: This work explores the possibility of using a polymer composite to protect against neutron radiation in space conditions. The study shows that the proposed polymer composite has high structural properties necessary for use in space. Monte Carlo simulation is used to evaluate the neutron radiation passage through the material. The results demonstrate that the protective layer made of the polymer composite is thinner and more suitable for spacecraft, which is crucial due to limited space on board.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Islam G. Alhindawy, M. I. Sayyed, Dalal Abdullah Aloraini, Aljawhara H. Almuqrin, Mohammad S. Alomar, Gaber A. Elawadi, K. A. Mahmoud
Summary: This study investigated the effects of Neodymium (III) nitrate hexahydrate and lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate on the structural and radiation shielding properties of zircon mineral, and a new La/Nb-doped ZrO2 nanocomposite was fabricated. Experimental techniques such as energy-dispersive X-ray, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction pattern were used to analyze the structure and composition of the fabricated nanocomposites. Monte Carlo simulation was employed to evaluate the gamma-ray shielding properties. The results showed that the fabricated composites had good shielding characteristics, with a shielding capacity of 30-50% compared to pure lead in the intermediate energy range of 0.244-2.506 MeV.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hassan Salah, Mohammed Alkhorayef, Layal Jambi, Mohammed Almuwanis, Abdelmoneim Sulieman
Summary: Cardiovascular nuclear medicine imaging examinations expose patients to high doses of ionizing radiation. This study assessed the radiation doses and public exposure in cardiac rest and stress SPECT scans. The effective dose from cardiac stress was higher than previous studies, which may be influenced by clinical indication imaging protocols and radiation safety measures.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Leandro Barbosa da Silveira Gatto, Delson Braz, Leonardo Pacifico, Paulo Travassos, Luis Alexandre Goncalves Magalhaes
Summary: This study evaluated the mean glandular dose (MGD) in mammography using a computed radiography (CR) system with a solid-state detector. Irradiations and simulations were conducted to determine the MGD and spectra for the same conditions. The results showed that the glandular dose was below the acceptable levels and the spectra were mostly in accordance with the literature.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mawya Khafaji, Rashid Barnawi, Salma Amoudi, Hassan Gabbani, Rayan Alhazmi, Rayan Ahyad, Khalid Alsafi, Khuld Saeedi, Hassan Salah, Nissren Tamam, David Bradley, Sarah Albahiti, Abdelmoneim Sulieman
Summary: This study aimed to calculate typical values for common pediatric studies at King Abdulaziz University Hospital and compare them with other studies. The results showed that radiation dose levels in pediatric CT examinations were generally lower compared to other studies.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Faisal Almisned, Iskender Akkurt, Nurdan Karpuz
Summary: In this study, cross sections of medical radioisotopes were calculated using level density models. The results were compared with experimental data and it was found that the GSM level density models generally yielded consistent conclusions.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shokufeh Saeid, Neda Mollakhalili-meybodi, Fateme Akrami Mohajeri, Farzan Madadizadeh, Elham Khalili Sadrabad
Summary: This study found that gamma irradiation significantly reduces the saponin and phytic acid content of quinoa. At a dose of 2.5 kGy, it can effectively reduce saponin and phytic acid without significantly damaging the antioxidant compounds.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Maria Demeter, Ion Calina, Anca Scarisoreanu, Valentina Mitran, Marcela Popa, Anisoara Cimpean, Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc, Marin Micutz, Elena Matei, Bogdana Mitu
Summary: Novel biocompatible composite hydrogels with good elastic and antimicrobial properties were synthesized by e-beam cross-linking using chitosan, water-soluble polymers, and silver nanoparticles (AgNP). The composite hydrogels showed high stability, absorption capability specific to infected wounds, and biocompatibility. The antimicrobial activity was influenced by the amount of AgNP and cross-linking degree, with significant inhibition against Gram-negative bacteria.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Anuor AT. Ayoub, Yushou Song, Mamoun IA. Sagiroun
Summary: This paper presents an assessment of the radiological hazard for humans from nuclear power plant effluent released into a river under normal operation scenarios. The study concludes that the radiological hazard from this effluent is minimal and within acceptable limits according to international standards. It also highlights the potential hazards related to the higher concentration of 137Cs in sediments over time.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Irabati Chakraborty, Nidhi Sinha, Bobby Antony
Summary: This article investigates the electron impact ionization of prebiotic molecules within the interstellar medium. By calculating the electron impact ionization cross section, the study provides insights into the chemistry of these molecules and their interaction with electrons, which play a vital role in the emergence of life's essential building blocks.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
C. V. Vishnu, Antony Joseph
Summary: This study investigated the gamma-ray shielding properties of composite materials made from natural rubber with different proportions of Barium Tungstate. The addition of Barium Tungstate significantly improved the characteristics of gamma radiation shielding. The experimental measurements showed good agreement with theoretical calculations obtained from simulation results.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Derya Mutlu, Idris Karagoz, Harun Sepetcioglu, Urkiye Akar Tarim, Orhan Gurler
Summary: This study examined the properties of epoxy composites with dendritic copper particles and found that the addition of copper particles improved the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of the composites. The glass transition temperature of the composites could be adjusted by varying the copper particle ratio. The study also evaluated the shielding properties of epoxy-based composites against gamma radiation and found that the addition of copper particles significantly altered the microstructure and mechanical properties of the composites.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)