Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Debolina Ghosh, Megha Basak, Deepmoni Deka, Gopal Das
Summary: The innovation of novel chemosensor probes for the recognition of trace volatile organic compounds is critical due to their hazardous effect on the environment and human health. A nitro-group integrated quinoxaline probe was fabricated into guar gum and icarrageenan to develop compact, portable fluorogenic hydrogel sensors. Different characterizations were conducted to determine the overall compatibility of the hydrogel-based sensors for use as a smart rapid detection tool.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Maria Nikitina, Nataliya Kochkina, Marianna Arinina, Valery Kulichikhin, Irina Terekhova
Summary: This study aims to develop a kCR gel with increased MTX content by using beta CD to increase drug concentration. The rheological behavior of the designed gels and the influence of MTX and beta CD on their viscoelastic properties were investigated. The effect of beta CD and its concentration on MTX release rate from kCR gels was examined. The differences in properties between kappa- and iota-carrageenans loaded with MTX were explained based on different binding affinities of MTX to these polymers.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Gbolahan Afuwape, Reghan J. Hill
Summary: This study investigates the dynamic mobility spectra of nanoemulsion drops in polyacrylamide hydrogels using electrokinetic sonic amplitude. The nanodrop radius in hydrogels is found to be similar to their nanoemulsion counterparts, with frequency-independent shear viscosity and shear modulus. The low-frequency plateau modulus systematically increases with the hexadecane volume fraction.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jun-ichi Horinaka, Hiroshi Takagaki, Tomoya Tanaka, Toshikazu Takigawa
Summary: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the network structure of x-carrageenan hydrogels and their mechanical properties. The results show that the gel prepared at 5 g/L has a higher Young's modulus compared to the gel prepared at 30 g/L, and it exhibits plastic deformation during cyclic deformations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Hileia K. S. Souza, Wala Kraiem, Amine Ben Yahia, Adel Aschi, Loic Hilliou
Summary: Hybrid carrageenans, also known as kappa-2 (K2) or weak kappa, are sulfated polysaccharides extracted from specific species of red seaweeds. They have thermo-reversible gelling properties and are gaining interest in industry due to their intermediate texturizing properties. However, further research is needed to fully understand their chemical structure and how it affects their gel formation and rheological properties.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Doreen Chan, Jun-Chau Chien, Eneko Axpe, Louis Blankemeier, Samuel W. Baker, Sarath Swaminathan, Victoria A. Piunova, Dmitry Yu Zubarev, Caitlin L. Maikawa, Abigail K. Grosskopf, Joseph L. Mann, H. Tom Soh, Eric A. Appel
Summary: In this study, a combinatorial library of polyacrylamide-based copolymer hydrogels was created to discover and evaluate novel anti-biofouling materials. It was found that certain nonintuitive copolymer compositions exhibit superior anti-biofouling properties over current gold-standard materials.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Qiongjun Xu, Rui Wu, Zhaoyang Yuan, Hao Liang, Yu Shi, Hu Xu, Haitao Wu, Jing Zheng, Jinrong Wu
Summary: This study proposes a new strategy for the construction of durable and heat-resistant polyacrylamide hydrogels using vinylated modified polylysine (PLL) as a cross-linker. The hydrogels exhibit high stretchability, good notch insensitivity, and heat resistance, making them potential temporary water-plugging agents for heterogeneous reservoirs in the oilfield.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yecheng Wang, Tenghao Yin, Zhigang Suo
Summary: Lap shear and peel tests are commonly used for measuring toughness of soft materials. Experimental results show that the toughness values determined by both methods are comparable, but toughness determined by lap shear tends to have more scattering than peel. This is possibly due to the statistical variation of cuts made by scissors. Further experiments confirm that pre-peeling the specimen and using spacers of different thicknesses can reduce the scattering of toughness values in lap shear and peel tests.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yecheng Wang, Guodong Nian, Junsoo Kim, Zhigang Suo
Summary: Synthesis-property relation is crucial in materials science, but still poorly understood for many materials. In this study, the synthesis-property relation of polyacrylamide hydrogels prepared by free radical polymerization is investigated. The results show that crosslinks decrease the strength of hydrogels, while entanglements do not. Additionally, both crosslinks and entanglements increase the modulus of the hydrogels.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shuang Wu, Dongyang Lou, Hongyang Wang, Dingqing Jiang, Xiao Fang, Jianqiang Meng, Xiaoyi Sun, Juan Li
Summary: Stretchable carrageenan-based double-network hydrogel has great potential in flexible energy storage devices. By using a high-temperature synthesis method, a CG/polyacrylamide DN hydrogel with high LiCl concentration was fabricated to achieve high conductivity at sub-zero temperatures. When incorporating small amounts of KCl, the resulting CG/PAAm-7Li/K DN hydrogel showed strong tensile properties and achieved high conductivity, demonstrating excellent low-temperature electrochemical performance in a flexible supercapacitor.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Danny Moncada, Maite Rico, Belen Montero, Saddys Rodriguez-Llamazares, Sandra Feijoo-Bandin, Oreste Gualillo, Francisca Lago, Alana Aragon-Herrera, Horacio Salavagione, Natalia Pettinelli, Rebeca Bouza, Yousof Farrag
Summary: Injectable hybrid hydrogels based on physically crosslinked natural biopolymers and green graphene are developed for potential use in tissue engineering. The addition of graphene improves the mechanical properties and stability of the hydrogels without affecting their injectability. The hybrid hydrogels with graphene content of up to 0.05 w/v% exhibit good biocompatibility and hold promise as materials for tissue repair.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hongrui Chen, Di Wu, Wuchao Ma, Chao Wu, Yongqi Tian, Shaoyun Wang, Ming Du
Summary: The study involved the preparation of strong fish gelatin hydrogels by introducing kappa-carrageenan to the gelatin solution, overcoming the weak mechanical properties of traditional gelatin hydrogels. The modified hydrogels exhibited extraordinary hardness and storage modulus, showing potential applications in the fields of food and materials.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Allison L. Chau, Chelsea E. R. Edwards, Matthew E. Helgeson, Angela A. Pitenis
Summary: Hydrogels are widely used in the biomedical industry due to their tunability, biocompatibility, and similar water content to tissues. By controlling the polymerization conditions, the surface structure of hydrogels can be modified, leading to the formation of a polymer concentration gradient. Polymerizing hydrogels at high oxygen concentrations results in the formation of a thicker and less concentrated preswollen surface gel layer compared to low oxygen environments.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Prim Chanklinhorm, Thitirat Rattanawongwiboon, Sarute Ummartyotin
Summary: Cellulose was successfully purified from sugarcane bagasse using gamma irradiation technique and blended with polyacrylamide hydrogel to form a composite material. The composite exhibited outstanding properties and has potential applications in the agricultural field.
JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Alejandra Ortega, Silvia Valencia, Ernesto Rivera, Tania Segura, Guillermina Burillo
Summary: In this paper, the synthesis of acrylamide hydrogels reinforced with cellulose nanocrystals using gamma radiation was reported. The cellulose nanocrystals had a notable influence over the swelling and mechanical properties, resulting in a more rigid material. The reinforced hydrogels showed the ability to load large amounts of ciprofloxacin, but released the drug quickly.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
A. Khallouqi, A. Halimi, O. El Rhazouani
Summary: A pediatric head phantom made of epoxy resin was used to evaluate radiation exposure in CT scans. The phantom demonstrated dosimetric properties comparable to commercially available phantoms, making it a practical and economical option for assessing radiation dose in children.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. Y. Shoeib, Doaa A. Ahmed, A. F. Abd-Elraheem
Summary: The research aims to measure and analyze the levels of radon concentration, radium concentration, and radon exhalation rates in geopolymer cement mixes, and assess their impact on indoor air quality. Results indicate that geopolymer cement materials are safe for use in construction, except for specific mixes.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. J. Leotlela
Summary: This article presents the results of radiochemical events/processes that occur when water is exposed to ionising radiation of charged particles (beta and alpha-particles). The idea of cogeneration becomes even more lucrative if we consider that hydrogen energy generation is clean (also known as green energy) because of its insignificant contribution to environmental pollution. These results supplement the fluctuation in effective dose theory/hypothesis of a previous study on time-dependent variations in the radiological health impact of an interim SNFS facility presented in 2021 (Leotlela, 2021).
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Vyacheslav Ivanovich Pavlenko, Roman Vladimirovich Sidelnikov, Vitaly Valerievich Kashibadze, Mikhail Igorevich Dobynde, Dmitry Alexandrovich Kartashov, Vyacheslav Alexandrovich Shurshakov
Summary: This work explores the possibility of using a polymer composite to protect against neutron radiation in space conditions. The study shows that the proposed polymer composite has high structural properties necessary for use in space. Monte Carlo simulation is used to evaluate the neutron radiation passage through the material. The results demonstrate that the protective layer made of the polymer composite is thinner and more suitable for spacecraft, which is crucial due to limited space on board.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Islam G. Alhindawy, M. I. Sayyed, Dalal Abdullah Aloraini, Aljawhara H. Almuqrin, Mohammad S. Alomar, Gaber A. Elawadi, K. A. Mahmoud
Summary: This study investigated the effects of Neodymium (III) nitrate hexahydrate and lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate on the structural and radiation shielding properties of zircon mineral, and a new La/Nb-doped ZrO2 nanocomposite was fabricated. Experimental techniques such as energy-dispersive X-ray, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction pattern were used to analyze the structure and composition of the fabricated nanocomposites. Monte Carlo simulation was employed to evaluate the gamma-ray shielding properties. The results showed that the fabricated composites had good shielding characteristics, with a shielding capacity of 30-50% compared to pure lead in the intermediate energy range of 0.244-2.506 MeV.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hassan Salah, Mohammed Alkhorayef, Layal Jambi, Mohammed Almuwanis, Abdelmoneim Sulieman
Summary: Cardiovascular nuclear medicine imaging examinations expose patients to high doses of ionizing radiation. This study assessed the radiation doses and public exposure in cardiac rest and stress SPECT scans. The effective dose from cardiac stress was higher than previous studies, which may be influenced by clinical indication imaging protocols and radiation safety measures.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Leandro Barbosa da Silveira Gatto, Delson Braz, Leonardo Pacifico, Paulo Travassos, Luis Alexandre Goncalves Magalhaes
Summary: This study evaluated the mean glandular dose (MGD) in mammography using a computed radiography (CR) system with a solid-state detector. Irradiations and simulations were conducted to determine the MGD and spectra for the same conditions. The results showed that the glandular dose was below the acceptable levels and the spectra were mostly in accordance with the literature.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mawya Khafaji, Rashid Barnawi, Salma Amoudi, Hassan Gabbani, Rayan Alhazmi, Rayan Ahyad, Khalid Alsafi, Khuld Saeedi, Hassan Salah, Nissren Tamam, David Bradley, Sarah Albahiti, Abdelmoneim Sulieman
Summary: This study aimed to calculate typical values for common pediatric studies at King Abdulaziz University Hospital and compare them with other studies. The results showed that radiation dose levels in pediatric CT examinations were generally lower compared to other studies.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Faisal Almisned, Iskender Akkurt, Nurdan Karpuz
Summary: In this study, cross sections of medical radioisotopes were calculated using level density models. The results were compared with experimental data and it was found that the GSM level density models generally yielded consistent conclusions.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shokufeh Saeid, Neda Mollakhalili-meybodi, Fateme Akrami Mohajeri, Farzan Madadizadeh, Elham Khalili Sadrabad
Summary: This study found that gamma irradiation significantly reduces the saponin and phytic acid content of quinoa. At a dose of 2.5 kGy, it can effectively reduce saponin and phytic acid without significantly damaging the antioxidant compounds.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Maria Demeter, Ion Calina, Anca Scarisoreanu, Valentina Mitran, Marcela Popa, Anisoara Cimpean, Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc, Marin Micutz, Elena Matei, Bogdana Mitu
Summary: Novel biocompatible composite hydrogels with good elastic and antimicrobial properties were synthesized by e-beam cross-linking using chitosan, water-soluble polymers, and silver nanoparticles (AgNP). The composite hydrogels showed high stability, absorption capability specific to infected wounds, and biocompatibility. The antimicrobial activity was influenced by the amount of AgNP and cross-linking degree, with significant inhibition against Gram-negative bacteria.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Anuor AT. Ayoub, Yushou Song, Mamoun IA. Sagiroun
Summary: This paper presents an assessment of the radiological hazard for humans from nuclear power plant effluent released into a river under normal operation scenarios. The study concludes that the radiological hazard from this effluent is minimal and within acceptable limits according to international standards. It also highlights the potential hazards related to the higher concentration of 137Cs in sediments over time.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Irabati Chakraborty, Nidhi Sinha, Bobby Antony
Summary: This article investigates the electron impact ionization of prebiotic molecules within the interstellar medium. By calculating the electron impact ionization cross section, the study provides insights into the chemistry of these molecules and their interaction with electrons, which play a vital role in the emergence of life's essential building blocks.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
C. V. Vishnu, Antony Joseph
Summary: This study investigated the gamma-ray shielding properties of composite materials made from natural rubber with different proportions of Barium Tungstate. The addition of Barium Tungstate significantly improved the characteristics of gamma radiation shielding. The experimental measurements showed good agreement with theoretical calculations obtained from simulation results.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Derya Mutlu, Idris Karagoz, Harun Sepetcioglu, Urkiye Akar Tarim, Orhan Gurler
Summary: This study examined the properties of epoxy composites with dendritic copper particles and found that the addition of copper particles improved the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of the composites. The glass transition temperature of the composites could be adjusted by varying the copper particle ratio. The study also evaluated the shielding properties of epoxy-based composites against gamma radiation and found that the addition of copper particles significantly altered the microstructure and mechanical properties of the composites.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)