Review
Oncology
Siyu Zhang, Mingrong Yu, Dan Chen, Peidong Li, Bin Tang, Jie Li
Summary: This review summarizes the applications, limitations and prospects of MRI-based radiomics in the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Radiomics uses high-dimensional quantitative features extracted from medical imaging data to predict treatment response and prognosis, and has the potential to become an imaging biomarker for treatment prediction. However, there are still limitations and challenges in its current application.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ning Li, Yuan Zhu, Lu-Ying Liu, Yan-Ru Feng, Wen-Ling Wang, Jun Wang, Hao Wang, Gao-Feng Li, Yuan Tang, Chen Hu, Wen-Yang Liu, Hua Ren, Shu-Lian Wang, Wei-Hu Wang, Yong-Wen Song, Yue-Ping Liu, Hui Fang, Yu Tang, Ning-Ning Lu, Bo Chen, Shu-Nan Qi, Xin-Fan Liu, Ye-Xiong Li, Jing Jin
Summary: The addition of oxaliplatin to postoperative capecitabine-based chemoradiotherapy did not improve treatment efficacy but increased the risk of severe acute toxic effects. Postoperative capecitabine with radiotherapy plays a fundamental role in the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fuqiang Wang, Boon Fei Tan, Sharon Shuxian Poh, Tian Rui Siow, Faye Lynette Wei Tching Lim, Connie Siew Poh Yip, Michael Lian Chek Wang, Wenlong Nei, Hong Qi Tan
Summary: A feasibility study investigated the role of CT-based radiomics in predicting treatment response and survival rates in rectal cancer patients. By constructing NAR and survival models, radiomics features were found to be more accurate in predicting outcomes. CTV radiomics features were especially important in NAR prediction.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alfonso Martin-Carnicero, Enrique Ramalle-Gomara, Susana Rubio-Mediavilla, Martina Alonso-Lago, Miriam Zorrilla-Larraga, Isabel Manrique-Abos, Maria E. de las Heras-Duena, Ignacio M. Larrayoz, Alfredo Martinez
Summary: This retrospective study focuses on the clinical, analytical, and pathological parameters of locally advanced rectal cancer patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and surgery. The study found that lower hemoglobin levels, lower lymphocyte/monocyte ratio, and higher platelet/lymphocyte ratio were associated with relapse. Additionally, the number of positive nodes after surgery and KRAS mutations were linked to worse prognosis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Oliver J. Ott, Cihan Gani, Lars H. Lindner, Manfred Schmidt, Ulf Lamprecht, Sultan Abdel-Rahman, Axel Hinke, Thomas Weissmann, Arndt Hartmann, Rolf D. Issels, Daniel Zips, Claus Belka, Robert Grutzmann, Rainer Fietkau
Summary: The HyRec trial evaluated an intensified neoadjuvant and multimodality treatment schedule for locally recurrent rectal cancer patients, showing promising efficacy and high feasibility, with comparable toxicities and very high pathologically confirmed complete remission rates.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Toru Tochigi, Sophia C. Kamran, Anushri Parakh, Yoshifumi Noda, Balaji Ganeshan, Lawrence S. Blaszkowsky, David P. Ryan, Jill N. Allen, David L. Berger, Jennifer Y. Wo, Theodore S. Hong, Avinash Kambadakone
Summary: This study assessed the use of CT-based fractal dimension and texture analysis in predicting the therapeutic response to nCRT in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. The research found that fractal dimension was a significant parameter for predicting the efficacy of nCRT.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Pritam Tayshetye, Andrew J. Friday, Ashten N. Omstead, Tanvi Verma, Stacey Miller, Ping Zheng, Prashant Jani, Ali Zaidi, Gene Finley
Summary: Localized rectal cancer is currently managed with neoadjuvant therapy before surgery, and immunotherapy has entered the treatment paradigm for advanced rectal cancer. Clinical trials incorporating immunotherapy in the neoadjuvant settings are underway, and better understanding of the tumor microenvironment and specific biomarkers is needed. This study analyzes changes in the tumor microenvironment following neoadjuvant chemoradiation and suggests that upregulated biomarkers could be used for clinical trials and targeted drug development.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Deborah Schrag, Qian Shi, Martin R. Weiser, Marc J. Gollub, Leonard B. Saltz, Benjamin L. Musher, Joel Goldberg, Tareq Al Baghdadi, Karyn A. Goodman, Robert R. McWilliams, Jeffrey M. Farma, Thomas J. George, Hagen F. Kennecke, Ardaman Shergill, Michael Montemurro, Garth D. Nelson, Brian Colgrove, Vallerie Gordon, Alan P. Venook, Eileen M. O'Reilly, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, Amylou C. Dueck, Ethan Basch, George J. Chang, Harvey J. Mamon
Summary: Preoperative FOLFOX chemotherapy is as effective as preoperative chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer eligible for sphincter-sparing surgery.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Hans-Joachim Schmoll, Alexander Stein, Eric Van Cutsem, Timothy Price, Ralf D. Hofheinz, Bernard Nordlinger, Jean-Francois Daisne, Jos Janssens, Baruch Brenner, Hans Reinel, Stephan Hollerbach, Karel Caca, Florian Fauth, Carla V. Hannig, John Zalcberg, Niall Tebbutt, Murielle E. Mauer, Sandrine Marreaud, Manfred P. Lutz, Karin Haustermans
Summary: The PETACC 6 trial investigated the addition of oxaliplatin to preoperative capecitabine-based chemoradiation and postoperative capecitabine in locally advanced rectal cancer, but found no improvement in efficacy and instead noted impaired tolerability and feasibility.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Darlene Rodrigues, Joana Simoes, Laetitia Teixeira, Fatima Aires, Catarina Fernandes, Carmen Rey, Cristina Sarmento, Margarida Marques
Summary: The study revealed a high prevalence of anemia among elderly rectal cancer patients, with baseline anemia associated with shorter LARC-free interval and significantly higher risks of mortality. Patients over 75 years old had a negative impact on overall survival and LARC-specific survival. No significant impact was found for age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index on survival outcomes.
SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jessica M. Keilson, Adriana C. Gamboa, Michael K. Turgeon, Lillias Maguire, Katherine Hrebinko, Jennifer Holder-Murray, Jason T. Wiseman, Aslam Ejaz, Alexander T. Hawkins, Ebunoluwa Otegbeye, Matthew Silviera, Shishir K. Maithel, Glen C. Balch
Summary: This study evaluates the need for adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma who have pathologic lymph node (pLN)-negative disease after receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy. The results show that adjuvant chemotherapy does not appear to improve survival in patients with pLN-negative disease, while it is associated with improved survival in patients with pLN-positive disease.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yohan Lee, Sunghyun Kim, Hyejung Cha, Jae Hun Han, Hyun Joon Choi, Eun Go, Sei Hwan You
Summary: This study demonstrates the feasibility and potential therapeutic effects of using 13.56 MHz modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT) boost in neoadjuvant treatment for rectal cancer. It also suggests that mEHT could be a useful tool in combination treatment with radiotherapy due to its low thermotoxicity and improved treatment compliance.
Article
Oncology
Tae Hyun Kim, Yoonjin Kwak, Changhoon Song, Hye Seung Lee, Duck-Woo Kim, Heung-Kwon Oh, Jin Won Kim, Keun-Wook Lee, Sung-Bum Kang, Jae-Sung Kim
Summary: The study investigated the prognostic role of glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). The results showed that post-chemoradiotherapy (CRT) GLUT-1 status was significantly correlated with worse distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and overall survival (OS).
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Han-Gil Kim, Ho Seung Kim, Seung Yoon Yang, Yoon Dae Han, Min Soo Cho, Hyuk Hur, Byung Soh Min, Kang Young Lee, Nam Kyu Kim
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the risk factors and prognostic impact of early recurrence in locally advanced rectal cancer patients who received preoperative chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision. Results showed that tumor regression grade and positive ypN stage were independent predictors of early recurrence in patients with early recurrence after pCRT followed by TME.
ASIAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Fei Li, Chi Zhang, Liping Xu, Sheng Zhang, Dongsheng Zhang, Yan Leng, Chenjiang Wu, Jiayan Chen, Xinchen Sun
Summary: Capecitabine-based nCRT in locally advanced rectal cancer patients showed high rates of survival and sphincter preservation. ypTNM stage and MRF status on magnetic resonance imaging were significant factors for patient prognosis.