Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Esra Cinan, Demet Yilmaz
Summary: In this study, effective atomic numbers of various boron compounds were measured using gamma rays and theoretically calculated with good agreement. A calibration curve was obtained for qualitative analysis of compounds within a certain range of effective atomic numbers.
APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ozan Toker, Bayram Bilmez, Ozgur Akcali, Melis Ozsahin Toker, Orhan Icelli
Summary: A Monte Carlo simulation method was proposed for determining effective atomic numbers, showing acceptable agreement with experimental and theoretical results, and suitable for various material types with insensitivity to experimental details.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Demet Yilmaz, Ali Gurol
Summary: In this study, samples with different effective atomic numbers were prepared by mixing powders through matrix dilution method. The variation of intensity ratios with effective atomic number was investigated, and reliable calibration curves for overlapping peak analyzes were obtained in EDXRF. The results show that the investigated intensity ratios can be used for qualitative analysis of composite materials.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Izdihar Kamal, Hairil Rashmizal Abdul Razak, Muhammad Khalis Abdul Karim, Syamsiah Mashohor, Josephine Ying Chyi Liew, Yiin Jian Low, Nur Atiqah Zaaba, Mazlan Norkhairunnisa, Nur Athirah Syima Mohd Rafi
Summary: This study evaluated the influence of hydrogen silicone and water on blended Polydimethylsiloxane samples, and identified the best material to simulate kidney tissue. The findings suggest that samples with a certain proportion of hydrogen silicone and water are more suitable for simulating human kidney.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
B. M. Sankarshan, C. D. Athrey, T. K. Umesh
Summary: In this study, Compton profiles of archaeologically important samples were normalized using effective atomic number determined from their single differential scattering cross section. The normalized profiles show good agreement with the values based on free atom Hartree-Fock wave function. Analyzing the trend of normalized Compton profiles can discriminate among different samples, allowing for characterization and provenance classification.
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jian Huang, Jinghua Chen, Ximing Wang, Ling Hao, Jinfeng Zhang, Xiaohui Zhang, Zhihong Sheng, Kefu Liu
Summary: This study investigated the diagnostic value of quantitative parameters of spectral CT in ischaemic stroke areas. The results showed that the Zeff, iodine-no-water value, and iodine density value of the ischaemic area were significantly lower than those of non-ischaemic tissue, and these quantitative parameters could effectively differentiate the ischaemic area from non-ischaemic tissue. Therefore, spectral CT may be a potential novel rapid method for identifying AIS.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. T. Ozsahin, S. Kalecik, O. Toker, Y. Kurucu, O. Icelli
Summary: Researchers have long been searching for different methods to determine the effective atomic number of materials, but existing methods have limitations. This study proposes a practical simulation method that considers all parameters in a virtual environment, and its results are in good agreement with other methods.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kamal Izdihar, Hairil Rashmizal Abdul Razak, Nurzulaikha Supion, Muhammad Khalis Abdul Karim, Nurul Huda Osman, Mazlan Norkhairunnisa
Summary: By adjusting the concentration ratios of base to curing agent, the elastic modulus and tensile strength of PDMS can be modified. PDMS exhibits a similar effective atomic number to human kidney tissue at intermediate energy levels, indicating its potential for use as a stable kidney phantom in medical imaging applications.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Norlaili A. Kabir, Franca Oyiwoja Okoh, Mohd Fahmi Mohd Yusof
Summary: This study explores methods to fabricate and characterize mammography phantoms, analyzing elemental composition, effective atomic number, electron density, attenuation coefficient, and CT number to show similarity with water and breast tissue. Various analytical techniques and software were used to provide effective strategies for phantom preparation.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Izdihar Kamal, Muhammad Khalis Abdul Karim, Hanif Haspi Harun, Hairil Rashmizal Abdul Razak, Low Yiin Jian, Josephine Liew Ying Chyi, Mohd Mustafa Awang Kechik
Summary: Chemical compounds like PDMS and HS are widely used in medical phantom fabrication due to their tissue-like properties. This study aimed to evaluate the radiation attenuation properties of different PDMS samples and found that pure PDMS has the highest mass attenuation coefficient. Samples with water and HS significantly influence radiation attenuation properties, with the S1 sample containing 80% PDMS and 20% water being suitable for simulating kidney tissues.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Caterina Ghetti, Ornella Ortenzia, Marco Bertolini, Giada Sceni, Nicola Sverzellati, Mario Silva, Michele Maddalo
Summary: The accuracy of spectral parameters quantification in dual energy lung CT examinations was evaluated using a dedicated phantom on four different CT scanners. Angular separation of Calcium and Iodine signals was calculated, and measurements were made using different technologies. Different technologies showed varying degrees of accuracy and precision, with DSCT performing the best and TwinBeam performing the worst.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Che Wook Yim, Ser Gi Hong
Summary: This study proposes an improved X-ray inspection method for identifying explosives during luggage inspection with high resolution of the effective atomic number. The method uses dual-energy X-ray beams and four detectors to acquire high-resolution data and shows good effectiveness in simulations.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Buxin Chen, Zheng Zhang, Dan Xia, Emil Y. Sidky, Xiaochuan Pan
Summary: The study investigates image reconstruction from limited-angular range (LAR) dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) data using a directional-total-variation (DTV) algorithm to minimize artifacts. Results show significantly reduced artifacts in monochromatic images obtained with the DTV algorithm, leading to accurate estimation of physical quantities. The findings suggest that monochromatic images and physical quantities estimated from LAR data are comparable to those obtained in full-angular range (FAR) DECT, showing potential practical application significance in DECT design with LAR scanning configurations.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Siti Hajar Zuber, Nurul Ab Aziz Hashikin, Mohd Fahmi Mohd Yusof, Mohd Zahri Abdul Aziz, Rokiah Hashim
Summary: The experimental particleboards made from Rhizophora spp. showed potential as phantom material for human soft tissue, with attenuation properties similar to water. The particleboards bonded with different percentages of lignin and soy flour exhibited good attenuation characteristics and could be suitable for radiation studies.
APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
P. V. Thulasi, Antony Joseph, K. M. Varier
Summary: The effective atomic numbers and electron densities of polymers used in medical applications were studied for gamma ray interactions in a wide energy range. The variations of these parameters with energy and chemical composition were analyzed and compared to experimental data, showing good agreement. Additionally, the kerma values of these polymers were calculated and found to remain constant within a specific energy range.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
