Article
Paleontology
Dmitry Gimranov, Pavel Kosintsev, Gennady F. Baryshnikov
Summary: The study examined the morphometric and morphotypic variability of cave bear lower incisors from different geographic regions, stratigraphic periods, and mitochondrial haplogroups. Results showed clear distinctions between Urals Ursus kanivetz and Caucasian U. kudarensis in morphology, with the former displaying more derived features. U. kanivetz had the largest average size of lower incisors, distinct from U. kudarensis, which also showed clear separation from other cave bear groups. The study suggests that cave bear incisors demonstrate a hypocarnivorous adaptation trend in the Spelearctos group during the Late Pleistocene.
COMPTES RENDUS PALEVOL
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Katerina Zareva-Simeonova, Venislava Spasova, Daniela Simeonovska-Nikolova
Summary: This study investigates the behavioral responses of captive brown bears to the odor of conspecific urine, finding that this olfactory stimulus can increase spontaneous behaviors and reduce stereotypic behaviors, thus contributing to the welfare improvement of brown bears.
APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Elzbieta Wojcik-Gront, Dariusz Gozdowski, Adriana Derejko, Rafal Pudelko
Summary: The study aims to determine the most important agronomic and environmental variables in soybean production in Central and Eastern Europe, finding that soybean yield variability is mainly influenced by water availability to plants and physical soil properties.
Article
Biology
Dmitry Gimranov, Herve Bocherens, Nadja Kavcik-Graumann, Doris Nagel, Gernot Rabeder
Summary: Based on morphological and metric analyses, the study found that the small-sized cave bears in Imanay Cave share great similarities with fossils from Kizel Cave in the Ural Mountains and small-bodied cave bears in the Alps. Compared with the fossils from the Ural Mountains, the teeth and metapodial bones of Imanay Cave bears are smaller but show a higher evolutionary level. Preliminary stable isotope analysis indicates that the small cave bears in Imanay Cave were herbivorous.
HISTORICAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Somaye Vali Zade, Hamid Abdollahi
Summary: Pattern recognition models establish the relationship between variables and object classes. Different algorithms are needed to account for variations in measured variables, object patterns, and relationship models. MCR-ALS method, which incorporates physical and chemical information, simplifies result interpretation. The efficiency of MCR-DA and PLS-DA methods were evaluated and compared for discriminating olive oil samples.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Alexsander Trevisan, Ana Maria Ribeiro, Atila Augusto Stock Da-Rosa, Patricia Hadler
Summary: The translation part introduces the distribution of Pleistocene South American fossil ursids of the extinct genus Arctotherium, with a focus on the findings in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. By anatomical description and body mass estimation, the bones are confirmed to belong to Arctotherium sp. The age and lithological correlations are also discussed, indicating a non-synchronous evolution of the Uruguay River basin during the Late Pleistocene.
QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jamile Silva da Costa, Jofre Jacob da Silva Freitas, William N. Setzer, Joyce Kelly R. da Silva, Jose Guilherme S. Maia, Pablo Luis B. Figueiredo
Summary: This study discovered the chemical variability in the essential oils of Myrcia sylvatica in the Amazon region, identifying four different chemical profiles.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Alyssa M. Bohart, Nicholas J. Lunn, Andrew E. Derocher, David McGeachy
Summary: Migration of polar bears is influenced by climate change, with decreasing ice concentration impacting their access to prey and movement patterns. Continued monitoring is crucial to understanding the environmental variables affecting their migration behavior.
BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Bruno Cesar Chaves de Oliveira, Jose Francisco de Oliveira-Junior, Carlos Rodrigues Pereira, Bruno Serafini Sobral, Givanildo de Gois, Gustavo Bastos Lyra, Emanuel Antunes Machado, Washington Luiz Felix Correia Filho, Amaury de Souza
Summary: This study conducted a detailed analysis of dry spells in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and found that different classes of dry spells have varying frequencies of occurrence. Results from Principal Component Analysis indicated that latitude, longitude, and elevation play a significant role in the spatial distribution of dry spells, particularly during the summer season. The high spatial-temporal variability of dry spells in the region is influenced by multi-scale meteorological systems, with a focus on frontal systems and physiographic factors.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
D. D. Deepika, Siddhant Ranjan Padhi, Padmavati G. Gore, Kuldeep Tripathi, Ashvinkumar Katral, Rahul Chandora, G. J. Abhishek, Vishal Kondal, Rakesh Singh, Rakesh Bharadwaj, Kailash C. Bhatt, Jai Chand Rana, Amritbir Riar
Summary: The adzuki bean, known for its rich nutritional composition, has the potential to address food and nutritional security for low socioeconomic classes and vegetarian populations worldwide. This study analyzed 100 diverse adzuki bean accessions and identified significant genotype variations for various nutritional traits. Promising accessions with high protein content and antioxidant activity were identified, and correlation analyses and principal component analysis provided insights into intertrait relationships. Nutri-dense accessions with high ash and protein content and low phytic acid were also identified, providing practical support for the development of high-value food and feed varieties.
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Johann Galdies
Summary: Bears in Pleistocene Europe exhibit marked evolution. Brown bears are omnivorous opportunists, while cave bears are an extinct species that gradually lowered their reproductive rate and eventually went extinct, possibly due to climatic changes.
Article
Mathematics
Sergei Aliukov, Jan Buleca
Summary: This article provides a multi-dimensional analysis of the macroeconomic situation in Europe, aiming to understand the relative position of European economies and their place in the overall economic system. Various methods, such as multi-dimensional scaling, cluster analysis, and factor analysis, were used for the analysis. The results have practical implications for macroeconomic reforms.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Lalita Gomez, Pavel Toropov, Chris R. Shepherd
Summary: This study examines the dynamics of bear trade, both legal and illegal, in the Russian Far East. It reveals that bear parts, such as paws, claws, and gall bladders, are illegally traded, especially to Asian markets. Meanwhile, legal bear trophies and parts are exported to the US and European countries. The study highlights the threats posed to bear populations in Russia by poaching and illegal trade.
TROPICAL CONSERVATION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Ivan Ramirez Pedraza, Gennady F. Baryshnikov, Natalya E. Prilepskaya, Ruslan I. Belyaev, Spyridoula Pappa, Florent Rivals
Summary: The study investigates the feeding habits of extinct cave bears through tooth wear analysis, revealing their preference for abrasive food items like dry grass or shrubs. It also shows niche partitioning between different extinct species, indicating avoidance of competition.
HISTORICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Therese Muzeniek, Thejanee Perera, Sahan Siriwardana, Dilara Bas, Fatimanur Bayram, Mizgin Oeruc, Beate Becker-Ziaja, Inoka Perera, Jagathpriya Weerasena, Shiroma Handunnetti, Franziska Schwarz, Gayani Premawansa, Sunil Premawansa, Wipula Yapa, Andreas Nitsche, Claudia Kohl
Summary: This study analyzed the virome composition of Miniopterus phillipsi bats in Sri Lanka. Two different coronaviruses and a paramyxovirus were detected in feces and urine samples. Sequences related to Picornaviridae, Iflaviridae, unclassified Riboviria, and Astroviridae were identified in feces and urine samples. Several novel viruses were also discovered in bats in Sri Lanka. Based on phylogenetic analysis, these viruses are closely related to bat-associated viruses with a low estimation of human pathogenic potential.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
A. Yu Puzachenko, A. K. Markova
QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
(2019)
Article
Biology
A. Yu. Puzachenko, A. K. Markova
Article
Geography, Physical
Gennady F. Baryshnikov, Andrey Y. Puzachenko
Article
Geography, Physical
A. Yu. Puzachenko, V. V. Titov, P. A. Kosintsev
Summary: This study investigates the transition of European large mammal fauna during the Middle Pleistocene-Late Pleistocene period by analyzing data across 18 European regional faunal assemblages. It examines changes in faunal composition, biodiversity parameters, and species turnover index within the MIS 6-MIS 4 time interval. Additionally, the study compares the evolution of European fauna during different transitions and explores the impact of global temperature changes on these transitions.
QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Anastasia K. Markova, Andrey L. Chepalyga, Andrey Yu Puzachenko
Summary: The study focused on analyzing small mammal and freshwater mollusk remains from the fluvial deposits of the Levada section in Moldova, revealing the species composition and evolutionary level of these remains. These findings placed them in the stratigraphic scale of Middle Pleistocene faunas of Eastern Europe, reflecting interglacial climate conditions and evolutionary levels corresponding to specific time periods in MIS units. The presence of certain characteristic species also indicated a warm climate similar to the Mediterranean.
QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
A. K. Markova, A. Yu Puzachenko
Summary: The analysis of European fossil small mammals during the Dnieper (Saale) Glaciation (MIS 6) revealed significant changes in species composition, distribution, and diversity. The faunas experienced cardinal changes within the subcontinent boundaries, with exceptions in the southern peninsulas. The transition to the Mikulino (Eem) Interglacial (MIS 5e) was marked by shifts in subarctic mammal species ranges, gradual restoration of the forest zone, and eastward shifts in steppe species ranges. Additionally, the faunas of the two periods differed in composition, with the former having a mixed composition and the latter exhibiting a zonal structure.
QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Biology
G. F. Baryshnikov, A. Y. Puzachenko
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Axel Barlow, Johanna L. A. Paijmans, Federica Alberti, Boris Gasparyan, Guy Bar-Oz, Ron Pinhasi, Irina Foronova, Andrey Y. Puzachenko, Martina Pacher, Love Dalen, Gennady Baryshnikov, Michael Hofreiter
Summary: Paleogenomics are valuable for studying evolutionary processes in real time, but challenges exist in recovering genetic data over extended timescales. Analysis of a 360,000 year old cave bear genome suggests widespread mito-nuclear discordance in the group, with mitochondrial transfer playing a key role in explaining the discordance. This study highlights the importance of petrous bones in extending the depth and time span of paleogenomic research.
Article
Geography, Physical
Yu. Andrey Puzachenko, A. Vladimir Levchenko, Fiona Bertuch, P. Elya Zazovskaya, V. Irina Kirillova
Summary: Uncertain chronology and data scarcity have hindered realistic reconstructions of megafauna extinctions in key regions like Beringia. This study analyzed the woolly rhinoceros distribution changes in the region based on new and previously published radiocarbon dates, identifying three waves separated by Heinrich events. The research suggests that ecological factors, rather than feed availability, played a key role in determining the woolly rhinoceros range over different climatic stages.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Zoology
Alexei Abramov, Andrey Yu Puzachenko
Summary: By analyzing morphometric variation in 23 cranial characters of 232 Mustela altaica specimens from its entire range, a geographical pattern of variation in cranial size and shape was revealed. This led to the comprehensive characterization of two morphological groups, with the first group confined to the southwestern part of the species range and the second group being widespread. The distribution of the two groups is consistent with the Out-of-Tibet hypothesis, with the first group presumably attributed to M. a. temon Hodgson, 1857, and the second group treated as nominotypical M. a. altaica Pallas, 1811.
JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Andrey Yu. Puzachenko, Anastasia K. Markova, Kamilla Paw l Owska
Summary: This study investigates the evolution of species composition and species richness in two Central European bioregional mammal assemblages from the Middle Pleistocene to the Middle Holocene. The study reveals non-linearity, nonstationary states, reversible and irreversible changes, and adaptive dynamics in the evolution of mammal assemblages. The results also show the response of regional faunas to global climate changes, with different contents, directions, and consequences mediated by current species composition and geographic positions. The study concludes that mammal assemblage evolution is a complex system with emergent properties and irreducibility of complexity.
QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Ecology
I. B. Rapoport, A. Yu Puzachenko, C. Csuzdi, N. L. Tsepkova
Summary: The earthworm fauna and population structure in the Colchic ecosystems of the Western Caucasus were investigated. 13 earthworm species were identified, with higher endemism compared to other regions in Russia. The composition of the earthworm samples in 2013 and 2018 was similar, but dominant species differed. The earthworm population in the secondary phytocenoses became more similar to other forests in the region.
RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS
(2022)
Article
Zoology
Natalia Yu. Feoktistova, Ilya G. Meschersky, Georgy I. Shenbrot, Andrey Yu. Puzachenko, Sergey I. Meschersky, Pavel L. Bogomolov, Alexey V. Surov
Summary: The phylogeographic structure of Cricetus cricetus across its entire range is described for the first time in this study. The modern phylogenetic structure was found to have formed 70-45 kyr BP, with interglacial periods proving more favorable for the species than glaciations, contrary to previous hypotheses. The observed decrease in population abundance and fragmentation of its range in natural habitats provide clear evidence of the significant role of anthropogenic factors in this process.
INTEGRATIVE ZOOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
A. Y. Puzachenko, I. V. Kirillova, F. K. Shidlovsky, V. A. Levchenko
Summary: This study explored sexual dimorphism and size/shape variability of woolly rhinoceros skulls for the first time using univariate and multivariate statistics. The results revealed statistically significant morphological heterogeneity within male and female samples, which may be attributed to the presence of two size groups not related to individual age. New radiocarbon dates of the studied specimens are needed to further test the hypothesis of a decrease in skull size in woolly rhinoceros from MIS 3 to MIS 2 in northeastern Asia.
Article
Zoology
G. F. Baryshnikov, A. Y. Puzachenko
ZOOLOGICHESKY ZHURNAL
(2019)