Article
Neurosciences
Erin A. Hazlett, Kim E. Goldstein, M. Mehmet Haznedar, Margaret M. McClure, M. Mercedes Perez-Rodriguez, Antonia S. New, Marianne Goodman, Usha Govindarajulu, Kalpana Nidhi Kapil-Pair, Abigail Feinberg, Emma Smith, Elen-Sarrah Dolgopolskaia
Summary: This study found that patients with BPD exhibit abnormalities in processing and habituation to unpleasant pictures, which are not observed in schizotypal personality disorder, suggesting that these deficits are specific to BPD. The results also show consistent findings with previous studies indicating deficient amygdala habituation to unpleasant pictures in BPD, and have implications for alternative therapies such as gradual exposure to unpleasant emotional stimuli or amygdala neurofeedback for BPD treatment.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Xiaoqin Yang, Liangjie Chen, Pengcheng Yang, Xiaodong Yang, Lei Liu, Liang Li
Summary: This study found that using a negative emotional-conditioned prepulse can enhance female attention and startle reflex, while perceptual spatial attention can also enhance startle reflex in both males and females. These results suggest that startle reflex is influenced by emotional, perceptual spatial attention, and sex.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Norberto E. E. Naal-Ruiz, Luz M. M. Alonso-Valerdi, David I. I. Ibarra-Zarate, Alba Serrano-Cena, Gustavo Navas-Reascos
Summary: This study aims to validate the IADS-2 database and additional sounds in a sample from the Mexican population. Results were consistent with previous research, but differences were found in terms of gender and geographic region.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Irene Jaen, Nieves Fuentes-Sanchez, Miguel A. Escrig, Carlos Suso-Ribera, Gustavo Reyes del Paso, M. Carmen Pastor
Summary: Resting heart rate variability (HRV) has been studied for its potential as a biomarker of emotion regulation, with higher HRV associated with more distinct responses to negative stimuli, but no evidence was found for an influence on eyeblink responses. Individuals may benefit from emotion regulation strategies regardless of resting HRV levels.
COGNITION & EMOTION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Maria Germann, Natalie J. Maffitt, Annie Poll, Marco Raditya, Jason S. K. Ting, Stuart N. Baker
Summary: Most current neuromodulation methods target the cortex, but this study explored inducing plasticity in subcortical motor pathways, specifically the reticulospinal tract. The researchers used loud acoustic stimulation (LAS) paired with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to activate different motor circuits. The results indicated the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) in corticoreticular connections, suggesting the potential utility of this new protocol.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Fiorella Del Popolo Cristaldi, Filippo Gambarota, Suzanne Oosterwijk
Summary: According to predictive models of emotion, previous experiences are used by individuals to form emotional predictions, which are represented in the brain in multiple ways. This study aimed to investigate how previous experiences of certainty or uncertainty influenced subjective reactions to future emotional stimuli across different sensory modalities. The results showed that participants who experienced reliable stimulus associations in the past had more extreme expectancy ratings for future associations. However, these previous associations did not significantly influence valence and arousal ratings, which were more influenced by the new associations formed during the test phase. Overall, this study provides insights into how previous experiences shape subjective emotional responses.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Thien Thien Lim, Kenny Tan, Gaik Bee Eow, Roongroj Bhidayasiri
Summary: Latah is a culture-specific syndrome characterized by exaggerated startle response and other behavioral and psychological features. This review provides a comprehensive description of the clinical characteristics of latah based on previous literature and clinical experiences, with a particular emphasis on the perspective of movement disorders. Although the pathophysiology of latah is poorly understood, further studies are needed to understand its underlying mechanisms and identify appropriate treatments due to its distressing psychosocial impact.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Junfeng Zhang, Meng Wang, Baoyu Wei, Jiangwei Shi, Tao Yu
Summary: This paper summarizes the characteristics and changes of the startle reflex in physiological and pathological states by analyzing multiple databases.
NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISEASE AND TREATMENT
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Diane Pecher, Rene Zeelenberg
Summary: Studies have found that there is a memory benefit in multisensory learning, where unimodal test items that were studied as bimodal items have higher recognition accuracy. However, under specific conditions, there is also a benefit in memory performance when there is overlap in format between study and test, particularly if sound is the task-relevant modality.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Erin E. Buckels, Douglas A. Williams, Paul D. Trapnell, Siavash Kermani Koosheh, Owen M. Javra, Sasha C. Svenne
Summary: Two studies found a negative correlation between the Dark Tetrad of personality (narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and sadism) and the amplitude of the startle response. The second study also revealed a negative correlation between aversive startle potentiation (ASP) and psychopathy and sadism. These findings suggest that individuals high in callousness and antagonism show reduced reactivity, while psychopathy and sadism are specifically associated with reduced ASP.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Rachel A. Ferry, Clare C. Beatty, Daniel N. Klein, Brady D. Nelson
Summary: A heightened sensitivity to unpredictable threat has been identified as a potential transdiagnostic mechanism of psychopathology, but most research has been conducted in adults. This study examined if psychophysiological indicators of sensitivity to unpredictable threat were comparable in youth during developmental periods associated with increased risk for psychopathology. The study also investigated whether sensitivity to unpredictable threat is correlated between parents and their offspring. Results showed that adolescents demonstrated greater defensive motivation and attentional engagement in anticipation of unpredictable threat compared to their parents, and there was correlation in overall startle potentiation between adolescents and parents. Sensitivity to threat might be a mechanism of vulnerability that is partially shared between parents and their offspring.
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carolina Beppi, Dominik Straumann, Stefan Yu Bogli
Summary: The paper has been amended and a link to the updated version is available at the top of the paper.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carolina Beppi, Dominik Straumann, Stefan Yu Bogli
Summary: The study aimed to establish a simple and reliable experimental protocol for quantifying the startle reflex response and habituation in zebrafish. Results suggest that startle habituation is a stereotypic first-order process lasting no more than 5 minutes, influenced significantly by vibratory frequency, acoustic intensity/power and interstimulus-interval.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Celia Zhang, Dalian Ding, Wei Sun, Bo Hua Hu, Senthilvelan Manohar, Richard Salvi
Summary: The changes in the acoustic startle reflex (ASR) depend on the location and severity of damage to outer hair cells (OHCs) and inner hair cells (IHCs) caused by ototoxic drugs. The ASR amplitudes can be enhanced or reduced in different cases.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Samantha Wilson, Stephen D. Benning, Sarah E. Racine
Summary: Thin-ideal internalization may represent a higher-order factor contributing to the relationship between reactions to food and eating disorders, while higher levels of eating pathology are negatively correlated with appetitive responses.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Sarah E. Racine, Sarah A. Horvath, Sarah L. Brassard, Stephen D. Benning
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS
(2019)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Leah Suissa-Rocheleau, Stephen D. Benning, Sarah E. Racine
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Sarah E. Racine, Leah Suissa-Rocheleau, Shelby J. Martin, Stephen D. Benning
Summary: This study explores the relationship between eating disorders and motivational responses, finding that binge eating may be associated with increased reward reactivity while restrictive eating may be linked to decreased reward reactivity or increased threat. The research also indicates that eating pathology group did not predict motivational reactions to food, and rating low-calorie foods lower on craving was associated with endorsement of restrictive eating.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Megan L. Becker, Anthony O. Ahmed, Stephen D. Benning, Kimberly A. Barchard, Samantha E. John, Daniel N. Allen
Summary: This study used confirmatory factor analysis to examine the latent structure of cognitive abilities in schizophrenia, finding a bifactor model with a general cognitive factor and seven specific factors provided the best fit. The results suggest that cognitive deficits in schizophrenia may be best understood by separate general and specific contributions.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Edward A. Smith, Stephen D. Benning
Summary: Risk taking is a complex construct that is difficult to assess, especially using behavioral tasks. The Assessment of Physical Risk Taking (APRT) is a new measure designed to assess the probability of success and failure, and magnitude of reward and punishment of physically risky behaviors. Preliminary findings suggest that Injury Magnitude and Injury Probability have stronger effects on outcomes compared to other variables.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Stephen D. Benning, Edward A. Smith
Summary: This article emphasizes the significance of registration in personality disorder research, such as enhancing rigor and improving people's lives. The registration process provides memory aids and guideposts, increases transparency in scientific research, and maintains the severity of tests used in studies.
PERSONALITY DISORDERS-THEORY RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Christopher J. Patrick, Keanan J. Joyner, Ashley L. Watts, Scott O. Lilienfeld, Antonella Somma, Andrea Fossati, M. Brent Donnellan, Christopher J. Hopwood, Martin Sellbom, Laura E. Drislane, John F. Edens, Edelyn Verona, Robert D. Latzman, Claudio Sica, Stephen D. Benning, Leslie C. Morey, Brian M. Hicks, Kostas A. Fanti, Daniel M. Blonigen, Javier Molto, Mark D. Kramer, Robert F. Krueger
Summary: The critique highlights the limitations of characterizing the item-level factor structure of the TriPM scales. While item-level analysis can be useful, it may not accurately represent the narrower subdimensions assessed by their parent inventories. It underscores the importance of considering nomological networks when evaluating the effectiveness of the operationalizations of the triarchic model constructs.
PERSONALITY DISORDERS-THEORY RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Educational
Brad Donohue, Elena Gavrilova, Alexandra Danlag, Joanne Perry, Corey Kuhn, Daniel N. Allen, Stephen D. Benning
Summary: This study investigated the factors influencing collegiate athletes' participation in mental health programs and found that the type of interview and demographic factors can impact their engagement. Specific interview components and demographic characteristics of athletes can influence their utilization of mental health programs.
PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS
(2021)
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Brad Donohue, Yulia Gavrilova, Marina Galante, Bryan Burnstein, Patrice Aubertin, Elena Gavrilova, Alisan Funk, Al Light, Stephen D. Benning
PSYCHOLOGY OF AESTHETICS CREATIVITY AND THE ARTS
(2020)
Meeting Abstract
Psychology, Biological
Stephen Benning, Belel Ait Oumeziane, Stephany Molina
Article
Psychiatry
Stephen D. Benning, Edward A. Smith
JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY DISORDERS
(2019)
Article
Psychology, Social
Vincent Rozalski, Stephen D. Benning
JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY
(2019)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Stephen D. Benning, Rachel L. Bachrach, Edward A. Smith, Andrew J. Freeman, Aidan G. C. Wright
JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Christopher J. Patrick, Mark D. Kramer, Uma Vaidyanathan, Stephen D. Benning, Brian M. Hicks, Scott O. Lilienfeld
PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT
(2019)
Meeting Abstract
Psychology, Biological
Stephen Benning, Stephany Molina
