Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Kok-Siong Poon, Karen M. Tan
Summary: In an exome-sequencing study, GNAS variants were found in children with severe childhood-onset obesity. These variants affect the signaling of the melanocortin 4 receptor. The authors suggest screening for GNAS variants in children to enable early diagnosis and treatment.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Martin Werdermann, Ilona Berger, Laura D. Scriba, Alice Santambrogio, Pia Schlinkert, Heike Brendel, Henning Morawietz, Andreas Schedl, Mirko Peitzsch, Aileen J. F. King, Cynthia L. Andoniadou, Stefan R. Bornstein, Charlotte Steenblock
Summary: This study investigated the impact of metabolic diseases on progenitor cells in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, showing that insulin enhances proliferation and differentiation of these cells, while chronic metabolic stress leads to hyperactivation of the axis. This suggests a potential link between early life stress and the development of metabolic syndrome in adulthood.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Ran Wei, Danjie Li, Sheng Jia, Yuhong Chen, Jiqiu Wang
Summary: Obesity has become a critical health burden during the global pandemic, and the melanocortin receptor-4 (MC4R) has been identified as a key genetic factor in severe and early onset obesity. Previous studies have focused on the central role of MC4R in energy intake and expenditure, but evidence suggests its expression in peripheral systems as well. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the central and peripheral roles of MC4R in energy metabolism and endocrine hormone homeostasis.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Robert M. Dores, Emilia Chapa
Summary: The co-evolution of MC2R and MRAP1 in chordates has had profound effects on the physiological systems of bony vertebrates, leading to specific ligand selectivity and trafficking properties. However, the effects of this interaction on cartilaginous fishes are less clear. Future studies may shed more light on the differences in ligand activation and trafficking between these two groups of vertebrates.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alexandre Caron, Natalie Jane Michael
Summary: The article discusses the possibility of obesity as a disease of the nervous system, suggesting the nervous system as an effective target for treating obesity, but also pointing out the risks and costs involved. It also examines the brain pathways regulating energy balance and how medications affect body weight, aiming to provide the endocrine community with a helpful conceptual framework.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biology
Sadaf Farooqi
Summary: Genetic disruption of the hypothalamic leptin-melanocortin pathway causes severe obesity, while a lack of leptin leads to increased appetite. Studies on obesity and thinness provide insights into weight regulation mechanisms and molecular targets for weight loss therapy.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Esphie Grace Fodra Fojas, Saradalekshmi Koramannil Radha, Tomader Ali, Evan P. Nadler, Nader Lessan
Summary: The study found that bariatric surgery and pharmacotherapy in patients with MC4R deficiency can lead to effective short-term weight loss and improved glycemic control, but long-term outcomes vary. It emphasizes the importance of ongoing monitoring and complementary therapeutic interventions.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Chiara Lasconi, Matthew C. Pahl, Diana L. Cousminer, Claudia A. Doege, Alessandra Chesi, Kenyaita M. Hodge, Michelle E. Leonard, Sumei Lu, Matthew E. Johnson, Chun Su, Reza K. Hammond, James A. Pippin, Natalie A. Terry, Louis R. Ghanem, Rudolph L. Leibel, Andrew D. Wells, Struan F. A. Grant
Summary: This study suggests the hypothalamus plays a significant genetic role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and is associated with depression and stress. The enrichment of IBD single-nucleotide polymorphisms in human embryonic stem cell-derived hypothalamic-like neurons (HNs) and colonoids indicates a potential link between these genes and stress regulation. Additionally, the study implicates key stress regulators in hypothalamic-like neurons and immune/hormonal signaling pathways in the context of IBD.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
Francesca Mainieri, Saverio La Bella, Marta Rinaldi, Francesco Chiarelli
Summary: Obesity is a major health issue in children worldwide, caused by both genetic and environmental factors. Rare forms of obesity are mainly caused by single gene variations, while polygenic obesity is more common and less severe. Non-syndromic monogenic obesity is associated with single gene variations in the leptin-melanocortin signaling pathway, which regulates hunger and satiety. Advances in genetic diagnostic testing have enabled early identification and intervention for patients with genetic obesity.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jineta Banerjee, Mauricio D. Dorfman, Rachael Fasnacht, John D. Douglass, Alice C. Wyse-Jackson, Andres Barria, Joshua P. Thaler
Summary: The study shows that suppressing hypothalamic microglial activation during high fat diet feeding can reduce susceptibility to diet-induced obesity by increasing POMC neuron excitability and melanocortin signaling.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ahmed W. Al-Humadi, Khaled Alabduljabbar, Moath S. Alsaqaaby, Hani Talaee, Carel W. le Roux
Summary: The study aimed to identify associations between clinico-demographical characteristics and genetic mutations associated with obesity. The results revealed that gene mutations associated with obesity are common among patients with a BMI > 40 kg/m(2). However, a patient's BMI, age of onset of obesity, or age of onset of hyperphagia did not provide valuable information in predicting the presence of genetic mutations associated with obesity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Giles S. H. Yeo, Daniela Herrera Moro Chao, Anna-Maria Siegert, Zoe M. Koerperich, Mark D. Ericson, Stephanie E. Simonds, Courtney M. Larson, Serge Luquet, Iain Clarke, Shubh Sharma, Karine Clement, Michael A. Cowley, Carrie Haskell-Luevano, Lex Van der Ploeg, Roger A. H. Adan
Summary: Insights from human and mouse genetics have highlighted the central role of the brain leptin-melanocortin pathway in controlling mammalian food intake, leading to the approval of setmelanotide as a drug for individuals with severe obesity due to specific genetic deficiencies. This research provides a template for drug discovery in complex disorders, showing how a single gene target can eventually lead to the development of an approved drug after 25 years of study.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Carl Spana, Robert Jordan, Steven Fischkoff
Summary: The results of two randomized controlled clinical trials demonstrate that agonistic activity of bremelanotide at MC4R may help in reducing caloric intake and promoting weight loss in obese women.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Giuseppina Pisu, Luca Concas, Carlotta Siddi, Mariangela Serra, Patrizia Porcu
Summary: This article provides an overview of the response of the neuroactive steroid allopregnanolone to stress in females, focusing on the female reproductive function and stress-related neuropsychiatric diseases. The blunted allopregnanolone response to acute stress in females may contribute to their increased vulnerability to stress and affective disorders. These studies highlight the importance of targeting neuroactive steroids as a therapeutic approach for stress-related disorders in women.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yudong Xia, Xiaoying Zhai, Yanning Qiu, Xuemei Lu, Yi Jiao
Summary: This review explores the complex interplay among Nrf2, oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, insulin signaling, and chronic inflammation in obesity, aiming to provide new insights for the treatment of obesity and its comorbidities.
Review
Neurosciences
Jason J. Radley, James P. Herman
Summary: The experience of prolonged stress leads to changes in how individuals interact with their environment and process interoceptive cues, aiming to optimize survival in a hostile world. The chronic stress response involves various alterations that limit further harm, including the development of behavioral strategies and metabolic adjustments. While chronic stress is often linked to pathology, we argue that it is actually an adaptive defense mechanism. Pathology occurs only when the organism's adaptive capacity is depleted. This perspective helps interpret chronic stress studies in animal models in relation to adaptation rather than pathology.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Jonas Salling Quist, Anders Bue Klein, Kristine Faerch, Kristine Beaulieu, Mads Rosenkilde, Anne Sofie Gram, Anders Sjodin, Signe Torekov, Bente Stallknecht, Christoffer Clemmensen, Martin Baek Blond
Summary: Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15) is involved in appetite control and is increased by acute exercise. However, the effects of exercise training on GDF15 in individuals with overweight/obesity are unclear. This study found that acute exercise increased GDF15 levels, but exercise training did not have the same effect. Higher GDF15 levels were associated with poorer cardiometabolic health but not with appetite. The impact of GDF15 on energy intake and weight management needs further investigation.
Article
Physiology
Anita R. Patel, Henriette Frikke-Schmidt, Paul V. Sabatini, Alan C. Rupp, Darleen A. Sandoval, Martin G. Myers, Randy J. Seeley
Summary: Deoxynivalenol (DON), a mycotoxin contaminating grain, induces nausea, emesis, and anorexia. The study found that GLP-1 is not necessary for DON-induced effects on food intake and visceral illness. Additionally, the study showed that the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) on GFRAL neurons may play a role in DON signaling, but neither GLP-1 signaling nor GFRAL signaling and neurons are required for DON-induced visceral illness or anorexia.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stephanie Kjaerulff Holm, Esben Thyssen Vestergaard, Natasa Brkovic Zubanovic, Sarah Byberg, Christoffer Clemmensen, Birgitte Holst, Henrik Holm Thomsen
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Sarah Falk, Jonas Petersen, Charlotte Svendsen, Cesar R. Romero-Leguizamon, Soren Heide Jorgensen, Nathalie Krauth, Mette Q. Ludwig, Kathrine Lundo, Urmas Roostalu, Grethe Skovbjerg, Duy Anh Gurskov Nielsen, Aske Lykke Ejdrup, Tune H. Pers, Oksana Dmytriyeva, Jacob Hecksher-Sorensen, Ulrik Gether, Kristi A. Kohlmeier, Christoffer Clemmensen
Summary: GLP-1R agonists can promote nicotine avoidance and combined treatment with nicotine and GLP-1R agonist can enhance the anti-obesity effects. GLP-1R agonism increases the excitability of hypothalamic POMC neurons and VTA dopaminergic neurons to suppress nicotine-induced dopamine release, resulting in weight loss. These findings support the use of GLP-1R-based therapies for nicotine dependence and further evaluation of combined treatment.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Josephine M. Kanta, Luisa Deisen, Kornelia Johann, Stephanie Holm, Annemarie Lundsgaard, Jens Lund, Markus Jaehnert, Annette Schuermann, Christoffer Clemmensen, Bente Kiens, Andreas M. Fritzen, Maximilian Kleinert
Summary: This study found that medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) can reduce food intake in rodents and humans, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. It was discovered that MCFAs trigger the release of hepatic factors that reduce appetite. MCFAs intake increases circulating GDF15 levels and requires the GDF15-GFRAL axis for its anorectic effect.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jens Lund, Alberte Wollesen Breum, Claudia Gil, Sarah Falk, Frederike Sass, Marie Sophie Isidor, Oksana Dmytriyeva, Pablo Ranea-Robles, Cecilie Vad Mathiesen, Astrid Linde Basse, Olivia Sveidahl Johansen, Nicole Fadahunsi, Camilla Lund, Trine Sand Nicolaisen, Anders Bue Klein, Tao Ma, Brice Emanuelli, Maximilian Kleinert, Charlotte Mehlin Sorensen, Zachary Gerhart-Hines, Christoffer Clemmensen
Summary: Lactate is a metabolite that affects energy balance, but its effects have been confounded by hypertonic injection solutions. This study highlights the importance of considering osmolarity and counterions in metabolite research.
Letter
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jens Lund, Valdemar Brimnes Ingemann Johansen, Christoffer Clemmensen, Zachary Gerhart-Hines
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anders Bue Klein, Pablo Ranea-Robles, Trine Sand Nicolaisen, Claudia Gil, Kornelia Johann, Julia Prats Quesada, Nina Pistolevij, Kathrine V. R. Hviid, Line Fich, Simone M. Offersen, Jorn Wulff Helge, Henriette Svarre Nielsen, Jaco Bakker, Maximilian Kleinert, Christoffer Clemmensen
Summary: Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a stress-induced cytokine that may play a potential role in pregnancy. While mice and rats have a limited response to pregnancy, macaques and humans exhibit significant increases in GDF15 levels. These species-specific findings provide valuable insights for future research on GDF15 in pregnancy and for developing pharmacological strategies to treat severe nausea and hyperemesis gravidarum (HG).
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Kim A. Sjoberg, Casper M. Sigvardsen, Abdiel Alvarado-Diaz, Nicoline Resen Andersen, Mark Larance, Randy J. Seeley, Peter Schjerling, Jakob G. Knudsen, Georgios Katzilieris-Petras, Christoffer Clemmensen, Sebastian Beck Jorgensen, Katrien De Bock, Erik A. Richter
Summary: Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) improves insulin action in obese rodents without weight loss by enhancing suppression of glucose production and increasing glucose uptake in adipose tissue and liver. This effect is mediated by GFRAL receptor and 0-adrenergic signaling. GDF15 also reduces glucagon levels independently of the GFRAL receptor.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Deirdre K. Tobias, Jordi Merino, Abrar Ahmad, Catherine Aiken, Jamie L. Benham, Dhanasekaran Bodhini, Amy L. Clark, Kevin Colclough, Rosa Corcoy, Sara J. Cromer, Daisy Duan, Jamie L. Felton, Ellen C. Francis, Pieter Gillard, Veronique Gingras, Romy Gaillard, Eram Haider, Alice Hughes, Jennifer M. Ikle, Laura M. Jacobsen, Anna R. Kahkoska, Jarno L. T. Kettunen, Raymond J. Kreienkamp, Lee-Ling Lim, Jonna M. E. Mannisto, Robert Massey, Niamh-Maire Mclennan, Rachel G. Miller, Mario Luca Morieri, Jasper Most, Rochelle N. Naylor, Bige Ozkan, Kashyap Amratlal Patel, Scott J. Pilla, Katsiaryna Prystupa, Sridharan Raghavan, Mary R. Rooney, Martin Schoen, Zhila Semnani-Azad, Magdalena Sevilla-Gonzalez, Pernille Svalastoga, Wubet Worku Takele, Claudia Ha-ting Tam, Anne Cathrine B. Thuesen, Mustafa Tosur, Amelia S. Wallace, Caroline C. Wang, Jessie J. Wong, Jennifer M. Yamamoto, Katherine Young, Chloe Amouyal, Mette K. Andersen, Maxine P. Bonham, Mingling Chen, Feifei Cheng, Tinashe Chikowore, Sian C. Chivers, Christoffer Clemmensen, Dana Dabelea, Adem Y. Dawed, Aaron J. Deutsch, Laura T. Dickens, Linda A. DiMeglio, Monika Dudenhoffer-Pfeifer, Carmella Evans-Molina, Maria Merce Fernandez-Balsells, Hugo Fitipaldi, Stephanie L. Fitzpatrick, Stephen E. Gitelman, Mark O. Goodarzi, Jessica A. Grieger, Marta Guasch-Ferre, Nahal Habibi, Torben Hansen, Chuiguo Huang, Arianna Harris-Kawano, Heba M. Ismail, Benjamin Hoag, Randi K. Johnson, Angus G. Jones, Robert W. Koivula, Aaron Leong, Gloria K. W. Leung, Ingrid M. Libman, Kai Liu, S. Alice Long, William L. Lowe, Robert W. Morton, Ayesha A. Motala, Suna Onengut-Gumuscu, James S. Pankow, Maleesa Pathirana, Sofia Pazmino, Dianna Perez, John R. Petrie, Camille E. Powe, Alejandra Quinteros, Rashmi Jain, Debashree Ray, Mathias Ried-Larsen, Zeb Saeed, Vanessa Santhakumar, Sarah Kanbour, Sudipa Sarkar, Gabriela S. F. Monaco, Denise M. Scholtens, Elizabeth Selvin, Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu, Cate Speake, Maggie A. Stanislawski, Nele Steenackers, Andrea K. Steck, Norbert Stefan, Julie Stoy, Rachael Taylor, Sok Cin Tye, Gebresilasea Gendisha Ukke, Marzhan Urazbayeva, Bart Van der Schueren, Camille Vatier, John M. Wentworth, Wesley Hannah, Sara L. White, Gechang Yu, Yingchai Zhang, Shao J. Zhou, Jacques Beltrand, Michel Polak, Ingvild Aukrust, Elisa de Franco, Sarah E. Flanagan, Kristin A. Maloney, Andrew McGovern, Janne Molnes, Mariam Nakabuye, Pal Rasmus Njolstad, Hugo Pomares-Millan, Michele Provenzano, Cecile Saint-Martin, Cuilin Zhang, Yeyi Zhu, Sungyoung Auh, Russell de Souza, Andrea J. Fawcett, Chandra Gruber, Eskedar Getie Mekonnen, Emily Mixter, Diana Sherifali, Robert H. Eckel, John J. Nolan, Louis H. Philipson, Rebecca J. Brown, Liana K. Billings, Kristen Boyle, Tina Costacou, John M. Dennis, Jose C. Florez, Anna L. Gloyn, Maria F. Gomez, Peter A. Gottlieb, Siri Atma W. Greeley, Kurt Griffin, Andrew T. Hattersley, Irl B. Hirsch, Marie-France Hivert, Korey K. Hood, Jami L. Josefson, Soo Heon Kwak, Lori M. Laffel, Siew S. Lim, Ruth J. F. Loos, Ronald C. W. Ma, Chantal Mathieu, Nestoras Mathioudakis, James B. Meigs, Shivani Misra, Viswanathan Mohan, Rinki Murphy, Richard Oram, Katharine R. Owen, Susan E. Ozanne, Ewan R. Pearson, Wei Perng, Toni I. Pollin, Rodica Pop-Busui, Richard E. Pratley, Leanne M. Redman, Maria J. Redondo, Rebecca M. Reynolds, Robert K. Semple, Jennifer L. Sherr, Emily K. Sims, Arianne Sweeting, Tiinamaija Tuomi, Miriam S. Udler, Kimberly K. Vesco, Tina Vilsboll, Robert Wagner, Stephen S. Rich, Paul W. Franks
Summary: Precision medicine, as part of contemporary evidence-based medicine, aims to reduce errors and optimize outcomes in medical decisions and health recommendations. This second international consensus report on precision diabetes medicine summarizes the findings from a systematic evidence review and highlights opportunities for clinical implementation as well as gaps in knowledge.
Article
Neurosciences
Grethe Skovbjerg, Urmas Roostalu, Casper G. Salinas, Jacob L. Skytte, Johanna Perens, Christoffer Clemmensen, Lisbeth Elster, Camilla K. Frich, Henrik H. Hansen, Jacob Hecksher-Sorensen
Summary: Peptide-based drug development for CNS disorders is hindered by poor BBB penetrability. This study used LSFM to visualize the distribution of lipidated peptide drugs in the CNS. The results demonstrated that lipidation enhances the CNS accessibility of the peptide drug Ex4.
Article
Biology
Jens Lund, Christoffer Clemmensen
Summary: Body weight is regulated by physiological mechanisms that counteract both weight loss and weight gain. There are known signals, such as low blood leptin, that defend against weight loss, but the signals opposing overfeeding-induced weight gain are still unidentified. This article discusses insights gained from overfeeding studies and explores the relative contributions of energy intake, expenditure, and excretion in defending against weight gain. It also delves into the existence of unknown pathways that protect against weight gain and proposes the study of individuals with constitutional thinness as a gateway to understanding weight gain resistance in humans. Experimental overfeeding, coupled with multi-omics techniques, has the potential to uncover the signalling pathways that protect against weight gain and lead to new obesity treatments.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Gideon F. Meerhoff, Isabel Pieterse, Leslie Eggels, Muzeyyen Ugur, Khalid Lamuadni, Unga A. Unmehopa, Jan Booij, Susanne E. la Fleur, Joram D. Mul
Summary: Physical exercise training can prevent or alleviate obesity by increasing energy expenditure and regulating energy intake, but the brain adaptations underlying this process are not fully understood. This study used a self-reinforcing rodent paradigm to mimic human exercise training and found that exercise modulates dietary self-selection in a time-dependent manner.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Eva Rial-Pensado, Laurence Canaple, Romain Guyot, Christoffer Clemmensen, Joelle Wiersema, Shijia Wu, Sabine Richard, Anita Boelen, Timo D. Mueller, Miguel Lopez, Frederic Flamant, Karine Gauthier
Summary: Thyroid hormone signaling in neurons plays an important role in stimulating energy expenditure and limiting weight gain in response to high-fat diet. Mice with dysfunctional thyroid hormone receptors in neurons exhibit impaired thermogenic potential and increased susceptibility to diet-induced obesity. However, their ability to respond to cold exposure remains unaffected. This study provides genetic evidence for the significance of thyroid hormone signaling in neurons for energy regulation.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shanshan Xiao, Natalie C. Ebner, Amirhossein Manzouri, Tie-Qiang Li, Diana S. Cortes, Kristoffer N. T. Mansson, Hakan Fischer
Summary: The mechanisms through which intranasal oxytocin affects the brain are not fully understood, but recent research suggests that brain regions with a higher density of oxytocin receptors may play a key role. This study used resting-state fMRI to investigate the effects of intranasal oxytocin administration on connectivity between these receptor-enriched regions and other regions in the brain, and found that the effects varied depending on the age of the participants.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lisa Haase, Antonia Vehlen, Julia Strojny, Gregor Domes
Summary: This study found no significant changes in the cortisol awakening response (CAR) over the menstrual cycle, and no significant association with variations in estradiol and progesterone. These results suggest that CAR is largely robust against hormonal variations across the menstrual cycle.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Derek Schaeuble, Tyler Wallace, Sebastian A. Pace, Shane T. Hentges, Brent Myers
Summary: Depression and cardiovascular disease are influenced by daily life stress, but the biological mechanisms behind this connection are not well understood. This study shows that the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) plays a role in regulating stress responses and behavior, with sex-specific effects. In males, the vmPFC-PH circuitry promotes positive motivation and reduces stress responses, while in females it elevates stress responses. This suggests that cortical regulation of stress reactivity and behavior is mediated by projections to the hypothalamus in a sex-specific manner.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jose M. Guzman, Montana H. Boone, Gabriela L. Suarez, Colter Mitchell, Christopher S. Monk, Luke W. Hyde, Nestor L. Lopez-Duran
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to increased life stress and internalizing disorders, with a disproportionate impact on women. This study focused on the neuroendocrinology of stress-related disorders and found that women have lower cortisol responses and higher DHEA responses to stress. However, lower cortisol and higher DHEA are associated with internalizing disorders in women, while the opposite is true in men. The study also examined the relationship between COVID-related stress and internalizing symptoms and found gender differences in the association between DHEA and cortisol and internalizing outcomes. These findings suggest distinct neuroendocrine pathways for stress-related disorders in young men and women.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Meriah L. Dejoseph, Keira B. Leneman, Alyssa R. Palmer, Emily R. Padrutt, Otiti A. Mayo, Daniel Berry
Summary: Childhood and adolescence are critical periods for the development of the stress response system. This study found a modest positive relation between the adrenocortical and sympathetic systems, as well as between the adrenocortical and parasympathetic systems. The strength of these associations varied based on methodological and sociodemographic characteristics.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Qiong Xiang, Jia-Sheng Tao, Shuai Dong, Xiao-Lin Liu, Liang Yang, Li-Ni Liu, Jing Deng, Xian-Hui Li
Summary: Chronic hyperglycemia accelerates the pathological process of cognitive dysfunction, but the heterogeneity of hippocampal cells under long-term high glucose conditions is not well known. In this study, single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on diabetic mice, and distinct cell sub-clusters and important genes involved in neuroplasticity regulation were identified.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Roger Mcintosh, Hannah Hoogerwoerd, Salman S. Ahmad, Cassandra Michel, Kaitlyn Dillon, Mahendra Kumar, Gail Ironson
Summary: The study found that a 4-session guided written emotional disclosure intervention led to significant reductions in total output and concentration of epinephrine in urine for up to 6 months in individuals living with HIV. This effect was especially pronounced in women. However, there were no significant changes in norepinephrine output in urine.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Meredith Gruhn, Adam Bryant Miller, Tory A. Eisenlohr-Moul, Sophia Martin, Matthew G. Clayton, Matteo Giletta, Paul D. Hastings, Matthew K. Nock, Karen D. Rudolph, George M. Slavich, Mitchell J. Prinstein, Margaret A. Sheridan
Summary: This study investigates how early life adversity characterized by threat impacts the association between neural activity and cortisol production during emotion processing. The results suggest that threat exposure may moderate the relationship between neural activation and cortisol response.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2024)