Article
Psychology, Clinical
Thomas Richardson, Monica Sood, Paul Bayliss, Katherine Newman-Taylor
Summary: This study found that self-compassion may mediate the link between childhood sexual abuse and paranoia and psychotic symptoms in adulthood. This provides a new perspective on the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and mental health problems.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Petr Bob, Tereza Petraskova Touskova, Ondrej Pec, Jiri Raboch, Nash Boutros, Paul Lysaker
Summary: This study found a significant correlation between hair cortisol levels and stress symptoms as well as complex partial seizure-like symptoms in patients experiencing their initial episode of psychosis. However, there was no significant correlation between hair cortisol levels and symptoms of anxiety and depression. These findings suggest a potential relationship between epileptic-like symptoms and stress responses in patients during their first psychotic episode.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Barbara Hinterbuchinger, Nilufar Mossaheb
Summary: This narrative review highlights the focus on subclinical psychotic experiences, pointing out the diverse definitions, assessment tools, and concepts of psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) which may lead to inconsistent research results. It strongly recommends the use of a standardized assessment tool to achieve more comparable research findings in the future.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jeremy A. Taylor, Kit Melissa Larsen, Ilvana Dzafic, Marta I. Garrido
Summary: This study applied machine learning methods and EEG data to predict subclinical psychotic-like experiences in healthy individuals, demonstrating that EEG data alone can predict individual psychotic-like experiences. Features within specific time windows contributed to different levels of Prodromal Questionnaire scores, supporting the idea that psychosis may exist on a continuum expanding into the non-clinical population.
Article
Psychiatry
Daniel Mamah, Victoria N. Mutiso, David M. Ndetei
Summary: This study found that 72% of Kenyan adolescents and young adults surveyed reported having at least one psychotic-like experience in the past year. Additionally, 4.6% and 30.6% were classified as high-risk and medium-risk based on symptom scores. The severity of psychotic-like experiences was correlated with mood, stress, and autistic traits, as well as with socioeconomic factors like poverty and underemployment.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
B. Hinterbuchinger, M. Koch, M. Trimmel, Z. Litvan, J. Baumgartner, E. L. Meyer, F. Friedrich, N. Mossaheb
Summary: This study examines the prevalence of psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) in individuals with different beliefs and finds that a tendency towards supernatural beliefs is associated with higher PLEs scores.
Article
Family Studies
Jianlin Liu, Shazana Shahwan, Edimansyah Abdin, Janhavi Ajit Vaingankar, Sutapa Basu, Charmaine Tang, Swapna Verma, Mythily Subramaniam
Summary: This study investigated the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and positive psychotic symptoms in Singapore. The findings showed that individuals exposed to dysfunctional home environments or multiple ACE were at an elevated risk of experiencing positive psychotic symptoms.
CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Jordan DeVylder, Deidre Anglin, Michelle R. Munson, Atsushi Nishida, Hans Oh, Jonathan Marsh, Zui Narita, Natalie Bareis, Lisa Fedina
Summary: Psychotic disorders are unevenly distributed by race in the United States. Hispanic and Black respondents reported higher rates of psychotic experiences, with hallucinations more commonly reported by the Hispanic respondents. These racial disparities in psychotic experiences are explained by socioenvironmental risk factors such as income, education, urban/rural living, discrimination, and trauma exposure.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
M. J. Bosma, S. R. Cox, T. Ziermans, C. R. Buchanan, X. Shen, E. M. Tucker-Drob, M. J. Adams, H. C. Whalley, S. M. Lawrie
Summary: This study reveals that lower global white matter microstructure is associated with having PLEs in combination with distress, suggesting a direction of future research. Additionally, it replicates the finding that processing speed mediates the relationship between white matter microstructure and g-factor.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Jakob Scheunemann, Rabea Fischer, Steffen Moritz
Summary: Individuals with psychotic-like experiences and psychosis tend to seek less advice but use available advice more, especially those with more frequent psychotic-like experiences. This suggests an overcorrection in response to new incoming information and challenges the assumption of general belief inflexibility in people with psychotic experiences.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Nuray Cakici, Nina H. Grootendorst-van Mil, Sabine J. Roza, Henning Tiemeier, Lieuwe de Haan, M. Arfan Ikram, Trudy Voortman, Annemarie I. Luik, Nico J. M. van Beveren
Summary: This population-based study found that higher body mass index (BMI) and lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were associated with increased frequency and distress of psychotic-like experiences.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Victor J. Pokorny, Scott R. Sponheim
Summary: Atypical auditory processing in psychotic psychopathology shows altered attentional modulation at early and late stages, but not at mid-latency stage. The reduced N1 and P3 in patients predict greater psychopathology and schizotypal traits. Mid-latency mismatch detection is associated with positive symptoms and atypical experiences, suggesting it as an endophenotype and intervention target.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Manel Monsonet, Nicholas J. Rockwood, Thomas R. Kwapil, Neus Barrantes-Vidal
Summary: This study supports psychological models of psychosis by emphasizing the relevance of affective disturbances in the risk and expression of psychosis. Furthermore, it identifies specific influences of different negative emotional states, which could enhance psychological treatments.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Dan Foti, Greg Perlman, Evelyn J. Bromet, Philip D. Harvey, Greg Hajcak, Daniel H. Mathalon, Roman Kotov
Summary: This study examined the relationship between neural measures of performance monitoring and executive function, symptoms, and functioning in individuals with psychotic disorders. The results showed that reduced error-related negativity and error positivity were associated with impaired executive function, negative symptom severity, and poor real-world functioning in the clinical cohort. Multiple potential pathways were identified, suggesting a transdiagnostic model of psychotic disorders where poor performance monitoring contributes to impaired executive function, negative symptoms, and poor functioning.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Joseph T. La Torre, Mehdi Mahammadli, Sonya C. Faber, Kyle T. Greenway, Monnica T. Williams
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the exclusion of individuals with psychopathological experiences from psychedelic clinical trials and treatment programs. In-depth interviews with experts revealed that while exclusion criteria may be justified for protocols with minimal psychological support, psychedelic-assisted therapies may benefit certain individuals with such conditions. Factors such as symptom endorsement, illness duration, therapeutic alliance, trauma, and external support play important roles in predicting treatment outcomes. Expert opinions suggest the potential benefits of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy for individuals with psychopathological psychosis, but more research and tailored protocols are needed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH AND ADDICTION
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Katarina Krkovic, Ulrike Nowak, Mathias K. Kammerer, Antonia Bott, Tania M. Lincoln
Summary: This study found that stress triggers paranoia. However, the link between stress and paranoia does not seem to be affected by the ability to adapt beliefs.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Tania M. Lincoln, Daniel Sommer, Mariana Quazzola, Tatjana Witzgall, Bjoern Schlier
Summary: This study analyzed the relationship between professional support, circumstances prior to discontinuation, discontinuation strategy, and coping strategies during discontinuation with discontinuation success. The findings showed that self-care behavior, particularly mindfulness, relaxation, and making use of supportive relationships, was the most consistent predictor of subjective discontinuation success.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Rabea Fischer, Jakob Scheunemann, Alison Bohlender, Patric Duletzki, Matthias Nagel, Steffen Moritz
Summary: Psychological group interventions are not commonly used in the acute inpatient care setting. However, researchers have successfully adapted Metacognitive Training (MCT) for this environment, resulting in MCT-Acute. Preliminary findings suggest that MCT-Acute may be a useful complement to multidisciplinary treatment for stabilizing patients with severe mental illness in acute inpatient care.
CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY & PSYCHOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Ulrike Nowak, Julie Wood, Alina N. Dinu, Martin F. Wittkamp, Annika Clamor, Zita Oravecz, Tania M. Lincoln
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between the symptom dimensions of psychosis and affect dynamics, controlling for depressive symptoms. The results revealed credible associations between paranoid ideation and negative valence and high arousal, as well as between hallucination spectrum experiences and arousal variability. There were also small associations between paranoid ideation and high valence variability, as well as between paranoid ideation and high attractor strengths of valence and arousal. The findings suggest different affective mechanisms underlying paranoid ideation and hallucination spectrum experiences.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jakob Scheunemann, Lena Jelinek, Sarah V. Biedermann, Michael Lipp, Amir H. Yassari, Simone Kuehn, Juergen Gallinat, Steffen Moritz
Summary: Research indicates that patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) exhibit similar cognitive biases to patients with psychosis. This study aimed to explore if these biases were exaggerated in a social context. Participants were asked to estimate age and presumed hostility based on a photo and received additional advice. Surprisingly, BPD patients performed similarly to healthy controls, seeking the same amount of advice and using it to revise their estimates.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Alina Koenigsberg, Matthias H. Belau, Leonie Ascone, Juergen Gallinat, Simone Kuehn, Maerit Jensen, Christian Gerloff, Bastian Cheng, Goetz Thomalla
Summary: This study examined the association between subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The results showed a significant negative correlation between SCD and HRQoL.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jobst Augustin, Ramona Bei der Kellen, Christian-Alexander Behrendt, Christina Magnussen, Claudia Terschueren, Leonie Ascone, Simone Kuehn, Sandra Wolf, Matthias Augustin, Valerie Andrees
Summary: This study aims to assess the spatial variation of hypertension within an urban population and investigate its association with life circumstances. The results showed that city district clusters with a worse living environment were partly associated with an increased prevalence of hypertension. Moreover, participants with a higher level of education had a lower prevalence of hypertension.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Steffen Moritz, Celine Nguyen, Lena Jelinek, Swantje Borsutzky, Jakob Scheunemann, Ulrich Hegerl, Klaus Pueschel, Juergen Gallinat
Summary: This study compared the behavior and contextual parameters of individuals who attempted suicide by train with regular train passengers using surveillance recordings. The results showed that individuals with suicidal tendencies exhibited unusual movement patterns and longer platform stay. The study suggests that artificial intelligence can be utilized to detect suspicious behaviors, and social awareness campaigns and improved emergency devices can help prevent train suicides.
SUICIDE AND LIFE-THREATENING BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
J. L. Kingston, B. Schlier, T. Lincoln, S. H. So, B. A. Gaudiano, E. M. J. Morris, P. Phiri, L. Ellett
Summary: Paranoia is higher in minority group individuals, but it is unrelated to self/other beliefs and social rank in those groups. Therefore, it is important to consider healthy cultural mistrust when studying paranoia in minority groups to better understand the experiences of marginalized individuals.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Martin F. Wittkamp, Katarina Krkovic, Tania M. Lincoln
Summary: In this study, a group-based emotion regulation training called ART was tested on individuals at risk for developing mental disorders. While the ART showed significant improvement in emotion regulation in daily life, it did not outperform self-help approaches in preventing the transition to mental disorders.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Jakob Scheunemann, Simone Kuehn, Sarah Biedermann, Michael Lipp, Judith Peth, Juergen Gallinat, Lena Jelinek
Summary: This study assessed implicit measures of self-harm in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) using three implicit association tests (IATs) and a subliminal priming task. The results showed that patients with BPD had higher scores on all three IATs compared to healthy controls. However, the correlations between implicit and explicit measures were mostly weak, suggesting limited discriminative value of IATs in patients with BPD.
JOURNAL OF BEHAVIOR THERAPY AND EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Leonie Ascone, Anja Christine Rohenkohl, Rene Hurlemann, Eva Meisenzahl, Steffi G. Riedel-Heller, Thomas Becker, Malek Bajbouj, Marie von Lilienfeld-Toal, Jurgen Gallinat, Martin Lambert
Summary: This essay proposes a matrix to visualize the indirect consequences of the pandemic, which include costs, morbidity, and mortality, compared to the direct effects of SARS-CoV-2. By using this matrix, virus-related and psychosocial risks for different populations can be assessed in a systematic and concise manner. The theoretical and empirical basis of COVID-19-related and psychosocial vulnerability, stressors, and consequences are derived, with an exemplary quantification of the matrix showing a high risk for severe COVID-19 consequences and pronounced psychosocial collateral effects for the vulnerable group of people with severe mental illness. This proposed approach could be further discussed for risk-graded pandemic management, crisis recovery, and future preparedness to address psychosocial collateral effects and protect vulnerable groups.
PSYCHIATRISCHE PRAXIS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Leonie Ascone, Janina Wirtz, Angelina Isabella Mellentin, Dimitrij Kugler, Thomas Bremer, Friedrich Schadow, Stine Hoppe, Charlotte Jebens, Simone Kuehn
Summary: The study aimed to transfer the measurement of approach bias related to alcoholic stimuli from the Approach Avoidance Task (AAT) to Virtual Reality (VR) and compare the results with the classical PC-based version. The validity of VR versus PC-based bias scores in relation to clinical variables was also examined. The study found significant differences in the bias scores between patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and healthy controls (HC) in certain grasping-conditions in VR. The PC-based bias scores did not differentiate between AUD and HC groups. Grasping-condition-based VR bias scores correlated significantly with impulsivity.
Article
Anesthesiology
Cynthia Olotu, Lisa Lebherz, Leonie Ascone, Angela Scherwath, Simone Kuhn, Martin Harter, Rainer Kiefmann
Summary: Postoperative delirium is the most common complication in older adults, and cognitive impairment is the main risk factor. Patients with mild cognitive impairment are especially susceptible to delirium. This study aimed to identify the most indicative cognitive domains.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR ANESTHESIA
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Psychology, Clinical
Anne Klimesch, Leonie Ascone, Goetz Thomalla, Juergen Gallinat, Simone Kuehn
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOTRAUMATOLOGY
(2023)
