Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Cheng-Dien Hsu, Li-Hsuan Hsieh, Ya-Ling Chen, I-Cheng Lin, Ying-Ru Chen, Chih-Chi Chen, Hitoshi Shirakawa, Suh-Ching Yang
Summary: The study investigated the effects of polyphenolic compounds from pine bark extract (PE) on inattention and impulsivity in children with ADHD. PE supplementation significantly reduced ADHD symptoms and improved antioxidative status. This suggests that PE supplementation may have potential benefits in ameliorating symptoms and enhancing antioxidative status in children with ADHD.
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chia-Huang Chang, Ching-Jung Yu, Jung-Chieh Du, Hsien-Chih Chiou, Jia-Woei Hou, Winnie Yang, Chian-Feng Chen, Hsin-Chang Chen, Ying-Sheue Chen, Betau Hwang, Mei-Lien Chen
Summary: This study reveals a potential link between organophosphate pesticide exposure and ADHD, related to oxidative stress and PON genetic polymorphisms. Children exposed to organophosphate pesticides may have higher levels of DMP and HNE-MA. The PON1 genetic polymorphism is associated with exposure levels and the risk of ADHD.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
E. M. Bruxel, C. R. Moreira-Maia, G. C. Akutagava-Martins, T. P. Quinn, M. Klein, B. Franke, M. Ribases, P. Rovira, C. Sanchez-Mora, D. B. Kappel, N. R. Mota, E. H. Grevet, C. H. D. Bau, M. Arcos-Burgos, L. A. Rohde, M. H. Hutz
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the association between ADGRL3 gene variants and ADHD susceptibility in children and adults, finding significant correlation in children but not in adults. The results suggest that ADGRL3 gene is predominantly associated with childhood ADHD.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Aaron Barron, Cathal M. McCarthy, Gerard W. O'Keeffe
Summary: Preeclampsia is a common and serious hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, with in utero exposure potentially acting as an environmental risk factor for various neurodevelopmental disorders. The mechanisms are uncertain, but inflammation and oxidative stress likely play a major role in mediating this association.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Dara E. Babinski, Erika F. H. Saunders, Fan He, Duanping Liao, Amanda M. Pearl, Daniel A. Waschbusch
Summary: This study examined the diagnostic indicators, clinical characteristics, and functional impairment associated with adult ADHD using electronic medical records and self-report measures. The results showed a significant difference in prevalence of ADHD between self-report screening and medical records. ADHD was found to contribute to functional impairment even when controlling for other psychiatric comorbidities.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hsin-Yi Fan, Cheuk-Kwan Sun, Yu-Shian Cheng, Weilun Chung, Ruu-Fen Tzang, Hsien-Jane Chiu, Chun-Ning Ho, Kuo-Chuan Hung
Summary: This study provides a systematic review and analysis of the effectiveness of electroencephalogram-based neurofeedback (EEG-NF) in treating the core symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescents/adults. The results suggest that EEG-NF can effectively improve inattention symptoms, but its effectiveness in reducing hyperactivity/impulsivity remains inconclusive.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Erica D. Musser, Stephanie S. J. Morris, Kathleen Feeney, Rosario Pintos Lobo, Edward F. Ester
Summary: Inattention is a key symptom of ADHD, but the mechanisms underlying it are unclear. More specific approaches are needed to link disruptions in cognitive performance with ADHD behaviors. A pilot study found that even typically developing children did not maximally extract and combine information to maximize rewards in a cognitive task targeting attention selection mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Morgan M. Grotewiel, Megan E. Crenshaw, Amelia Dorsey, Elizabeth Street
Summary: Hyperfocus and flow are intense concentration experiences associated with reduced perception of irrelevant stimuli and improved task performance. Hyperfocus has been historically seen as a symptom of ADHD, autism, or schizophrenia, while flow is regarded as an enjoyable experience in positive psychology. Recent studies suggest that hyperfocus and flow may be the same phenomenon viewed from different perspectives.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Johannes Lieslehto, Jari Tiihonen, Markku Laehteenvuo, Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz, Antti Tanskanen, Heidi Taipale
Summary: This study investigated the impact of pharmacotherapy on suicide risk in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). The results indicated that ADHD medication may reduce the risk of suicide, while mood stabilizers and antidepressants may increase the risk. The findings suggest that benzodiazepines should be used with caution due to their association with increased suicide risk in patients with BPD.
Article
Psychiatry
Camille Dupuy, Pierre Castelnau, Sylvie Mavel, Antoine Lefevre, Lydie Nadal-Desbarats, Sylvie Bodard, Julie Busson, Diane Dufour-Rainfray, Helene Blasco, Patrick Emond, Laurent Galineau
Summary: Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity, with poorly understood neurobiological mechanisms. Metabolomics is a new strategy for investigating diseases and finding molecular biomarkers. By studying the metabolomes of SHR/NCrl rats, we can better understand the neurobiology underlying ADHD.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mia Moses, Jeggan Tiego, Ditte Demontis, G. Bragi Walters, Hreinn Stefansson, Kari Stefansson, Anders D. Borglum, Aurina Arnatkeviciute, Mark A. Bellgrove
Summary: This study examined three potential endophenotypes for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): working memory function, response inhibition, and reaction time variability. The results showed that higher genetic risk for ADHD was associated with higher ADHD traits, as well as poorer working memory performance and increased reaction time variability. Lower working memory performance, poorer response inhibition, and increased reaction time variability were associated with more pronounced ADHD traits. Working memory and reaction time variability partially mediated the relationship between genetic risk for ADHD and ADHD traits, explaining 14% and 16% of the association, respectively.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anyi Yang, Edmund T. Rolls, Guiying Dong, Jingnan Du, Yuzhu Li, Jianfeng Feng, Wei Cheng, Xing-Ming Zhao
Summary: This study investigates the neural links between ADHD symptoms and prolonged screen time utilization (STU) using a large-scale dataset. The findings suggest that higher polygenic risk scores for ADHD are associated with longer STU and more severe symptoms. White matter microstructure, particularly in visual-related functions, plays a crucial role in mediating the association between ADHD risk and STU.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samuele Cortese, Minjin Song, Luis C. Farhat, Dong Keon Yon, Seung Won Lee, Min Seo Kim, Seoyeon Park, Jae Won Oh, San Lee, Keun-Ah Cheon, Lee Smith, Corentin J. Gosling, Guilherme V. Polanczyk, Henrik Larsson, Luis A. Rohde, Stephen V. Faraone, Ai Koyanagi, Elena Dragioti, Joaquim Radua, Andre F. Carvalho, Jae Il Shin, Marco Solmi
Summary: Data on ADHD incidence, prevalence, and burden from the Global Burden of Disease study from 1990 to 2019 were presented. The study found that the global age-standardized incidence and prevalence of ADHD were 0.061% and 1.13% respectively in 2019. From 1990 to 2019, there was a decrease in global age-standardized prevalence and incidence. Males had approximately 2.5 times higher incidence, prevalence, and burden compared to females.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Mariah K. Evans, Jeremy L. Grove, Tapan A. Patel, Molly Gromatsky, Patrick S. Calhoun, Jean C. Beckham, Nathan A. Kimbrel
Summary: This study aimed to explore the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) in veterans. Contrary to hypotheses, adult ADHD symptoms were not associated with NSSI history or disorder. Instead, disorders characterized by negative affect may have greater utility for predicting NSSI.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Che-Sheng Chu, Shih-Jen Tsai, Ju-Wei Hsu, Kai-Lin Huang, Chih-Ming Cheng, Tung-Ping Su, Tzeng-Ji Chen, Ya-Mei Bai, Chih-Sung Liang, Mu-Hong Chen
Summary: The study found that the progression rate from ADHD to BD is 5.12% among adolescents and young adults. Risk factors for progression include older age, comorbidity with other mental disorders, and alcohol use. Protective factors identified were male sex and certain personality disorders.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)