Article
Psychology, Experimental
Charlotte Jacquemot, Anne-Catherine Bachoud-Levi
Summary: Researchers reviewed studies exploring the link between striatal functions and different language levels, finding that current language models do not fully capture the diversity of experimental data. They proposed an integrative anatomofunctional model of language processing combining traditional language levels with executive functions, suggesting that the striatum plays a crucial regulatory role in the verbal executive network.
Review
Ecology
Clemence Moreau, Julien Blanco, Josoa Randriamalala, Anne-Elisabeth Laques, Stephanie M. Carriere
Summary: Participatory Landscape Sustainability Assessments (PLSA) are developing rapidly in line with inter- and transdisciplinary approaches. However, the lack of a coherent framework and poor substantive theorization can limit PLSA research. PLSA studies lie at the intersection of ecology, landscape planning, and sociocultural approaches. Stakeholders are rarely involved in indicator choice and assessment design, with diverse viewpoints mainly taken into consideration through indicators rather than discussions. Three types of PLSA study can be differentiated: the participation-oriented approach, the contributive approach, and the collaborative approach.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Neha Tiwari, Ernesto Rafael Osorio-Blanco, Ana Sonzogni, David Esporrin-Ubieto, Huiyi Wang, Marcelo Calderon
Summary: Nanosized carrier systems offer a promising alternative for improving skin penetration of therapeutic molecules with minimal damage to the skin's natural barrier. The use of nanoparticles for delivering drugs, genetic material, and vaccines into the skin is discussed, along with the importance of nanotoxicology studies and recent clinical developments in shedding light on their potential for market translation.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dinesh Kumar Chellappan, Richie R. Bhandare, Afzal B. Shaik, Krishna Prasad, Nurfatihah Azlyna Ahmad Suhaimi, Wei Sheng Yap, Arpita Das, Pradipta Banerjee, Nandini Ghosh, Tanner Guith, Amitava Das, Sarannya Balakrishnan, Mayuren Candasamy, Jayashree Mayuren, Kishneth Palaniveloo, Gaurav Gupta, Sachin Kumar Singh, Kamal Dua
Summary: Diabetes, a globally prevalent endocrinological disorder, has become a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality among young and middle-aged individuals. Recent advancements in understanding the autoimmune responses causing diabetes have raised concerns regarding the potential use of immunomodulatory agents for prevention. The mechanism of action of vaccines, including the removal of autoreactive T cells and inhibition of immune cell interactions, varies greatly. While diabetes vaccines have been tested in animal models, only a few human trials have shown positive outcomes. This review explores ongoing clinical trial studies for the development of a prototype diabetes vaccine.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marc Oliva, Nuria Mulet-Margalef, Maria Ochoa-De-Olza, Stefania Napoli, Joan Mas-Lloret, Berta Laquente, Laia Alemany, Eric J. Duell, Paolo Nuciforo, Victor Moreno
Summary: The study of the human microbiome in oncology is an expanding and rapidly evolving field, with increasing research showing associations between microbiome and cancer. The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in antitumor immune responses, while tumor-associated microbiome interactions impact cancer progression and treatment outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biology
Lorenzo Franceschetti, Alberto Amadasi, Valentina Bugelli, Giulia Bolsi, Michael Tsokos
Summary: Estimating time of death can be challenging for forensic experts, especially when dealing with highly decomposed or skeletal remains. Factors such as decomposition process, taphonomic changes, and environmental conditions can affect the accuracy of estimation. Various methods, including post-mortem changes examination, bone structure analysis, and instrumental and molecular approaches, have been used, but accurate estimation remains difficult.
Review
Oncology
Alvaro Moreira, Lucie Heinzerling, Nina Bhardwaj, Philip Friedlander
Summary: This manuscript discusses recent updates on melanoma-related clinical trial data, including new therapeutic agents, long-term efficacy and safety data, breakthroughs related to management after resistance, and clinical trials for non-cutaneous melanoma. Groundbreaking research in immunology and cancer biology has led to the development of novel therapeutics, revolutionizing the clinical care of patients with metastatic melanoma.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Robyn Whitney, Kevin C. Jones, Suvasini Sharma, Rajesh RamachandranNair
Summary: Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is the leading cause of epilepsy-related death, but many neurologists do not inform patients and their families about it, despite recommendations. Some argue that patients have a right to know, while others believe it may cause unnecessary stress.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ralph G. G. Andrzejak, Hitten P. P. Zaveri, Andreas Schulze-Bonhage, Marc G. G. Leguia, William C. C. Stacey, Mark P. P. Richardson, Levin Kuhlmann, Klaus Lehnertz
Summary: Significant progress has been made recently in seizure forecasting. Wearable and implantable devices that record various signals have provided valuable data for analyzing seizure dynamics. Network science approaches have also contributed to understanding the pre-ictal dynamics of epileptic brains. A key challenge now is to effectively communicate the results of seizure-forecasting algorithms to patients, caretakers, and clinicians.
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Helena R. Moreira, Alexandra P. Marques
Summary: This review discusses the strategies of regulating vascularization in cutaneous wound healing through biomaterial-based and cell-based approaches, highlighting the importance of considering the temporal features of the healing process and different types of wounds beyond the contribution to regulate vascularization.
CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Micah E. Hirsch, Austin Thompson, Yunjung Kim, Kaitlin L. Lansford
Summary: This study examined the reliability and validity of speech-language pathologists' estimations of speech intelligibility in dysarthria. The results showed that these estimations had strong intra- and interrater reliability and a moderate positive relationship between different methods. The estimations were also predictive of listeners' scores. Overall, the study concluded that these estimations are valid and reliable, although there may be variability between pathologists.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
David Lukanovic, Marija Batkoska, Gorazd Kavsek, Mirjam Druskovic
Summary: Intraamniotic infection, also known as chorioamnionitis, is an inflammatory infection that can affect the amniotic fluid, placenta, fetus, fetal membranes, umbilical cord, or decidua. The treatment of chorioamnionitis varies widely due to different bacterial causes and limited evidence-based guidelines. Antibiotic therapy alone is not sufficient to cure chorioamnionitis, and delivery may be necessary for complete recovery.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Giselle Nunez, Molly Buren, Liliana Diaz-Vazquez, Tara Bailey
Summary: The study found that bilingual speech-language pathologists benefit from participation in a professional learning community, but also face challenges with participation. They reported positive outcomes from exposure to new techniques and platforms.
LANGUAGE SPEECH AND HEARING SERVICES IN SCHOOLS
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Mario Cazzola, Clive P. Page, Maria Gabriella Matera, Paola Rogliani, Nicola A. Hanania
Summary: Current guidelines and strategies for asthma treatment primarily focus on improving lung function and reducing symptoms. However, they fail to address the underlying mechanisms of this heterogeneous disease. It is necessary to re-evaluate the current one-size-fits-all approach and develop more personalized asthma management.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Oriol Tallo-Parra, Marina Salas, Xavier Manteca
Summary: Zoological institutions, such as zoos and aquariums, have made animal welfare a top priority, as it is not only a moral obligation but also crucial for fulfilling their roles in education and conservation. There is a need for science-based tools to assess and monitor animal welfare in these settings. However, assessing the welfare of zoo animals is challenging due to the diversity of species and lack of knowledge on their specific needs. This review aims to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of existing methodologies for assessing zoo animal welfare through: (1) A critical analysis of the main approaches to zoo animal welfare assessment; (2) A description of the most relevant animal-based welfare indicators for zoo animals with a particular focus on behavioural and physiological indicators; and (3) An identification of areas that require further research.
