Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Mayra Alejandra Mafla-Espana, Maria Dolores Torregrosa, Omar Cauli
Summary: Most elderly patients with metastatic prostate cancer should undergo a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) to identify frailty syndrome, which is crucial for clinical decisions. Frailty is associated with lower quality of life and can affect the feasibility and side effects of treatments. Evaluation of frailty syndrome should be considered in clinical decision-making and when selecting the most appropriate active treatment for increased survival.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gerhardt Attard, Laura Murphy, Noel W. Clarke, William Cross, Robert J. Jones, Christopher C. Parker, Silke Gillessen, Adrian Cook, Chris Brawley, Claire L. Amos, Nafisah Atako, Cheryl Pugh, Michelle Buckner, Simon Chowdhury, Zafar Malik, J. Martin Russell, Clare Gilson, Hannah Rush, Jo Bowen, Anna Lydon, Ian Pedley, Joe M. O'Sullivan, Alison Birtle, Joanna Gale, Narayanan Srihari, Carys Thomas, Jacob Tanguay, John Wagstaff, Prantik Das, Emma Gray, Mymoona Alzoueb, Omi Parikh, Angus Robinson, Isabel Syndikus, James Wylie, Anjali Zarkar, George Thalmann, Johann S. de Bono, David P. Dearnaley, Malcolm D. Mason, Duncan Gilbert, Ruth E. Langley, Robin Millman, David Matheson, Matthew R. Sydes, Louise C. Brown, Mahesh K. B. Parmar, Nicholas D. James
Summary: The combination therapy of abiraterone acetate with prednisolone showed significantly higher rates of metastasis-free survival compared with ADT alone in men with high-risk non-metastatic prostate cancer. This combination therapy may be considered a new standard treatment for this patient population.
Article
Oncology
Shefali Chaudhary, Alicia Roy, Christine Summers, Tim Ahles, Chiang -Shan R. Li, Herta H. Chao
Summary: This study has found that androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) may lead to cognitive deficits and impaired white matter integrity in prostate cancer patients. It is the first investigation of the influence of ADT on white matter integrity, and the findings indicate that 6 months of ADT can affect white matter integrity and is associated with slower processing speed.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mallika Marar, Qi Long, Ronac Mamtani, Vivek Narayan, Neha Vapiwala, Ravi B. Parikh
Summary: This study investigated the differences in outcomes between African American and non-Hispanic White men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) who received first-line abiraterone therapy. The results showed that African American men had a higher overall survival when receiving first-line abiraterone compared to non-Hispanic White men. However, there was a difference in outcomes between the two groups for first-line enzalutamide treatment.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shabbir M. H. Alibhai, Henriette Breunis, Gregory Feng, Narhari Timilshina, Aaron Hansen, Padraig Warde, Richard Gregg, Anthony Joshua, Neil Fleshner, George Tomlinson, Urban Emmenegger
Summary: This study longitudinally examined cognitive function in older men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer undergoing treatment with docetaxel, abiraterone, enzalutamide, and radium Ra 223. The findings suggest that most older men do not experience significant cognitive decline in attention, executive function, and global cognition regardless of the treatment used.
Article
Oncology
Thomas W. Gaither, Lorna Kwan, Jefersson Villatoro, Mark S. Litwin
Summary: This study compared the health-related quality of life in men with metastatic prostate cancer who underwent surgical vs. medical castration. It found that surgical castration did not negatively impact overall or disease-specific quality of life, and patients who underwent orchiectomy reported better urinary function.
UROLOGIC ONCOLOGY-SEMINARS AND ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Shefali Chaudhary, Simon Zhornitsky, Alicia Roy, Christine Summers, Tim Ahles, Chiang-Shan R. Li, Herta H. Chao
Summary: By examining the effects of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) on hypothalamic resting state functional connectivity, this study found that ADT can increase the connectivity between the hypothalamus and other brain regions, which is associated with cognitive and affective functions. These findings suggest that ADT may compensate for its effects by maintaining cognitive abilities and quality of life in patients.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tae Jin Kim, Young Hwa Lee, Kyo Chul Koo
Summary: The androgen receptor (AR) plays a crucial role in the development and progression of prostate cancer (PCa), and treatment for hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC) relies heavily on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Despite most patients progressing to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), studies suggest that manipulating alternative molecular pathways can help improve current treatments and develop novel therapies for CRPC management.
Article
Oncology
Fatima Karzai, Stephanie M. Walker, Scott Wilkinson, Ravi A. Madan, Joanna H. Shih, Maria J. Merino, Stephanie A. Harmon, David J. VanderWeele, Lisa M. Cordes, Nicole Carrabba, John R. Bright, Nicolas T. Terrigino, Guinevere Chun, Marijo Bilusic, Anna Couvillon, Amy Hankin, Monique N. Williams, Rosina T. Lis, Huihui Ye, Peter L. Choyke, James L. Gulley, Adam G. Sowalsky, Baris Turkbey, Peter A. Pinto, William L. Dahut
Summary: For patients with localized intermediate- or high-risk prostate cancer, baseline mpMRI can help predict pathologic response, with low relative tumor burden at initial scan being most predictive of minimal residual disease or pathologic complete response. Tailoring patient selection based on these metrics may lead to improved outcomes in high-risk disease.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wei Tan, Liang Gao, Ye Yuan, Hao Huang, Yadong Li, Yuanqing Gou, Zili Hu
Summary: Research has shown a higher occurrence of bladder cancer in men compared to women, leading researchers to investigate the role of androgen in bladder cancer. A study was conducted with 147 patients diagnosed with primary bladder cancer and 154 non-tumor patients as the control group. The results revealed a significant correlation between serum total testosterone levels and the occurrence of bladder cancer, along with other factors such as hemoglobin, hypertension, diabetes, and smoking.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Praful Ravi, Atish D. Choudhury
Summary: Intensification of systemic therapy with the addition of novel androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs) improves overall survival in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). However, continuous use of ARPIs may lead to long-term toxicities, lower quality of life, and higher healthcare costs. Depth of the initial prostate-specific antigen response is associated with favorable outcomes. Evaluation of high-intensity intermittent therapy is warranted.
EUROPEAN UROLOGY FOCUS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Soumyajit Roy, Tahmineh Romero, Jeff M. Michalski, Felix Y. Feng, Jason A. Efstathiou, Colleen A. F. Lawton, Michel Bolla, Philippe Maingon, Theo de Reijke, David Joseph, Wee Loon Ong, Matthew R. Sydes, David P. Dearnaley, Alison C. Tree, Nathalie Carrier, Abdenour Nabid, Luis Souhami, Luca Incrocci, Wilma D. Heemsbergen, Floris J. Pos, Almudena Zapatero, Araceli Guerrero, Ana Alvarez, Carmen Gonzalez San-Segundo, Xavier Maldonado, Robert E. Reiter, Matthew B. Rettig, Nicholas G. Nickols, Michael L. Steinberg, Luca F. Valle, T. Martin Ma, Matthew J. Farrell, Beth K. Neilsen, Jesus E. Juarez, Jie Deng, Sitaram Vangala, Norbert Avril, Angela Y. Jia, Nicholas G. Zaorsky, Yilun Sun, Daniel Spratt, Amar U. Kishan
Summary: This study evaluated the surrogacy of biochemical recurrence (BCR) for overall survival (OS) in localized prostate cancer. The results showed that BCR-free survival (BCRFS) and time to BCR (TTBCR) can serve as prognostic indicators, but they do not fully satisfy the surrogacy criteria. The strength of the correlation was greater when noncancer-related deaths were considered as events.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sheng-Feng Lin, Hsiu-Chen Lin, Mei-Yu Lee, Joseph Jordan Keller, Li-Hsuan Wang
Summary: This study found a decreased risk of atopic diseases in patients with prostate cancer treated with GnRH analogues. Further studies are warranted to verify the association between testosterone levels and atopic diseases.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Masaki Shiota, Miho Ushijima, Shigehiro Tsukahara, Shohei Nagakawa, Leandro Blas, Dai Takamatsu, Satoshi Kobayashi, Takashi Matsumoto, Junichi Inokuchi, Masatoshi Eto
Summary: This study explored the cellular mechanisms involved in steroidogenesis that lead to resistance to the antiandrogen agent darolutamide in prostate cancer. The overexpression of HSD3B1 and its upstream regulator NR5A2 were found in darolutamide-resistant cells, and they were induced by darolutamide treatment and AR knockdown. Inhibiting the NR5A2/HSD3B1 pathway can increase cellular sensitivity to darolutamide, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic strategy to overcome resistance.
DRUG RESISTANCE UPDATES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Irbaz Bin Riaz, Syed Arsalan Ahmed Naqvi, Huan He, Noureen Asghar, Rabbia Siddiqi, Hongfang Liu, Parminder Singh, Daniel S. Childs, Praful Ravi, Syed A. Hussain, Mohammad Hassan Murad, Stephen A. Boorjian, Christopher Sweeney, Eliezer M. Van Allen, Alan H. Bryce
Summary: This study aimed to assess the comparative effectiveness of contemporary systemic treatment options for patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) across clinically relevant subgroups. The results suggest that darolutamide (DARO) triplet and abiraterone (AAP) triplet are not associated with improved overall survival (OS) compared to androgen pathway inhibitor (API) doublets in the overall population. However, AAP + D + ADT may improve OS in high-volume disease patients.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Desiree E. Sanchez, Stanley K. Frencher, Mark S. Litwin
Summary: This narrative review investigates the role of translational research in addressing disparities in urology and explores current translational and interventional urologic programs that aim to bridge the gap. Three established disparity-focused urologic interventional programs are identified and discussed in detail. The findings provide 10 policy relevant implications to facilitate the translation of urologic disparities research from evidence synthesis to practice.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Andrew T. Lenis, Mark S. Litwin
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Peter Chang, Andrew A. Wagner, Meredith M. Regan, Joseph A. Smith, Christopher S. Saigal, Mark S. Litwin, Jim C. Hu, Matthew R. Cooperberg, Peter R. Carroll, Eric A. Klein, Adam S. Kibel, Gerald L. Andriole, Misop Han, Alan W. Partin, David P. Wood, Catrina M. Crociani, Thomas K. Greenfield, Dattatraya Patil, Larry A. Hembroff, Kyle Davis, Linda Stork, Daniel E. Spratt, John T. Wei, Martin G. Sanda
Summary: In high-volume academic centers, patients undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) and open radical prostatectomy (ORP) can expect similar long-term health-related quality of life outcomes. Overall, RALP patients experience fewer post-surgical complications, less pain, and shorter hospital stays compared to ORP.
JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Fanny Sampurno, Christoph Kowalski, Sarah E. Connor, Anissa Nguyen, Angels Pont Acuna, Chi-Fai Ng, Claire Foster, Gunter Feick, Olatz Garin Boronat, Sebastian Dieng, Silvana Brglevska, Stephanie Ferrante, Steven Leung, Paul Villanti, Caroline M. Moore, Ian D. Graham, Jeremy L. Millar, Mark S. Litwin, Nathan Papa
Summary: The TrueNTH Global Registry (TNGR) aims to improve patient outcomes for localized prostate cancer by collating data from healthcare institutions across multiple countries. A systematic evaluation of supporting documents and consultations with local institutions resulted in four areas of improvement.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Stephen McMahon, Xi Zhou, Christopher D. Baggett, Marc A. Bjurlin, Ronald C. Chen, Stephen B. Riggs, Mark S. Litwin, Matthew Milowsky, Eric M. Wallen, Hung-Jui Tan
Summary: Care for testis cancer patients requires strict adherence to clinical guidelines, especially for those undergoing active surveillance. However, the quality of care remains largely unknown.
CLINICAL GENITOURINARY CANCER
(2022)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Yaw A. Nyame, Matthew R. Cooperberg, Marcus G. Cumberbatch, Scott E. Eggener, Ruth Etzioni, Scarlett L. Gomez, Christopher Haiman, Franklin Huang, Cheryl T. Lee, Mark S. Litwin, Georgios Lyratzopoulos, James L. Mohler, Adam B. Murphy, Curtis Pettaway, Isaac J. Powell, Peter Sasieni, Edward M. Schaeffer, Shahrokh F. Shariat, John L. Gore
Summary: Men of African ancestry have higher rates of prostate cancer mortality, driven by social factors. Addressing this inequality requires a research approach that considers structural, social, environmental, and health factors. However, there are limited studies on interventions to reduce this inequality.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Thomas W. Gaither, John T. Sigalos, Raphael J. Landovitz, Jesse N. Mills, Mark S. Litwin, Sriram Eleswarapu
Summary: This study aimed to quantify the prevalence of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use and COVID-19 vaccination disclosure among geosocial networking (GSN) app users, mostly men who have sex with men, in the United States. The study found that race was associated with PrEP disclosure, while geographic area was associated with COVID-19 vaccination disclosure. GSN users in rural areas were less likely to disclose PrEP use and COVID-19 vaccination.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Thomas W. Gaither, Lorna Kwan, Jefersson Villatoro, Mark S. Litwin
Summary: This study compared the health-related quality of life in men with metastatic prostate cancer who underwent surgical vs. medical castration. It found that surgical castration did not negatively impact overall or disease-specific quality of life, and patients who underwent orchiectomy reported better urinary function.
UROLOGIC ONCOLOGY-SEMINARS AND ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Rachel M. Caprini, Michelle K. Oberoi, Dillon Dejam, Candace H. Chan, Hi'ilani M. K. Potemra, Katarina B. J. Morgan, Amy Weimer, Mark S. Litwin, Abie H. Mendelsohn, Justine C. Lee
Summary: This study examines the impact of gender-affirming facial feminization surgery (FFS) on psychosocial outcomes in patients with gender dysphoria. Using validated instruments, the study found that patients who underwent FFS reported improved scores in anxiety, anger, depression, positive affect, meaning and purpose, global mental health, and social isolation. Furthermore, completion of FFS was independently predictive of improved psychosocial functioning. The results of this study suggest that gender-affirming FFS enhances the quality of life in transfeminine patients.
Article
Oncology
Ting Martin Ma, Leslie K. Ballas, Holly Wilhalme, Ankush Sachdeva, Natalie Chong, Sahil Sharma, Tiffany Yang, Vincent Basehart, Robert E. Reiter, Christopher Saigal, Karim Chamie, Mark S. Litwin, Matthew B. Rettig, Nicholas G. Nickols, Stephanie M. Yoon, Lauren Smith, Yu Gao, Michael L. Steinberg, Minsong Cao, Amar U. Kishan
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the application of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in patients with prostate cancer. The study found that SBRT treatment resulted in minimal short-term physician-scored genitourinary (GU) and gastrointestinal (GI) toxicities, and improved patient-reported quality of life.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Thomas W. Gaither, Nathan W. Vincent, Eduardo Piqueiras, Devin Barzallo, Allen Siapno, Kristen C. Williams, Marcia Russell, Mark S. Litwin
Summary: This study aimed to assess and describe the subjective role of the prostate as a pleasure center in individuals with diverse receptive anal intercourse (RAI) experiences, and to identify nonprostatic areas that produce erotic sensation and/or pain. The study found that the anorectal region produces various pleasurable sensations during RAI, and identified two distinct categories of pain. The importance of this study lies in its contribution to understanding the location of sexual sensations and sexual functioning after different surgical interventions, as well as providing a language for pleasure and pain during RAI to improve communication between sexual partners and clinicians.
JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Allen Enrique D. Siapno, Thomas W. Gaither, Megha D. Tandel, Lorna Kwan, Ying-Ying Meng, Sarah E. Connor, Sally L. Maliski, Arlene Fink, Sheba George, Mark S. Litwin
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of transitioning from a disease-focused treatment program to comprehensive health insurance under the Affordable Care Act on the quality of life (QoL) of low-income men previously uninsured. The study found that transitioning to comprehensive health insurance may improve general QoL while maintaining prostate cancer-specific QoL.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Joaquin Michel, Dhaval Jivanji, Alexander N. Goel, Patrick M. Lec, Andrew T. Lenis, Mark S. Litwin, Karim Chamie
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the factors and costs associated with 30-day readmissions for patients undergoing radical nephrectomy. The findings revealed that factors such as age, comorbidity score, and surgical approach were significantly associated with readmission rates. Gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, urinary tract infections, and wound complications were common reasons for readmission. The study highlights the importance of reducing readmission rates and controlling healthcare costs.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Allison C. Hu, Mengyuan T. Liu, Candace H. Chan, Saloni Gupta, Brian N. Dang, Gladys Y. Ng, Mark S. Litwin, George H. Rudkin, Amy K. Weimer, Justine C. Lee
Summary: An increasing number of nonbinary patients are receiving gender-affirming procedures, but the preferred treatments for nonbinary patients are still not well-described. This study aims to investigate the goals and treatments of nonbinary patients. The results show that the majority of nonbinary patients were assigned male at birth, with most of them receiving hormone therapy and a smaller percentage undergoing surgical intervention.
ARCHIVES OF PLASTIC SURGERY-APS
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Thomas W. Gaither, Allen E. D. Siapno, Reza Kianian, Nathan Vincent, Kristen C. Williams, Eduardo Piquerias, Marcia M. Russell, Mark S. Litwin
Summary: Despite the stigma, receptive anal intercourse (RAI) has a positive influence on sexual and relationship health. This study aimed to quantify pelvic sensations during RAI and determine how they change with experience. The results showed that lifetime exposure to RAI is associated with increased pleasure and decreased pain and bowel urgency sensations.
JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE
(2023)