Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ekaterina Kosareva, Radmir Gainutdinov, Anna Nikolskaia, Alla N. N. Pivkina, Nikita V. V. Muravyev
Summary: Vaporization is an important aspect of studying energetic materials, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) offers a unique method to track particle volume changes under heating. However, nanoscale structural effects can interfere with sublimation mass loss. This study provides a comprehensive investigation of the sublimation of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) thin films, considering various measurement parameters, heating techniques, sample compositions, and substrate types. AFM allows precise nanoscale vaporization experiments and can provide reliable estimates of sublimation enthalpy, but sample morphology and concurrent structural transformations should be considered for valid results.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xiuling Li, Fengying Gao, Xiaoyong Xiong, Mingqiang Li, Guanggen Zeng, Bing Li, Mohsen Ghali
Summary: Sb2S3 has a unique one-dimensional structure composed of (Sb4S6) n ribbons, leading to strong anisotropic carrier transport. The direction of grain growth along the (hk1) orientation is crucial for efficient carrier transport. In this study, Sb2S3 thin films were fabricated using the close space sublimation method with systematic regulation of substrate temperature. The optimized Sb2S3 thin film exhibited preferred orientation towards the (hk1) direction. The champion device achieved power conversion efficiencies of 3.06% and 1.69% with Au and Ni electrodes, respectively.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Muhammad Hamid Siddiqi, Xiao-min Liu, Muhammad Asif Hussain, Tayyab Qureshi, Muhammad Waqas, Muhammad Farooq, Tanveer Iqbal, Saba Nawaz, Saher Nawaz
Summary: In this study, the utilization of plastic, wood, and cloth for the production of refused derived fuels (RDFs) was examined, with RDF-I demonstrating high carbon and hydrogen content, adequate calorific value, and better activation energy. The results suggest that RDF-I is a preferable option for energy applications and combustion reactions, showcasing superior qualities compared to other RDF samples.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Na Zeng, Wenzhi Huang, Jindong Zhang, Taotao Hub, Ling Zhu
Summary: The study found that a 10% concentration of phosphoric acid benefits the crystal growth of LaPO4 nanocrystalline, and when the pH of the reaction solution is 2, the size of LaPO4 crystallites increases with temperature and has a lower activation energy for crystal growth. Additionally, the mechanical properties of bulk rare-earth phosphates decrease as the radius of rare-earth ions decreases, due to an increase in porosity under the same preparation process.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Agnieszka Gola, Tomasz Knysak, Igor Mucha, Witold Musial
Summary: The thermal decomposition and kinetic parameters of four polymers, PN-1, PN-05, PN-01, and PN-005, were determined by thermogravimetry (TGA/DTG) under non-isothermal conditions. N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPA)-based polymers were synthesized by the surfactant-free precipitation polymerization (SFPP) with different concentrations of the anionic initiator potassium persulphate (KPS). Thermogravimetric experiments were carried out in the temperature range of 25-700 degrees C at four heating rates, 5, 10, 15, and 20 degrees C min(-1), under a nitrogen atmosphere. Poly NIPA (PNIPA) showed three stages of mass loss during the degradation process. The thermal stability of the test material was determined. Activation energy values were estimated using Ozawa, Kissinger, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), and Friedman (FD) methods.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ziwen Lv, Jintao Wang, Fengyi Wang, Jianqiang Wang, Fuquan Li, Hongtao Chen
Summary: Adding Cu6Sn5 nano particles can effectively inhibit the overgrowth of intermetallic compounds at the interfaces of solder joints in electronic devices, providing a solution to this issue. A new growth mechanism of intermetallic compounds at the interfaces was identified.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Syam Prasad Ammineni, Ch Nagaraju, D. Lingaraju
Summary: Nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) exhibits thermal degradation with time and temperature. The study finds that virgin NBR has better thermal stability than naturally aged NBR. The activation energy of NBR varies with conversion rates.
MATERIALS RESEARCH EXPRESS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Songlin Xue, Ningchao Liu, Peifeng Mei, Daiki Kuzuhara, Naoki Aratani, Fengxian Qiu, Hiroko Yamada
Summary: Through synthesis and analysis, a highly distorted binuclear rhodium(I) complex, 2Rh, was successfully prepared, with the rhodium ions triggering a conformational change in the dimethylvinylene-bridges within the molecule.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jun Li, Yinan Yang, Jinsong Li, Yandong Mao, Varinder Saini, Svetlana Kokh
Summary: Underground coal fires cause significant loss of energy resources and pollution. The limited oxygen supply in UCFs results in a unique mode of coal-oxygen reactions. Experimental results show that oxygen concentration does not significantly affect early reaction stages, but influences reaction intensity and duration at low oxygen levels. The variation in apparent activation energy reflects different reaction stages, such as volatiles burning and char oxidation, with limited oxygen supply controlling reaction rate throughout the process.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ankit Patel, Mani Mittal, D. V. Sridhara Rao, A. K. Garg, Renu Tyagi, O. P. Thakur
Summary: The study found that 6H foreign polytype inclusion was observed during initial growth of 4H polytype silicon carbide single crystal by PVT technique, but gradually decreased over time. The presence of 6H polytype inclusion introduced a high density of defects in certain regions, and the distribution of defects varied in different areas.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
V. Karuppasamy Vikraman, D. Praveen Kumar, G. Boopathi, P. Subramanian
Summary: The pyrolysis kinetics of finger millet straw was studied using a thermogravimetric analyzer under N2 environment, with the average activation energy determined to be around 177.80 kJ mol-1. The empirical modeling of the pyrolysis process showed a high model adequacy of 97.55%, indicating the feasibility of exploiting finger millet straw as a pyrolysis feedstock for deriving biofuels.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alex N. Manin, Ksenia V. Drozd, Alexander P. Voronin, Andrei V. Churakov, German L. Perlovich
Summary: A single crystal of furazolidone has been obtained and its crystal structure determined. The study discusses the common and distinctive features of furazolidone and nitrofurantoin crystal packing, as well as characterizing non-covalent interactions in both crystals using advanced analysis techniques. Thermophysical characteristics, decomposition, and solubility processes of the compounds were investigated, revealing important differences between nitrofurantoin and furazolidone. The combination of experimental and theoretical approaches allowed for an in-depth study of the molecular and crystal structure of nitrofuran antibiotics and their pharmaceutically relevant properties.
Article
Thermodynamics
Ping Geng, Jinhao Zheng, Chongcong Li, Yan Zhang
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of CO2 partial pressure on reaction kinetics, and achieves standardization of the power-law rate equation for kinetic computation through experiments.
THERMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Mengjie Liu, Qili He, Jin Bai, Jianglong Yu, Lingxue Kong, Zongqing Bai, Huaizhu Li, Chong He, Xi Cao, Zefeng Ge, Wen Li
Summary: Coal char reactivity is crucial for gasifier design and operation, and is dynamic with reaction during gasification. In-situ char reactivity increases and then decreases due to gas switch step, graphitization degree increase, and inhibition effect of minerals, while ex-situ char reactivity is initially controlled by chemical structure and later by catalytic activity of minerals. The unreaction core model (URCM) is suitable for interpreting gasification kinetics based on dynamic char structure.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Akash Shah, Ramesh Pandey, Anthony Nicholson, Zach Lustig, Ali Abbas, Adam Danielson, John Walls, Amit Munshi, Walajabad Sampath
Summary: Alloying CdTe with selenium to form a CdSexTe1-x/CdTe-graded bilayer device can increase device efficiency, while adding a CdTe layer at the back of CdSexTe1-x film reduces voltage deficit caused by lower bandgap without compromising current, leading to higher efficiency.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Evan Vargas, Michelle L. Pantoya, Mohammed A. Saed, Brandon L. Weeks
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2016)
Article
Thermodynamics
Sanjoy K. Bhattacharia, Brandon L. Weeks, Chau-Chyun Chen
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
(2017)
Article
Electrochemistry
Huige Wei, Yiran Wang, Jiang Guo, Xingru Yan, Ryan O'Connor, Xin Zhang, Nancy Z. Shen, Brandon L. Weeks, Xiaohua Huang, Suying Wei, Zhanhu Guo
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yong Joon Lee, Olga Pahom, Brandon L. Weeks
CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Walid M. Hikal, Brandon L. Weeks
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yong Joon Lee, Brandon L. Weeks
Article
Thermodynamics
Zachary T. Fondren, Walid M. Hikal, Brandon L. Weeks
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nadia S. Fondren, Zachary T. Fondren, Daniel K. Unruh, Brandon L. Weeks
CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nadia S. Fondren, Zachary T. Fondren, Daniel K. Unruh, Amitesh Maiti, Anthony Cozzolino, Yong Joon Lee, Louisa Hope-Weeks, Brandon L. Weeks
CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zachary T. Fondren, Nadia S. Fondren, Gregory B. McKenna, Brandon L. Weeks
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Walid M. Hikal, Sanjoy K. Bhattacharia, Mark W. Vaughn, Brandon L. Weeks
Summary: In this article, the in-situ nanoscale experimental measurement of sublimation rates, activation energy of sublimation, and diffusion coefficients of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) single crystals in air using atomic force microscopy (AFM) is reported. The results suggest that the sublimation process occurs via two-dimensional detachment of TNT molecules from the non-prominent facets on the crystal surface. Sublimation rates are lower than previously reported values, but the calculated activation energy and temperature-dependent sublimation rates agree well with reported values for TNT thin films and microcrystals. The average diffusion coefficient is within the range of reported theoretical values and slightly lower than that determined using thermogravimetric analysis for powder TNT.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Karin Ardon-Dryer, Juliusz Warzywoda, Rumeysa Tekin, Jnev Biros, Sharilyn Almodovar, Brandon L. Weeks, Louisa J. Hope-Weeks, Albert Sacco
Summary: This study found that even with highly efficient filtering materials, masks that do not fit properly compromise the ability of the materials to protect users from aerosols. Therefore, mask design is equally important as the filtration efficiency of the mask material.
AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH
(2021)
Correction
Chemistry, Physical
Bin Qiu, Yiran Wang, Dezhi Sun, Qiang Wang, Xin Zhang, Brandon L. Weeks, Ryan O'Connor, Xiaohua Huang, Suying Wei, Zhanhu Guo
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2020)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xin Zhang, Katherine S. Ziemer, Brandon L. Weeks
ADVANCED COMPOSITES AND HYBRID MATERIALS
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yong Joon Lee, Nadia S. Fondren, Brandon L. Weeks
