Article
Engineering, Environmental
Momang Tian, Qian Yu, Yuewen Lu, Ji-Min Han, Li Yang
Summary: In this study, the effects of low temperatures on the properties and performance of lead styphnate (LS) were explored through cryogenic storage experiments. It was found that LS exhibited increased impact sensitivity and decreased flame sensitivity at low temperatures. In-situ testing revealed that the distortion of LS crystal structure was responsible for its ignition failure at low temperatures.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhenzhan Yan, Li Yang, Wenchao Tong, Ji-Min Han
Summary: In this study, a carbon-based lead azide with a carbon shell coating (LA/C) was prepared using a lead-containing MOF as the precursor material. The LA/C exhibited reduced electrostatic sensitivity and increased flame sensitivity, thanks to the coating effect and excellent electrical and thermal conductivity of the carbon shell. High-speed photography of the initiation process showed that LA/C has a very short initiation time (less than 1 ms) and excellent detonation ability. The properties of LA/C were found to be better than those of previously reported pure LA and most modified LA materials. These findings provide a new perspective for synthesizing high-performance carbon-based primary explosives with a core-shell structure.
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yuewen Lu, Qian Yu, Momang Tian, Li Yang
Summary: In this study, an accelerated aging test was conducted to investigate the aging behavior of lead styphnate (LS) under high temperature and high humidity conditions. The color of LS faded and its surface became rough and filled with cracks and small micropores after aging. X-ray diffraction results showed a significant decrease or even disappearance of characteristic peaks. The thermal stability of LS slightly decreased, and its sensitivity performance gradually degraded after hygrothermal aging. Particularly, the flame sensitivity of LS decreased with aging time. These findings provide relevant evidence for the reliability of LS in storage conditions.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ya-Nan Gu, Jiang-Feng Lu, Hao Liu, Bo Zhao, Xiang-Hong Zhou, Yu-Qiao Zhao, Qiao-Zhen Sun, Bing-Guang Zhang
Summary: This study designed two pyridyl functionalized aromatic carboxylic acids as linkers to construct aggregation-induced emission active coordination polymers. Two complexes with open pyridyl active sites were successfully synthesized. Fluorescence studies showed that both complexes can quickly detect 4-nitrophenol and Fe3+ ions through luminescence quenching, with complex 1 exhibiting higher sensitivity and selectivity.
CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Blossom Cyget, P. Sivakumar
Summary: Augmented reality (AR) is used in education to provide an interactive and engaging way of learning. This study examines the effectiveness of an AR-based flashcard application in teaching basic Tamil words to primary school students. The results show that learning through AR-based flashcards enhances students' learning and increases their interest in studying. This research suggests that AR technology can improve learning behavior and opportunities for students.
EDUCATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Tingwei Wang, Shu Bu, Zujia Lu, Baolong Kuang, Zhenxin Yi, Zhiming Xie, Chao Zhang, Yan Li, Jianguo Zhang
Summary: Based on the principles of crystallization chemistry and synthetic chemistry, the concept of multi-structure CPs was proposed for the first time, and two primary explosives, Cu(PZCA)2(ClO4)2 (ECPs-1) and Cu(HAPZCA)2(ClO4)4 (EIsCPs-1), were creatively designed. ECPs-1 is a simple coordination polymer with a 0D structure, while EIsCPs-1 is a new energetic compound with a dual structure of ionic salts and complexes, which is a novel discovery in the field of ECPs. The structures of these compounds were thoroughly characterized using infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and single crystal X-ray diffractometry. EIsCPs-1, in particular, exhibits a higher nitrogen and oxygen content (69.8%), OB value (4.9%), and detonation performance (DEXPLO 5 = 8152 m s-1, PEXPLO 5 = 28.5 GPa) due to its unique combination of coordination bonds and hydrogen bonds.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Dalton Ennis, Dylan Golden, Mackenzie C. C. Curtin, Alma Cooper, Cynthia Sun, Kathleen Riegner, Caleb C. C. Johnson, Julia L. L. Nolletti, Kingsley B. B. Wallace, Jose A. A. Chacon, Haven Bethune, Tessy S. S. Ritchie, Vincent Schnee, Daniel R. R. DeNeve, Dawn E. E. Riegner
Summary: This research aims to develop lightweight and field-applicable sensors for detecting explosive vapors by utilizing quantum dots (QDs) incorporated into polymer fibers. The data shows that QD-doped fibers continuously quench in the presence of explosive vapors, offering a simple and visual response for detecting explosive threats. The integration of QDs into the fibers' structure, along with their reusability and durability, presents desirable characteristics for a field-operable and multimodal sensor.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Qamar-un-Nisa Tariq, Saira Manzoor, Maher-un-Nisa Tariq, Wen-Li Cao, Jian-Guo Zhang
Summary: This review summarizes the recent progress in new-generation potassium-based primary explosives, including their methods of preparation, energetic properties, and applications, and compares them with traditional primary explosives. It also discusses the necessity of heavy metal-free primary explosives and the major challenges faced in replacing traditional primary explosives.
DEFENCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Seyed Ghorban Hosseini, Hossein Sharifnezhad, Manoochehr Fathollahi, Abdalfarid Abotorabe, Hamid Reza Ghaenii
Summary: This study focuses on reducing the electrostatic discharge sensitivity of lead styphnate particles by using microencapsulation technique with viton A and nitrocellulose as coating agents. Results show that samples coated with viton A exhibit better performance compared to nitrocellulose, and the sensitivity can be controlled by adjusting the amount of coating agent.
JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jing Xu, Jian Sun, Xiaoxia Ma, Lei Zhang, Wenchao Tong, Li Yang
Summary: This paper proposes a new strategy, the metal organic framework/reactive antistatic agent strategy (MOF/RAA strategy), which introduces the reactive antistatic agent (WO3) into the ternary copper azide /carbon activity system. The novel reactive multi-component system (ternary copper azide /carbon/tungsten trioxide) shows high electrostatic safety and remarkable detonating ability due to the electrical conductivity and active participation of the reactive antistatic agent (WO3). This discovery provides a safe and energy-enhanced way for the design and synthesis of novel energetic compounds.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Vijay K. Nuthakki, Ramesh Mudududdla, Sandip B. Bharate
Summary: Indoloquinoline (IQ) is an important class of naturally occurring antimalarial alkaloids, with a structural framework consisting of four isomeric ring systems. Aminoalkylation plays a critical role in improving the therapeutic window and biological activity of IQs.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jacek Wojtas, Mateusz Szala
Summary: TE-FTIR is a new method used for examining the thermal stability of energetic materials. Testing on three melt-cast explosives revealed different decomposition behaviors and stability levels, providing a potential new parameter for characterization of thermal stability in explosives. This method offers the possibility of developing compact and portable tools for rapid testing of explosives in field conditions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chao Wang, Hui-Min Guo, Rui Pang, Wei-Wei Ren, Yong-Li Wei, Ai-Feng He, Rui Zhang, Lei Zhang, Jian-Hua Chen, Qian-You Wang, Shuang-Quan Zang
Summary: In this study, a highly efficient laser-ignitable primary explosive was prepared by constructing a core-shell hetero-framework. The explosive showed lower laser energy thresholds and higher detonation ability compared to traditional metal complex-based primary explosives. The study also demonstrated successful laser initiation and detonation of secondary explosives. This research provides a unique method for constructing high-performance laser-ignitable primary explosives for micro-detonator applications.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Begum Bozkaya, Jochen Settelein, Miriam Komma, Grazyna Gryglewicz, Gerhard Sextl, Guinevere A. Giffin
Summary: The study showed the impact of carbon surface basicity on the electrochemical activity and dynamic charge acceptance (DCA) of lead-carbon electrodes. It was found that carbon pH values significantly affect the DCA of lead-acid batteries.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Eric Beckel, Karl Oyler, Neha Mehta, Natasha Khatri, John Marin, Akash Shah, Emily Cordaro-Gioia, Robert Decker, Henry Grau, Daniel Stec
Summary: Resonant acoustic mixing (RAM) technology has matured rapidly over the past decade for defense applications, offering safe and efficient mixing capabilities. While it has been successfully applied to secondary explosives, its rigorous evaluation with highly sensitive primary explosives is still pending.
PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS
(2021)
