Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Christopher Golz, Anna Krawczuk
Summary: In this study, a new polymorph of unsolvated spironolactone, form III, was discovered and its crystal structure and relative thermodynamic stability were investigated. The results indicate that the crystal structures of spironolactone are primarily governed by dispersive interactions and a small amount of hydrogen bonding.
CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jiayin Gu, Lian-Tao Wang, Cen Zhang
Summary: The diphoton channel at lepton colliders provides a clear and robust test of fundamental principles of quantum field theory through the positivity bounds. The capability of various future lepton colliders in probing the dimension-eight operators and testing the positivity bounds in this channel is also estimated. The positivity bounds can lift certain flat directions among the effective operators and significantly change the perspectives of a global analysis.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Long Zhou, Chun Li, Xiaoqing Si, Chenghao Zhang, Bo Yang, Junlei Qi, Jian Cao
Summary: Flash joining of silicon carbide (SiC) was achieved at an ultra-low furnace temperature of 400 degrees C in air by applying a direct current (DC) electric field. The voltage and current trends are related to the 'flash' phenomenon of the joining process. The interface temperature ranged from 990 degrees C to 950 degrees C during joining. Flash joining of SiC was realized by electric field-assisted in situ oxidation to form amorphous SiO2 at the interface.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Oleksandr Balabanov, Carlos Ortega-Taberner, Maria Hermanns
Summary: This paper investigates various types of topological phenomena at criticality and generalizes known topological quantities to finite temperatures, considering gapped and critical systems simultaneously. The quantization of topological indices at criticality is recovered by taking the low-temperature limit, which is analytically demonstrated and numerically verified in a case study of chiral critical chains.
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Wanbing He, Qingfeng Li, Yugang Ma, Zhongming Niu, Junchen Pei, Yingxun Zhang
Summary: Machine learning (ML) is gaining popularity as a new paradigm for scientific research in various fields, thanks to its exciting capability of modeling tools for big-data processing tasks. This paper provides a brief introduction to the different methodologies used in ML algorithms and techniques. It presents selected applications in low- and intermediate-energy nuclear physics, covering theoretical aspects such as nuclear structure, reactions, and properties, as well as experimental applications in event identification/reconstruction, system control, and firmware performance. The paper concludes with a summary and outlook on the potential directions and improvements in ML algorithms for low-intermediate energy nuclear physics.
SCIENCE CHINA-PHYSICS MECHANICS & ASTRONOMY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
P. A. Krachkov, A. I. Milstein
Summary: This study investigates the effect of screening by atomic electrons on the behavior of electron and positron wave functions in the continuous spectrum at small distances. It is found that this effect is not only influenced by the static potential of atomic electrons, but also by the polarization potential and the essential exchange interaction for nonrelativistic electrons. An analytical expression for the photoproduction cross section of e+e- pair in an atomic field near the threshold is derived, and the spectrum and angular distribution of the produced particles are considered. The results show that screening has a significant impact on the cross section in the near-threshold region.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dongxu Li, Xiangyu Meng, Enhao Zhou, Xiaoxiao Chen, Zhonghui Shen, Qinghu Guo, Zhonghua Yao, Minghe Cao, Jinsong Wu, Shujun Zhang, Hanxing Liu, Hua Hao
Summary: By taking advantage of the phase transition in antiferroelectric film PbZrO3 (PZO), researchers introduce isovalent (Sr2+) and aliovalent (La3+) dopants to form a hierarchical domain structure. This increases the polarization and enhances the backward switching field E-A, while maintaining a stable forward switching field E-F. The result is an ultrahigh energy density of 50 J cm(-3) at low electric fields of 1 MV cm(-1), surpassing current dielectric energy storage films at similar electric field.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jianshuo Zhang, Yuki Nakaya, Ken-ichi Shimizu, Shinya Furukawa
Summary: Electric field catalysis using surface proton conduction is an effective method to break the thermodynamic equilibrium limitation in propane dehydrogenation. This study proposes a catalyst design concept by doping Sm into TiO2 surface to increase surface proton density and deposit Pt-In alloy for better proton collision and propylene formation. The results show that doping an appropriate amount of Sm greatly enhances the catalytic activity in electroassisted propane dehydrogenation at low temperature, achieving a propylene yield of 19.3% compared to the thermodynamic equilibrium yield of 0.5%.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Luis A. M. Rocha, Lewis Thorne, Jasper J. Wong, Julyan H. E. Cartwright, Silvana S. S. Cardoso
Summary: This study describes and studies the formation of confined chemical garden patterns, where cobalt chloride solution is injected at low flow rates into a Hele-Shaw cell filled with sodium silicate. The precipitate forms with a thin filament wrapping around an expanding structure, resulting in the formation of an Archimedean spiral structure.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Pulak Banerjee, Tim Engel, Nicolas Schalch, Adrian Signer, Yannick Ulrich
Summary: We present a calculation of the full set of next-to-next-to-leading-order QED corrections to unpolarized Moller scattering and implement the corresponding matrix elements in the Monte Carlo framework MCMULE, allowing for the computation of fully differential observables. As a first application, results tailored to the kinematics and detector design of the PRad II experiment are shown, where a high-precision theory prediction for Moller scattering is required.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Fabio Apruzzi, Marieke van Beest, Dewi S. W. Gould, Sakura Schafer-Nameki
Summary: This study focuses on confinement in 4d N = 1 SU(N) Super-Yang Mills theory, with an emphasis on the 1-form symmetry and its relation to chiral symmetry breaking. By examining the topological couplings in the 5d truncation of the Klebanov-Strassler solution, the determination of the 1-form symmetry and its 't Hooft anomalies is identified. The research also reveals an infrared 4d topological field theory that realizes chiral symmetry breaking and matches the mixed anomaly, shedding light on the connection between different symmetries in the theory.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ruiqing Chen, Junjie Liu
Summary: This study investigated the purification of ammonia in semiconductor cleanrooms by studying adsorption isotherms on different materials and using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The research found that ammonia has different affinities for HKUST-1, UIO-66, and MIL-100(Fe) compared to water and sulfur dioxide, which could displace preadsorbed ammonia in the cleaning process.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wai-Pan Ng, Qiujiang Liang, Jun Yang
Summary: In this study, a physically justified local correlation feature in a compact basis of small molecules is exploited to construct a highly expressive low-data deep neural network (dNN) model. This model is capable of predicting machine-learned electron correlation energies that are on par with MP2 and CCSD levels of theory for more complex molecules and different datasets. The results show that the dNN-powered model is data efficient and can make highly transferable predictions across various molecular compositions, bond types, and geometries, with accurate results. Rating: 9/10
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Aljawhara H. Almuqrin, Mohammad Ibrahim Abualsayed
Summary: The radiation attenuation characteristics of WO3-Li2O-ZnO-P2O5 glasses were investigated using Phy-X software. The inclusion of WO3 increased the linear attenuation coefficient, indicating a reducing tendency in photon transmission. Increasing density led to a significant reduction in the half-value layer (HVL), particularly between 80 and 100 keV. The addition of WO3 to the glasses decreased the mean free path (MFP) and showed potential for fabricating protection masks used in diagnostic radiation treatment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kristina Cechova, Chenyang Lan, Matus Macik, Nicolas P. F. Barthes, Manfred Jung, Maximilian H. Ulbrich
Summary: This study assessed the dimerization of ORs using three live-cell imaging approaches and found that the formation of dimers depends on receptor membrane density, with kappa OR dimerizing at physiological densities while mu OR and delta OR remain in monomeric form. Long-lasting co-localization of red and green kappa OR spots suggests a specific effect based on OR dimerization rather than coincidental encounters.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Alireza Toloei, Mona Zahednamazi, Reza Ghasemi, Fazel Mohammadi
ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Masoud Mardani, Sara Abolghasemi, David Darvishnia, Ensieh Lotfali, Reza Ghasemi, Mohammad Mahdi Rabiei, Azam Fattahi
JUNDISHAPUR JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Ensieh Lotfali, Behshad Valizadeh, Reza Ghasemi, Seyed Amir Hossein Feghhi
JUNDISHAPUR JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Fariba Shirvani, Zeynab Yassin, Mahzad Erami, Ensieh Lotfali, Reza Ghasemi, Azam Fattahi
JUNDISHAPUR JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Hamede Karami, Reza Ghasemi
Summary: This paper combines classic and intelligent approaches to design an observer-based controller for stabilizing maneuvering hovercrafts. The proposed method utilizes an adaptive neural network observer and a nonsingular super-twisting terminal sliding-mode method to achieve Lyapunov stability, convergence of tracking and observer errors, robustness against uncertainties and disturbances, and reduction of chattering phenomena. Simulation results demonstrate the excellent performance of the derived method.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND APPLICATION
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Ensieh Lotfali, Reza Ghasemi, Azam Fattahi, Mahyar Keymaram, Mohammad Shafiei, Maryam Norouzi, Azin Ayatollahi
Summary: The study focused on investigating the antifungal activities of nanoparticles against fluconazole-resistant C. parapsilosis strains. The nanoparticles demonstrated strong fungicidal activities, affecting the morphology and cell viability of the strains. Additionally, the nanoparticles showed low toxicity towards mammalian cell lines.
ASSAY AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGIES
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Abdollah Karimi, Reza Hasanzadeh Ghasemi
Summary: This paper aims to develop a model for controlling autonomous underwater vehicles by adding ballast tanks at specific locations and controlling the water mass inside. A method is proposed for rewriting the dynamic equations of underwater vehicles with variable mass and moment of inertia. The results show that the number of thrusters can be reduced without limiting the motion of the robot.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DYNAMICS AND CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Khoddam, H. Sadeghi, S. Nahidinezhad
Summary: The He-3(alpha,gamma)Be-7 reaction plays an important role in Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) for the production of light nuclei. Measuring its cross section in the astrophysical energy range can provide answers to various questions in astrophysics. In this study, the Effective Field Theory (EFT) method is used to calculate the radiative capture cross section of this reaction, and the results are consistent with other theoretical methods and experimental data.
ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Fereshteh Jalalvandi, Reza Ghasemi, Maryam Mirzaei, MohammadBagher Shamsi
Summary: Low back pain is a common issue among operating room nurses. This study compared the effectiveness of back exercises and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in reducing pain and disability in nurses with chronic nonspecific low back pain. The results showed that both interventions significantly reduced pain and disability after 6 weeks, but TENS had a greater effect compared to back exercises.
BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Leila Zare, Abdolmajid Ronaghi, Reza Ghasemi, Mehdi Zarei, Mozhgan Sepehri
Summary: Phytochelatin (PC) and glutathione (GSH) are important internal strategies of plants to detoxify heavy metal stress. This study investigated the effect of different cadmium (Cd) concentrations on PC, GSH, and nutrient uptake rates in corn plants. The results showed that increasing Cd concentrations led to higher PC and GSH biosynthesis, but longer exposure periods decreased their concentrations. This study highlights the transient role of PC in Cd detoxification and its relationship with cytoplasmic Cd concentration.
COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mohadese Abidi, Reza Soheilifard, Reza Hasanzadeh Ghasemi
Summary: This study investigated the effects of mutations in the Delta, Delta Plus, and Lambda SARS-CoV-2 variants on their binding affinity with the ACE2 receptor in host cells. The results showed that certain mutations could affect the binding affinity of the RBD-ACE2 complex, but others had no significant impact on the rupture force.
MOLECULAR SIMULATION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maryam Mogheiseh, Reza Hasanzadeh Ghasemi
Summary: This study investigates the ability of a DNA origami nanocarrier to capture and transport cargo using molecular dynamics simulation. The results show that the proposed nanocarrier can successfully capture the cargo while maintaining its structural stability. The presence of the cargo also increases the structural stability in parts of the nanocarrier. Steered molecular dynamics simulation demonstrates that a certain amount of force is required to separate the cargo, which has implications for smart drug delivery.
MOLECULAR BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Venus Shahabi Raberi, Mahboubeh Esmati, Haleh Bodagh, Reza Ghasemi, Mehrdad Ghazal, Azita Matinpour, Mohsen Abbasnezhad
Summary: This study evaluates the beneficial features of apigenin against cardiovascular diseases, emphasizing its ability to regulate miRNAs. The findings demonstrate that apigenin can prevent CVDs through various effects such as promoting cholesterol efflux, preventing hyperlipidemia, reducing cardiocyte apoptosis, and retarding myocyte fibrosis.
GALEN MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Theory & Methods
Reza Ghasemi, Mohammad Reza Rabiei, Ahmad Nezakati
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUZZY LOGIC AND INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS
(2020)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Shabnam Shahsavand, Mohammad Moshirfar, Seyed Hassan Seyed-Sharifi, Mohammad Amin Younessi-Heravi, Reza Ghasemi, Morteza Valaei, Mohsen Yaghubi
ARYA ATHEROSCLEROSIS
(2020)
