Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
R. Sousa, V Silva, H. Rodrigues
Summary: Observations from past earthquakes suggest that indirect economic losses are often greater than direct economic losses, but they are frequently overlooked. This study presents a comprehensive framework for assessing indirect economic losses and highlights the need for risk mitigation measures in the Portuguese economy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Jian He, Limin Zhang, Ruilin Fan, Shengyang Zhou, Hongyu Luo, Dalei Peng
Summary: This study investigates the effectiveness of mitigation measures against large-scale debris flows in Wenchuan, China. Numerical simulation and field investigations are conducted to evaluate the existing mitigation measures and propose improvements. The study finds that serial check dams can effectively reduce the impact of debris flows, but additional measures may still be necessary in some cases.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Chih-Chung Chung, Zih-Yi Li
Summary: Taiwan's steep terrain and fragile geological environment, combined with frequent earthquakes and typhoons, pose risks for the tribe areas. This study applies the principle of risk to assess landslide risk in northern Taiwan and proposes a framework for rapid risk zoning. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework in identifying high-risk slope units, as evidenced by the landslide disasters in the 2016 typhoon event.
NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yanyan Zhou, Dongxia Yue, Geng Liang, Shuangying Li, Yan Zhao, Zengzu Chao, Xingmin Meng
Summary: This study focused on a complete catchment in the Bailong River Basin and used remote sensing and GIS methods to establish a debris flow hazard assessment model using a machine learning algorithm. The results showed that the Extra Trees model was highly accurate. By combining socio-economic data and survey data, a vulnerability assessment model was established, and a debris flow risk assessment model was constructed by combining the hazard and vulnerability factors. The study found that high-risk areas were mainly located in regions with dense economic activities and frequent disasters, providing scientific support for planning measures.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhiquan Yang, Xuguang Zhao, Mao Chen, Jie Zhang, Yi Yang, Wentao Chen, Xianfu Bai, Miaomiao Wang, Qi Wu
Summary: Niumiangou valley, the epicenter of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, has become an area prone to frequent and destructive post-earthquake debris flow disasters. Based on investigations and data analysis, the characteristics and dynamics of post-earthquake debris flows in the valley were assessed, revealing their high hazard degree and destructive power. It was concluded that Niumiangou valley is entering a development phase of debris flows, and large-scale rainfall-induced disasters are likely to occur in the next 20 years.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Wen Zhang, Junqi Chen, Junhua Ma, Chen Cao, Han Yin, Jia Wang, Bo Han
Summary: This study investigates the evolution of sediment and the impact of check dams on it in the Chutou gully during the 2019 and 2020 debris flow. The results show that the sediment evolution remains active in recent years, emphasizing the need for debris flow protection in seismic areas. Check dams play an essential role in protecting against debris flows and significantly influence sediment evolution. It is important to focus on the storage capacity and stability of check dams to prevent subsequent debris flow.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ratiranjan Jena, Biswajeet Pradhan, Sambit Prasanajit Naik, Abdullah M. Alamri
Summary: This study develops a convolutional neural network (CNN) model for earthquake probability assessment in NE India and conducts earthquake risk mapping using various techniques. The results show that the CNN model is robust and outperforms other algorithms, providing good accuracy for probability mapping.
GEOSCIENCE FRONTIERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jiang Xiong, Chuan Tang, Ming Chen, Xianzheng Zhang, Qingyun Shi, Lingfeng Gong
Summary: The article analyzes a catastrophic debris flow event triggered by heavy rainfall in Wenchuan County, China on August 20, 2019, and further discusses the long-term trend of debris flow in the county. The analysis shows that while debris flow activity is decreasing in Wenchuan County, it will still take more than 5 to 10 years to recover to pre-earthquake levels.
BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Hao Zheng, Zhifei Deng, Lanlan Guo, Jifu Liu, Lianyou Liu, Tiewei Li, Huan Zheng, Tao Zheng
Summary: A physical vulnerability assessment model based on pushover analysis is proposed to assess the vulnerability of buildings in the earthquake-debris flow disaster chain in Beichuan County, China. By comparing different vulnerability assessment methods, it is observed that the structural properties and vulnerability of buildings have changed during the disaster chain process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Ming Chen, Chuan Tang, Xianzheng Zhang, Jiang Xiong, Ming Chang, Qingyun Shi, Feilong Wang, Mingwei Li
Summary: This study proposes a quantitative method to assess the physical fragility of buildings to debris flows in the Wenchuan earthquake-affected areas by analyzing debris flow activity and building damage features. Physical fragility curves for different building structures are proposed based on the probability of exceeding different damage states corresponding to different intensities of debris flows. Using the proposed physical fragility functions, the structural resistance of buildings to debris flows in the affected region can be assessed, providing a scientific basis for risk management and mitigation strategies.
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yuqing Sun, Yonggang Ge, Xingzhang Chen, Lu Zeng, Xinyue Liang
Summary: Due to the specific geographical and geological environment, debris flow occurs frequently in mountainous areas, causing significant damage to linear infrastructure. However, the lack of regional vulnerability data has limited the systematic assessment of debris flow risk to national highways. This study presents a comprehensive regional risk assessment framework on the northern line of the Sichuan-Tibet Highway in China, using a detailed inventory of debris flow and highway structure characteristics. The framework includes hazard analyses, vulnerability analyses, and risk calculation, and has been evaluated with satisfactory results.
GEOMATICS NATURAL HAZARDS & RISK
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Catalina Yepes-Estrada, Alejandro Calderon, Catarina Costa, Helen Crowley, Jamal Dabbeek, Maria Camila Hoyos, Luis Martins, Nicole Paul, Anirudh Rao, Vitor Silva
Summary: The global building exposure model is a mosaic of local and regional models that provide detailed information about the residential, commercial, and industrial buildings in each administrative division of countries. This model can be used to assess seismic risk and scenarios, and it offers information at the global, regional, and national levels.
EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xudong Hu, Feng Yang, Kaiheng Hu, Miao Ding, Shuang Liu, Li Wei
Summary: In a seismic basin, the connectivity between earthquake-induced landslides and debris-flow channels plays a crucial role in determining the sediment volume transported into debris flows and the magnitude of the debris flows. This study developed a normalized index of sediment connectivity to analyze the evolution of landslide sediment transport capacity. By simulating two debris-flow events, the results showed a good agreement between the simulated and observed debris-flow magnitudes, indicating the suitability of the normalized landslide connectivity index for estimating the movable volume. Additionally, a negative correlation was found between the sediment connectivity index and landslide characteristics, suggesting a decay of spatial connectivity over time and a corresponding reduction in debris-flow magnitude.
Article
Engineering, Geological
S. Zhang, J. Y. Peng, M. P. Zhang, Y. B. Chen, Y. Y. Han, C. X. Su, D. Y. Zhuang
Summary: The occurrence of debris flows after the Wenchuan earthquake resulted in significant damage to infrastructure and the loss of many lives. This study analyzed the evolution of debris flows over a 10-year period after the earthquake to gain a better understanding of its long-term impact. Through remote sensing images and field investigations, the movement of loose deposits in debris flow gullies along Provincial Road 303 was tracked. The study found a gradual transportation of loose deposits into channels and a decreasing trend in mass transport rate from 2010 to 2018. The occurrence frequency, magnitude, and mobility of debris flows were also found to decrease.
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Fan Yang, Xuanmei Fan, Zhenlei Wei, Srikrishnan Siva Subramanian, Theo W. J. Van Asch, Qiang Xu
Summary: Strong earthquakes can trigger extensive landslides, generating loose deposits that can become debris flows through subsequent rainfall. The parameters controlling post-earthquake debris flow activity and magnitude were poorly understood. This study analyzed debris flows in a representative catchment in the Wenchuan earthquake-hit region from 2008 to 2020, investigating changes in parameters such as material depletion, grain size, and vegetation recovery. The results provide important implications for risk assessment and prediction of future debris flows in earthquake-prone regions.
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
(2023)