Article
Optics
Juehyung Kang, Ungyo Kang, Hyeong Soo Nam, Wooseop Kim, Hyun Jung Kim, Ryeong Hyeon Kim, Jin Won Kim, Hongki Yoo
Summary: This letter presents a novel method for nonlinear multimodal imaging of biological samples using a single light source and detector. The developed system successfully acquired multimodal images of swine coronary arteries, indicating its potential value for various biomedical applications.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ching-Pu Chang, Kohei Otomo, Yuichi Kozawa, Hirokazu Ishii, Miwako Yamasaki, Masahiko Watanabe, Shunichi Sato, Ryosuke Enoki, Tomomi Nemoto
Summary: Researchers have developed an easy-to-use light-needle creating device for conventional two-photon microscopy systems. The device allows for single scanning excitation of fluorophores in specimens with a thickness over 200μm, enabling three-dimensional monitoring of biological tissues and their network activities.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alessandro Prencipe, Samuel Gyger, Mohammad Amin Baghban, Julien Zichi, Katharina D. Zeuner, Thomas Lettner, Lucas Schweickert, Stephan Steinhauer, Ali W. Elshaari, Katia Gallo, Val Zwiller
Summary: This study reports on the implementation of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors on thin film lithium niobate ridge nano-waveguides, which shows great potential for on-chip quantum optics experiments.
Article
Physics, Applied
Federico Paolucci, Gaia Germanese, Alessandro Braggio, Francesco Giazotto
Summary: We propose a passive single-photon detector based on the bipolar thermoelectric effect occurring in tunnel junctions between two different superconductors. This detector converts the absorption of a single photon into an open circuit thermovoltage. It has the potential to reveal single photons in a frequency range of 15 GHz to 150 PHz, depending on design and materials, and can be viewed as a digital single-photon detector. It has a wide frequency range and could have practical applications in quantum science and technology.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yiwei Chen, Chen Jiang, Yong Liu, Hongye Su, Xiaomin Hu, Yu Pan
Summary: This study presents an upconversion-based single-photon imager for full-range and accurate 3-D imaging. Compared to previous imagers, the proposed system achieves significantly higher imaging speed and improved efficiency. The application of a high-repetition laser and a nanosecond optical delay line enables full-range imaging against high solar background noise.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2023)
Article
Optics
Zhan-Ming Li, Heng Zhou, Zhong-Yuan Li, Zeng-Quan Yan, Cheng-Qiu Hu, Jun Gao, Shi-Bao Wu, Si-Yuan Yin, Xian-Min Jin
Summary: This study demonstrates a thresholded single-photon imaging and detection scheme to extract photon signals from noisy underwater environments, achieving underwater detection down to 0.8 photons per pulse in high-loss underwater conditions. Results break the limits of classical underwater imaging and detection and open up possibilities for quantum-enhanced applications in deep-sea exploration.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chen Yang, Yilin Guo, Shuyao Zhou, Zhirong Liu, Zitong Liu, Deqing Zhang, Xuefeng Guo
Summary: A robust single-molecule light-emitting diode (SM-LED) is developed by integrating a fluorescent molecule into nanogapped graphene electrodes. The SM-LED exhibits high color purity, linear polarization, and tunable efficiency. It also achieves single-molecule Forster resonance energy transfer and can serve as a single-photon emitter for quantum computation and communication.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Feifei Wang, Fuqiang Ren, Zhuoran Ma, Liangqiong Qu, Ronan Gourgues, Chun Xu, Ani Baghdasaryan, Jiachen Li, Iman Esmaeil Zadeh, Johannes W. N. Los, Andreas Fognini, Jessie Qin-Dregely, Hongjie Dai
Summary: By studying light scattering and utilizing new materials technology, the imaging depth of high-resolution optical microscopy in live mammals can be improved. This study demonstrates single-photon excitation fluorescence imaging in the NIR-IIc range, achieving the longest single-photon excitation and emission wavelengths to date for in vivo imaging of mice.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
John Ellis, Nick E. Mavromatos, Philipp Roloff, Tevong You
Summary: This study investigates the sensitivity of possible CLIC and FCC-ee measurements of light-by-light scattering to new and old physics, including various theoretical models. The results show that these measurements can provide insights into the new physics scales and the masses of new particles in certain scenarios. The study also explores the sensitivities within the Born-Infeld theory.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2022)
Article
Optics
Ya-Nan Zhao, Hong-Yun Hou, Jia-Cheng Han, Hong-Chao Liu, Su-Heng Zhang, De-Zhong Cao, Bao-Lai Liang
Summary: The study proposes a high-efficiency single-pixel imaging scheme that integrates time-correlated single-photon counting with time-division multiplexing to acquire full-color images and reconstruct high-quality images in a single measurement. Strategies such as single-step measurement, high-speed projection, and under-sampling can further improve imaging efficiency.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Kayvan Samimi, Danielle E. Desa, Wei Lin, Kurt Weiss, Joe Li, Jan Huisken, Veronika Miskolci, Anna Huttenlocher, Jenu V. Chacko, Andreas Velten, Jeremy D. Rogers, Kevin W. Eliceiri, Melissa C. Skala
Summary: This study developed a novel light-sheet microscope system for fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) of NAD(P)H. The system demonstrated advantages in rapid imaging and limiting out-of-focus contributions, and successfully monitored metabolic perturbations in pancreas cancer cells and neutrophil imaging in a zebrafish tail wound. Compared to laser scanning, light-sheet FLIM showed significantly faster imaging speeds.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
P. Steindl, H. Snijders, G. Westra, E. Hissink, K. Iakovlev, S. Polla, J. A. Frey, J. Norman, A. C. Gossard, J. E. Bowers, D. Bouwmeester, W. Loffler
Summary: By manipulating a random continuous single-photon stream using quantum interference, engineered quantum states of light with tunable photon statistics, including photon quantum entanglement, are created. These artificial light states, more complex than coherent states, serve as resources for multiphoton entanglement.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Junsuke Yamanishi, Hidemasa Yamane, Yoshitaka Naitoh, Yan Jun Li, Yasuhiro Sugawara
Summary: Analysis of environmentally sensitive materials is crucial for the development and optimization of nanostructured photochemical materials and devices. Photoinduced force microscopy (PiFM) is a promising technique for visualizing nanoscale optical responses and can be used to characterize the adsorption state of quantum dots (QDs) on a gold substrate. The strong optical interaction induced by laser light allows for the modulation of PiFM images depending on the presence of QD crystals in the plasmonic gap between the scanning tip and the substrate. This insight into force spectroscopy can facilitate further research on the photochemistry of nanostructured materials and molecular spectroscopy.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Angelo Forli, Matteo Pisoni, Yoav Printz, Ofer Yizhar, Tommaso Fellin
Summary: The researchers developed a novel soma-targeted variant of the blue-light-sensitive opsin CoChR (stCoChR) and demonstrated its ability to stimulate neurons with lower power and without spectral crosstalk in the mouse cortex in vivo. This method, combining holographic two-photon stimulation and two-photon imaging, shows promise as a powerful tool for large-scale interrogation of neural networks in the intact brain.
Article
Optics
Petr Bruza, Arthur Petusseau, Arin Ulku, Jason Gunn, Samuel Streeter, Kimberley Samkoe, Claudio Bruschini, Edoardo Charbon, Brian Pogue
Summary: This technology can accurately localize and quantify the concentration of fluorescent molecules in heavily scattering media such as tissues, with high-depth accuracy.
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Shenjie Huang, Yichen Li, Cheng Chen, Mohammad Dehghani Soltani, Robert Henderson, Majid Safari, Harald Haas
Summary: In recent years, there has been a growing interest in using a single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) in optical wireless communication (OWC). SPAD is operated in the Geiger mode and acts as a photon counting receiver, eliminating the need for a transimpedance amplifier. However, SPAD suffers from dead-time-induced nonlinearity. To improve the data rates of SPAD-based OWC systems, optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) can be used. This paper provides a comprehensive theoretical analysis of SPAD-based OWC systems using direct-current-biased optical OFDM signaling, considering various factors such as signal clipping, SPAD nonlinearity, and signal-dependent shot noise. The impact of receiver nonlinearity on system performance is investigated through numerical results.
JOURNAL OF OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING
(2023)
Article
Optics
Hanning Mai, Anneliese Jarman, Ahmet T. Erdogan, Conor Treacy, Neil Finlayson, Robert K. Henderson, Simon P. Poland
Summary: We developed a novel line-scanning microscope capable of high-speed TCSPC-based FLIM imaging. The system includes a laser line focus optically connected to a 1024 x 8 SPAD-based line-imaging CMOS with high acquisition rates. The high-speed FLIM platform demonstrated imaging capability in various biological applications.
Article
Optics
Stirling Scholes, Lehloa Mohapi, Jonathan Leach, Andrew Forbes, Angela Dudley
Summary: In this study, a Liquid Crystal on Silicon Spatial Light Modulator (LCoS-SLM) is used to imitate the mechanical design of a deformable mirror, and the effect of the number of mirror segments and their geometrical structure on resulting structured modes is quantitatively analysed. This approach can serve as a test bed prior to designing a deformable mirror for high power beam shaping.
APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Mohamed Amir Alaa Belmekki, Jonathan Leach, Rachael Tobin, Gerald S. Buller, Stephen McLaughlin, Abderrahim Halimi
Summary: 3D single-photon LiDAR imaging is crucial for many applications, but requires analysis of low signal-to-noise ratio returns and high data volume. This paper proposes a multiscale approach for 3D surface detection, reducing data volume while obtaining background-free surfaces for depth and reflectivity inference. A hierarchical Bayesian model is also introduced for 3D reconstruction and spectral classification. Results demonstrate the superiority of these approaches compared to state-of-the-art algorithms.
Article
Optics
Aurora Maccarone, Kristofer Rummond, Aongus Mccarthy, Ulrich K. S. Teinlehner, Julian Achella, Diego A. Guirre G. Arcia, Agata Pawlikowska, Robert A. Lamb, Robert K. Henderson, Stephen Mclaughlin, Yoann Altmann, Gerald S. Buller
Summary: We developed a fully submerged underwater LiDAR transceiver system using single-photon detection technologies. The system utilized a silicon single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) detector array and picosecond resolution time-correlated single-photon counting for photon time-of-flight measurement. Real-time three-dimensional imaging was achieved through a joint surface detection and distance estimation algorithm. The system demonstrated high-resolution imaging of stationary and moving targets at depths of 1.8 meters and stand-off distances of up to 5.5 attenuation lengths.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Suraj Goel, Max Tyler, Feng Zhu, Saroch Leedumrongwatthanakun, Mehul Malik, Jonathan Leach
Summary: Efficient manipulation, sorting, and measurement of optical modes and single-photon states are achieved in this study. The researchers use a specially designed multiplane light converter to simultaneously and efficiently sort nonorthogonal, overlapping states of light encoded in the transverse spatial degree of freedom. This has implications for optimal image identification and classification in optical networks.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Matthew Eadie, Jinpeng Liao, Wael Ageeli, Ghulam Nabi, Nikola Krstajic
Summary: We developed a method using multi-frame super-resolution algorithm and fiber bundle rotation to overcome the honeycomb effect in fiber-bundle endomicroscopy. The algorithm can effectively restore high-quality images and improve the structural similarity index measurement. The model was trained using simulated data and showed promising real-time performance.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Gyles E. Cozier, Rachael C. Andrews, Anca Frinculescu, Ranjeet Kumar, Benedict May, Tom Tooth, Peter Collins, Andrew Costello, Tom S. F. Haines, Tom P. Freeman, Ian S. Blagbrough, Jennifer Scott, Trevor Shine, Oliver B. Sutcliffe, Stephen M. Husbands, Jonathan Leach, Richard W. Bowman, Christopher R. Pudney
Summary: Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are a class of new psychoactive substances (NPS) primarily used in prisons and homeless communities in the U.K. SCs have severe side effects and are associated with numerous deaths. The detection of SCs is challenging due to their chemical diversity and their adsorption onto physical matrices. This study presents a portable and rapid generic test for SCs using fluorescence analysis.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Filip Taneski, Istvan Gyongy, Tarek Al Abbas, Robert K. Henderson
Summary: This paper introduces a guided dToF approach for self-driving vehicles, which utilizes external guidance from other onboard sensors to provide an efficient solid-state lidar solution. It reduces data processing and storage requirements while mitigating multipath reflections.
Review
Optics
Robert h. Hadfield, Jonathan Leach, Fiona Fleming, Douglas j. Paul, Chee hing Tan, Jo shien Ng, Robert k. Henderson, Gerald s. Buller
Summary: The development of single-photon detectors with picosecond timing resolution has driven progress in time-correlated single-photon counting applications, including quantum optics, life sciences, and remote sensing. Advanced optoelectronic device architectures offer high-performance single-pixel devices and the ability to scale up to detector arrays, increasing single-photon sensitivity.
Article
Optics
German Mora-Martin, Stirling Scholes, Lice Ruget, Robert Henderson, Jonathan Leach, Istvan Gyongy
Summary: In this paper, a 3D convolutional neural network (CNN) is trained using synthetic depth sequences to denoise and upscale (x4) depth data. Experimental results using synthetic and real ToF data demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach. With GPU acceleration, the approach achieves processing speeds of >30 frames per second, making it suitable for low-latency imaging.
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Chane Moodley, Alice Ruget, Jonathan Leach, Andrew Forbes
Summary: In order to improve image acquisition speed, researchers implemented four machine learning algorithms and trained them on a dataset with noise and blur. The results showed that logistic regression algorithm achieved a 10x speed up in image acquisition time with a prediction accuracy of 99%. This method does not require image denoising or enhancement prior to recognition, reducing training and implementation time, as well as computational intensity, making it suitable for real-time quantum imaging and recognition of light sensitive structures.
ADVANCED QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Optics
Imogen Morland, Hanna Ostapenko, Feng Zhu, Derryck T. Reid, Jonathan Leach
Summary: In this study, correlated photon pairs were generated at 790nm wavelength using a compact GHz-rate cavity laser. The indistinguishability of the photons produced by SPDC was verified using Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometry, and a dip in coincidence counts with a visibility of 81.8% was observed.
