Article
Biology
Rohini R. Nair, Dmitry Zabezhinsky, Rita Gelin-Licht, Brian J. Haas, Michael C. A. Dyhr, Hannah S. Sperber, Chad Nusbaum, Jeffrey E. Gerst
Summary: The study reveals that yeast mRNAs can form discrete mRNA ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) complexes (transperons) during transcription, similar to the operons in prokaryotes, composed of mRNAs from different chromosomes co-translating proteins involved in the same biological processes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jessica R. Child, Alex C. Hofler, Qiang Chen, Brenda H. Yang, Johncarlo Kristofich, Tianli Zheng, Molly M. Hannigan, Andrew L. Elles, David W. Reid, Christopher V. Nicchitta
Summary: The role of the signal recognition particle (SRP) pathway in protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is well known, but its involvement in RNA localization to the ER is unclear. Recent research suggests that the SRP pathway is not necessary for mRNA localization to the ER, challenging current models.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dongmei Liu, Muriel Mari, Xia Li, Fulvio Reggiori, Susan Ferro-Novick, Peter Novick
Summary: This study discovered a process called ER-phagy, which selectively delivers fragments of the endoplasmic reticulum to the lysosome or vacuole in response to starvation or the accumulation of misfolded proteins. The loss of specific genes and proteins blocks the association between the autophagy receptor and the assembly scaffold protein, and a membrane contact site module is also found to be involved in ER-phagy.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Kiril Tishinov, Anne Spang
Summary: Translation repressor Scd6 and decapping stimulator Edc3 partially redundantly regulate P-body assembly by sequestering the Dcp1/2 decapping complex in the cytoplasm. Nuclear Dcp1/2 is not involved in mRNA decay and might be stored as a releasable pool, indicating a dynamic equilibrium between cytoplasmic and nuclear Dcp1/2.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roberto Ambra, Sonia Manca, Guido Leoni, Barbara Guantario, Raffaella Canali, Raffaella Comitato
Summary: Research has shown that apoptosis induced by tocotrienols (T3s) in HeLa cells is accompanied by Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum and the induction of specific calcium-dependent signals, leading to the expression and activation of the IRE1α protein gene. By analyzing the intersection of a set of miRNAs with previously differentially expressed genes after gamma T3 treatment, potential miRNA candidates were identified as effectors of EndoR-stress-induced apoptosis. In silico analysis identified miR-190b as the best candidate for mediating the Xbp1-mediated apoptotic response to gamma T3, and its involvement was confirmed in vitro with T3-treated cells pre-incubated with a specific miRNA inhibitor.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Guo-Dong Zhao, Rong Gao, Xiao-Tao Hou, Hui Zhang, Xu-Tao Chen, Jin-Quan Luo, Hui-Fei Yang, Tong Chen, Xue Shen, Shi-Cong Yang, Cheng-Lin Wu, Gang Huang
Summary: This study investigates the molecular mechanism of cytoplasmic vacuolation caused by BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) and identifies a potential drug, Risedronate, for targeting DDIT3 in BKPyV-associated nephropathy.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Qian Chen, Shaojuan Song, Zhen Wang, Yingqiang Shen, Liang Xie, Jing Li, Lu Jiang, Hang Zhao, Xiaodong Feng, Yu Zhou, Min Zhou, Xin Zeng, Ning Ji, Qianming Chen
Summary: The study showed that isorhamnetin inhibited cell proliferation, arrested cell cycle, and suppressed cell migration in OSCC cells. This effect may be mediated through upregulation of phosphorylated ERK cascades and increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, possibly triggering paraptosis as a new therapeutic approach for OSCC.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jinghuan Wang, Qianwen Cheng, Yuyu Zhang, Chen Hong, Jiayao Liu, Xinhua Liu, Jun Chang
Summary: This study found a positive correlation between the overexpression of PARP16 and the progression of AD pathology. Knockdown of PARP16 attenuated impaired spatial memory, decreased amyloid deposition and neuronal apoptosis, and reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines in AD mouse models. In vitro experiments demonstrated that PARP16 acts as an RNA-binding protein that regulates APP mRNA stability.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jinghuan Wang, Qianwen Cheng, Yuyu Zhang, Chen Hong, Jiayao Liu, Xinhua Liu, Jun Chang
Summary: PARP16, an ER stress-associated protein, is overexpressed in AD and its silencing can improve spatial memory impairment, reduce amyloid deposition, neuronal apoptosis, and production of inflammatory cytokines in AD mice. PARP16 knockdown can also protect neurons from Aβ-induced damage and ER stress. Additionally, intracellular PARP16 acts as an RNA-binding protein that regulates APP mRNA stability, thereby contributing to AD pathology.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Baiying Li, Yonglun Zeng, Sze Wan Lo, Yusong Guo, Liwen Jiang
Summary: This article describes an Arabidopsis-derived in vitro vesicle formation system for the reconstitution, purification, and characterization of plant-derived COPII vesicles. The method involves the isolation of microsomes and cytosol from suspension-cultured cells, in vitro COPII vesicle reconstitution and purification, and biochemical and microscopic analysis using specific antibodies. The entire procedure takes approximately 18-20 hours of operation time and allows plant researchers without specific expertise to achieve organelle purification or vesicle reconstitution for further characterization.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rongchuan Zhao, Yuanshuai Zhou, Hong Zhang, Jinlin Pan, Fan Yang, Ruobing Zhang, Nafees Ahmad, Jiao Yang, Minxuan Sun
Summary: This study demonstrates the toxicity of morusin to GBM cells and its ability to enhance drug sensitivity to TMZ. Morusin exerts anti-tumor effects through ER stress and cell cycle regulation. These findings suggest the potential application value of morusin in the development of therapeutic strategies for human GBM.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Muhammad Rosyid Ridlo, Geon A. Kim, Anukul Taweechaipaisankul, Eui Hyun Kim, Byeong Chun Lee
Summary: Research showed that zinc supplementation during in vitro maturation can alleviate ER stress, improve nuclear maturation of oocytes, and enhance normal embryonic development.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chandrima Ghosh, Jagadeesh Kumar Uppala, Leena Sathe, Charlotte Hammond, Ashish Anshu, P. Raj Pokkuluri, Benjamin E. Turk, Madhusudan Dey
Summary: This study identified a Kin1/2-Pal2 signaling pathway that coordinates HAC1 mRNA processing and ER homeostasis.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Shane M. Hickey, Ian R. D. Johnson, Elena Dallerba, Mark J. Hackett, Massimiliano Massi, Joanna Lazniewska, Lauren A. Thurgood, Frederick M. Pfeffer, Douglas A. Brooks, Trent D. Ashton
Summary: We introduce a highly fluorescent, solvatochromic, 1,8-naphthalimide probe that enables the simultaneous imaging of lipid droplets and endoplasmic reticulum, with distinguishable emission maxima. By delineating organelles based on their emission profiles, we are able to visualize lipid droplet biogenesis and intercellular trafficking events. Furthermore, this probe demonstrates potential histochemical applications by staining myelin lipids in ex vivo brain tissue.
Article
Biology
Vladislav Belyy, Iratxe Zuazo-Gaztelu, Andrew Alamban, Avi Ashkenazi, Peter Walter
Summary: Protein folding homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum is regulated by the unfolded protein response (UPR), with Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) playing a key role in signal transmission. This study used a two-color single-molecule tracking approach to investigate the oligomerization of IRE1 in live cells. The results suggest that IRE1 exists as a constitutive homodimer and assembles into small oligomers upon ER stress, with its lumenal domain governing the formation of inactive dimers and stress-dependent oligomers.