4.8 Article

Emphysema diagnosis using X-ray dark-field imaging at a laser-driven compact synchrotron light source

Publisher

NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1206684109

Keywords

grating interferometer; pulmonary emphysema; X-ray imaging

Funding

  1. Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Cluster of Excellence Munich Center for Advanced Photonics
  2. European Research Council [240142]
  3. Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF)
  4. Helmholtz Research Infrastructure at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
  5. National Institute of General Medical Sciences Grant [R44-GM074437]
  6. National Center for Research Resources Grant [R43-RR025730]
  7. Technische Universitat Munchen Graduate School

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In early stages of various pulmonary diseases, such as emphysema and fibrosis, the change in X-ray attenuation is not detectable with absorption-based radiography. To monitor the morphological changes that the alveoli network undergoes in the progression of these diseases, we propose using the dark-field signal, which is related to small-angle scattering in the sample. Combined with the absorption-based image, the dark-field signal enables better discrimination between healthy and emphysematous lung tissue in a mouse model. All measurements have been performed at 36 keV using a monochromatic laser-driven miniature synchrotron X-ray source (Compact Light Source). In this paper we present grating-based dark-field images of emphysematous vs. healthy lung tissue, where the strong dependence of the dark-field signal on mean alveolar size leads to improved diagnosis of emphysema in lung radiographs.

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