Article
Microbiology
Miriam Garcia-Lopez, Diego Megias, Maria-Jose Ferrandiz, Adela G. de la Campa
Summary: Two enzymes, gyrase and topoisomerase I, play important roles in maintaining supercoiling in Streptococcus pneumoniae. The ratio of these enzymes affects supercoiling and cell viability, suggesting a potential mechanism for the action of topoisomerase-targeting antibiotics.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonio A. A. de Vasconcelos Junior, Jose M. Tirado-Velez, Antonio J. Martin-Galiano, Diego Megias, Maria-Jose Ferrandiz, Pablo Hernandez, Monica Amblar, Adela G. de la Campa
Summary: In this study, a new topoisomerase I regulator protein (StaR) was characterized in Streptococcus pneumoniae. It was found that StaR directly affects novobiocin susceptibility and needs to be maintained within a narrow range.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paul Villain, Violette da Cunha, Etienne Villain, Patrick Forterre, Jacques Oberto, Ryan Catchpole, Tamara Basta
Summary: Research shows that expressing bacterial gyrase from Thermotoga maritima in the archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis can induce negative supercoiling and impact gene expression and chromosomal topology. However, this artificially introduced supercoiling activity did not significantly affect the growth rate of the archaeon.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maiwenn Pineau, Shiny B. Martis, Raphael Forquet, Jessica Baude, Camille Villard, Lucie Grand, Florence Popowycz, Laurent Soulere, Florence Hommais, William Nasser, Sylvie Reverchon, Sam Meyer
Summary: DNA supercoiling is a crucial mechanism in bacterial chromosome compaction, which is regulated by specific topoisomerases, physiological conditions, and genomic context. The altered supercoiling level leads to changes in global gene expression in bacteria.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexandre Duprey, Eduardo A. Groisman
Summary: DNA supercoiling is a crucial factor in controlling cellular processes, with similarities and differences across different domains of life. Topoisomerases play a key role in mediating changes in DNA supercoiling.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
John G. G. Cumming, Lukas Kreis, Holger Kuehne, Roger Wermuth, Maarten Vercruysse, Christian Kramer, Markus G. G. Rudolph, Zhiheng Xu
Summary: Novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors (NBTIs) have been discovered to target clinically validated bacterial type II topoisomerases and effectively combat multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. The discovery of a series of NBTIs with a novel indane DNA binding moiety, as well as their interaction with Staphylococcus aureus DNA gyrase-DNA, has been reported. The lead compound 18c shows potent broad-spectrum activity against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
ACS MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vita Vidmar, Marlene Vayssieres, Valerie Lamour
Summary: DNA topoisomerases play a crucial role in resolving topological problems in DNA. They can recognize DNA topology and catalyze various reactions by cutting and rejoining DNA. While the mechanisms of DNA cleavage and re-ligation have been extensively studied, the structural rearrangements required for DNA-gate opening and strand transfer, especially in type IA topoisomerases, remain unclear.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paul Villain, Ryan Catchpole, Patrick Forterre, Jacques Oberto, Violette da Cunha, Tamara Basta
Summary: This study reveals the evolutionary history of DNA gyrase in Archaea using phylogenomic approaches and sequence datasets. The results suggest that DNA gyrase was introduced into Euryarchaeal group II through horizontal gene transfer from bacterial ancestors. Furthermore, DNA gyrase has spread to other Archaea lineages through rare horizontal gene transfers. The study also shows the co-evolution of DNA gyrase and Topoisomerase VI in Archaea.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yuncong Geng, Christopher Herrick Bohrer, Nicolas Yehya, Hunter Hendrix, Lior Shachaf, Jian Liu, Jie Xiao, Elijah Roberts
Summary: This study developed a transcription supercoiling model that describes the interaction between RNA polymerase activity and local DNA supercoiling, and how this controls transcription. The model revealed the cooperative effect of supercoiling in highly expressed genes during co-transcription, and the importance of relative gene orientation in transcription regulation. It provides a quantitative platform for investigating the impact of genome organization on transcription.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ian G. Cowell, John W. Casement, Caroline A. Austin
Summary: Transcription and its regulation are affected by DNA torsion and supercoiling, which are resolved by DNA topoisomerases. This review focuses on one type of DNA topoisomerase II beta, which plays a critical role in developmental transcription and signal-induced transcription.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Suchintak Dash, Cristina S. D. Palma, Ines S. C. Baptista, Bilena L. B. Almeida, Mohamed N. M. Bahrudeen, Vatsala Chauhan, Rahul Jagadeesan, Andre S. Ribeiro
Summary: The study investigated the underlying mechanisms of Escherichia coli cold shock response. It was found that some cold shock repressed genes could be triggered by changes in DNA supercoiling. Additionally, the response strengths to cold shock and gyrase inhibition were correlated, and cold shock led to an increase in nucleoid density and a decrease in cellular energy.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Martina Durcik, Akos Nyerges, Ziga Skok, Darja Gramec Skledar, Jurij Trontelj, Nace Zidar, Janez Ilas, Anamarija Zega, Cristina D. Cruz, Paivi Tammela, Martin Welin, Yengo R. Kimbung, Dorota Focht, Ondrej Benek, Tamas Revesz, Gabor Draskovits, Petra Eva Szili, Lejla Daruka, Csaba Pal, Danijel Kikelj, Lucija Peterlin Masic, Tihomir Tomasic
Summary: The rise in multidrug-resistant bacteria highlights the need for new antibacterial agents less prone to resistance. Compounds simultaneously inhibiting multiple bacterial targets, like 31h, show promising antibacterial activities without cytotoxicity and potency against various pathogens, including those resistant to other drugs. The structural derivatives of 31h could represent a step towards clinically efficacious multitargeting antimicrobials resilient to existing antimicrobial resistance.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Larissa Kever, Max Hunnefeld, Jannis Brehm, Ralf Heermann, Julia Frunzke
Summary: Bacteriophages can be a powerful source for identifying novel antimicrobial proteins by targeting key regulatory hubs of their host. The Gip protein, encoded by CGP3 prophage, was found to interact directly with DNA gyrase subunit A and specifically inhibit the DNA gyrase of Corynebacterium glutamicum, resulting in growth defects and induction of the SOS response. The overexpression of Gip also led to the induction of the cryptic CGP3 prophage, likely caused by topological alterations.
MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Soziema E. E. Dauda, Jessica A. A. Collins, Jo Ann W. Byl, Yanran Lu, Jack C. C. Yalowich, Mark J. J. Mitton-Fry, Neil Osheroff
Summary: Novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors (NBTIs) are a new class of antibiotics that target gyrase and topoisomerase IV. NBTIs can induce gyrase/topoisomerase IV-mediated single-stranded DNA breaks and suppress the generation of double-stranded breaks. However, some dioxane-linked amide NBTIs have been found to induce double-stranded DNA breaks mediated by Staphylococcus aureus gyrase. The compound OSUAB-185 induces single-stranded and suppressed double-stranded DNA breaks mediated by Neisseria gonorrhoeae gyrase, while stabilizing both single- and double-stranded DNA breaks mediated by topoisomerase IV.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jeewan Thapa, Joseph Yamweka Chizimu, Soyoka Kitamura, Mwangala Lonah Akapelwa, Pondpan Suwanthada, Nami Miura, Jirachaya Toyting, Tomoyasu Nishimura, Naoki Hasegawa, Yukiko Nishiuchi, Stephen V. Gordon, Chie Nakajima, Yasuhiko Suzuki
Summary: This study found that amino acid substitutions in the gyrA of M. avium contribute to fluoroquinolone resistance, shedding light on the role of these substitutions in the development of resistance.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)