Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 107, Issue 31, Pages 13593-13596Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1006938107
Keywords
high pressure; nano
Categories
Funding
- Carnegie Institution of Washington
- Lehigh University
- National Science Foundation [EAR-0911492, EAR-0810255, DOE-DE-SC0001057]
- Division Of Earth Sciences
- Directorate For Geosciences [911492] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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We report on the synthesis of optically transparent, mesoporous, monolithic diamond from periodic mesoporous carbon CMK-8 at a pressure of 21 GPa. The phase transformation is already complete at a mild synthesis temperature of 1,300 degrees C without the need of a catalyst. Surprisingly, the diamond is obtained as a mesoporous material despite the extreme pressure. X-ray diffraction, SEM, transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and Z-contrast experiments suggest that the mesoporous diamond is composed of interconnected diamond nanocrystals having diameters around 5-10 nm. The Brunauer Emmett Teller surface area was determined to be 33 m(2) g(-1) according Kr sorption data. The mesostructure is diminished yet still detectable when the diamond is produced from CMK-8 at 1,600 degrees C and 21 GPa. The temperature dependence of the porosity indicates that the mesoporous diamond exists metastable and withstands transformation into a dense form at a significant rate due to its high kinetic inertness at the mild synthesis temperature. The findings point toward ultrahard porous materials with potential as mechanically highly stable membranes.
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