Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Shamaila Rani, Abdul Jawad, Hooman Moradpour, Aqsa Tanveer
Summary: In this paper, the thermodynamics of a five-dimensional Schwarzschild AdS black hole with Tsallis entropy in AdS(5) x S-5 spacetime is analyzed. The cosmological constant A is associated with the number of colors N in the boundary gauge theory, and the chemical potential is considered as its thermodynamic conjugate. Several thermodynamical geometry formulations are evaluated, and repulsive/attractive forces on particles at different phases of entropy are observed.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Yuanjun Wang, Fan Jiang, Yu Liu
Summary: This paper proposes a novel DTI interpolation framework named "spectrum-sine," which focuses on tensor orientation variation. The method interpolates each tensor's unit eigenvector directly, preserving the tensor's orientation information, and maintaining the advantages of Log-Euclidean and Riemannian interpolation frameworks while also preserving the tensor's anisotropy property proposed in the spectral quaternion method.
MEDICAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTING
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Dandan Yang, Xiaoping Wan, Adrienne T. Dennis, Emre Bektik, Zhihua Wang, Mauricio G. S. Costa, Charline Fagnen, Catherine Venien-Bryan, Xianyao Xu, Daniel H. Gratz, Thomas J. Hund, Peter J. Mohler, Kenneth R. Laurita, Isabelle Deschenes, Ji-Dong Fu
Summary: This study reveals a novel biophysical action of endogenous miRs in modulating cardiac electrophysiology through noncanonical mechanisms. Endogenous miR1 physically binds with cardiac membrane protein Kir2.1, suppressing I-K1 and affecting action potential of cardiomyocytes. The findings suggest that miRs may be involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac arrhythmias by regulating ion channel physiology and pathology.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Katja E. Odening, Ana-Maria Gomez, Dobromir Dobrev, Larissa Fabritz, Frank R. Heinzel, Matteo E. Mangoni, Cristina E. Molina, Leonardo Sacconi, Godfrey Smith, Milan Stengl, Dierk Thomas, Antonio Zaza, Carol Ann Remme, Jordi Heijman
Summary: Cardiac arrhythmias are a major cause of death and disability, and various experimental cell and animal models have provided important insights into the mechanisms and therapeutic options. Different models, including human cardiac tissue, pluripotent stem cells, and in silico models, have been used to study arrhythmias. Understanding the availability, relevance, limitations, and opportunities of these models is crucial for researching specific arrhythmogenic diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ting- Lee, Nguyen Ngoc Trang, Ting-Wei Lee, Satoshi Higa, Yu-Hsun Kao, Yao-Chang Chen, Yi-Jen Chen
Summary: A ketogenic diet may attenuate the effects of diabetic cardiomyopathy by regulating sodium and calcium homeostasis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Liang-Biao Chen, Peng-Fei Yao
Summary: This article proves the regularity of solutions to the strain tensor equation on degenerated hyperbolic surfaces with zero Gauss curvature on part of the boundary. Furthermore, it establishes the density property of smooth infinitesimal isometrics in the W-2,W-2(S, R-3) infinitesimal isometrics and introduces the matching property. These results are important tools in obtaining recovery sequences (Gamma-lim sup inequality) for dimensionally reduced shell theories in elasticity.
SIAM JOURNAL ON MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Emma L. Ducca, Gabriela T. Gomez, Priya Palta, Kevin J. Sullivan, Clifford R. Jack, David S. Knopman, Rebecca F. Gottesman, Jeremy Walston, B. Gwen Windham, Keenan A. Walker
Summary: The study found a strong association between cerebral white matter structure and current and future frailty. Specifically, white matter hyperintensity volume was significantly associated with frailty. However, measures of white matter microstructure were not generally associated with progression from nonfrail to frail status.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Shugang Zhang, Weigang Lu, Zhiqiang Wei, Henggui Zhang
Summary: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death globally, with air pollution being linked to cardiac arrhythmias. This review examines how common air pollutants affect arrhythmias through mechanisms like impaired ion channel functionality. Future research areas are suggested to address remaining scientific questions.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Obada Abouassali, Mengmeng Chang, Bojjibabu Chidipi, Jose Luis Martinez, Michelle Reiser, Manasa Kanithi, Ravi Soni, Thomas McDonald, Bengt Herweg, Javier Saiz, Laurent Calcul, Sami F. Noujaim
Summary: The study indicates that flavored electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) can have potential cardiac toxicity, affecting heart rate variability and duration of field potential in cell lines and animal models. Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term cardiac safety of these products in humans and understand the individual components' impact on cardiac toxicity.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ricardo Rios-Carrillo, Alonso Ramirez-Manzanares, Hiram Luna-Munguia, Mirelta Regalado, Luis Concha
Summary: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) is a non-invasive technique sensitive to microstructural geometry in neural tissue and useful for detecting neuropathology. Tensor-valued diffusion encoding schemes (b-tensor) enrich the microstructural data obtained from DW-MRI. This study explores the application of machine learning in analyzing b-tensor encoding data to detect histopathology and neurodegeneration.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Auriane C. Ernault, Veronique M. F. Meijborg, Ruben Coronel
Summary: Obesity is a significant risk factor for arrhythmic cardiovascular death. A review investigates the influence of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) on arrhythmogenesis, highlighting its impact on atrial and ventricular conduction delay, structural cross talk with the heart, and secretion of substances that influence cardiomyocyte electrophysiology. The interaction between EAT and cardiomyocytes facilitates arrhythmias via activation delay, conduction slowing, and increased risk of block.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nitish Katoch, Bup-Kyung Choi, Ji-Ae Park, In-Ok Ko, Hyung-Joong Kim
Summary: The study compared the accuracy of different conductivity tensor reconstruction models and found that the CTI method had lower relative errors in conductivity imaging. The CTI method could better handle different ion concentrations and mobilities, but its correlation with diffusion tensor images needs to be considered.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Diego M. Morales, Christopher D. Smyser, Rowland H. Han, Jeanette K. Kenley, Joshua S. Shimony, Tara A. Smyser, Jennifer M. Strahle, Terrie E. Inder, David D. Limbrick
Summary: The study examined the relationship between diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers in preterm infants with posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH), finding elevated CSF biomarkers and differences in dMRI measures between PHH infants and controls. Specific associations were observed between dMRI and CSF biomarkers at the initiation of PHH treatment, suggesting potential for innovative methods to examine PHH-related white matter injury and developmental sequelae.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julie Magat, Maxime Yon, Yann Bihan-Poudec, Valery Ozenne
Summary: This study developed a groupwise registration and tractography framework to determine the global myofiber arrangement in large mammalian sheep hearts. The proposed method successfully described sub-regions in the intraventricular septum, demonstrating its potential application. The study is important for diagnosing heart pathologies and defining quantitative biomarkers for myocardial myocyte orientation.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Linying Guo, He Wang, Ji Zhou, Weijun Tang, Rong Wang, Zebin Xiao, Lingjie Wu, Jie Wang, Liping Li, Yuan Lei, Xinghuai Sun, Zuohua Tang
Summary: This study revealed that PM2.5 exposure triggered visual dysfunction, and altered microstructure, metabolite, and function in the retina and visual brain areas along the visual system.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anastasia Bazhutina, Nathalie A. Balakina-Vikulova, Alexander Kursanov, Olga Solovyova, Alexander Panfilov, Leonid B. Katsnelson
Summary: Cardiac fibroblasts, although mechanically passive, can electrically communicate with cardiomyocytes via gap junctions, affecting both the electrical and mechanical activity of myocytes. This study proposes a mathematical model to study the electrotonic interaction between human cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts, revealing that this interaction can significantly reduce contractility and impact mechano-calcium and mechano-electric feedback loops. Moderate myocyte-fibroblast gap junction conductance values are suggested for physiological conditions, while higher values may be indicative of pathological situations, leading to dramatic reductions in mechanical indexes.
PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Maarten A. J. De Smet, Alessio Lissoni, Timur Nezlobinsky, Nan Wang, Eef Dries, Marta Perez-Hernandez, Xianming Lin, Matthew Amoni, Tim Vervliet, Katja Witschas, Eli Rothenberg, Geert Bultynck, Rainer Schulz, Alexander V. Panfilov, Mario Delmar, Karin R. Sipido, Luc Leybaert
Summary: Cx43 hemichannels are activated during diastolic Ca2+ release in ventricular cardiomyocytes, contributing to enhanced Ca2+ dynamics due to Ca2+ entry and coupling to release microdomains. Hemichannel opening also leads to delayed afterdepolarizations and triggered action potentials. Increased hemichannel activity is associated with electrical instability in failing human hearts compared to nonfailing donor hearts, suggesting a potentially novel mechanism of cardiac arrhythmogenesis in heart failure.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Biology
Enid Van Nieuwenhuyse, Laura Martinez-Mateu, Javier Saiz, Alexander V. Panfilov, Nele Vandersickel
Summary: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia in clinical practice that is difficult to accurately identify the sources of. A recent study found that the phase mapping algorithm (PM) has false source detection issues, while the Directed Graph Mapping (DGM) tool based on network theory can more accurately detect the true sources of arrhythmias. DGM can overcome some limitations of PM by varying its input parameter (CVmin).
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Farhad Pashakhanloo, Alexander V. Panfilov
Summary: Cardiac fibrosis is a well-known arrhythmogenic condition that can lead to sudden cardiac death. The concept of minimal functional cluster accurately characterizes the path of reexcitation and quantitatively predicts the reentry probability. Fibrosis density and tissue excitability affect the probability of reentry.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Rupamanjari Majumder, Afnan Nabizath Mohamed Nazer, Alexander V. Panfilov, Eberhard Bodenschatz, Yong Wang
Summary: It has been observed that as temperature increases, the resting membrane potential decreases, and at around 48 degrees Celsius, cells lose excitability. Different regions of the atria respond differently to temperature changes. The decrease in conduction velocity with a drop in temperature is region-dependent, indicating a heterogeneous response that can lead to proarrhythmic substrates.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Sergei F. Pravdin, Alexander Panfilov
Summary: Spiral waves of electrical excitation can occur in the heart in cases of dangerous arrhythmias. This study investigated the effect of external pacing on the drift and Doppler shift of 2D and 3D solitary spiral waves. The results showed that the period of the source decreased in the direction of the drift and could be described by the Doppler shift formula. The boundary annihilation site of the spiral could be accurately predicted based on the minimal period at the boundary.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Tatiana Nesterova, Roman Rokeakh, Olga Solovyova, Alexander Panfilov
Summary: In this study, we investigated the effects of elevated plasma leptin levels on the electrophysiological properties of cardiomyocytes and cardiac arrhythmias using cardiac models. Through parameter modification of a rat ventricular cardiomyocyte model, we found that leptin increased the duration of the action potential and predisposed to arrhythmias. Leptin also increased the period of cardiac arrhythmia caused by a spiral wave and enhanced dynamic instability. These findings provide insights into the potential risk of cardiovascular disease associated with hyperleptinemia.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Sergei F. Pravdin, Mikhail A. Patrakeev, Alexander V. Panfilov
Summary: One interesting feature of rotating spiral waves in an excitable medium is meandering, where the tip of the wave moves along a complex trajectory. The cycle lengths of the meandering spiral wave vary and depend on the meandering dynamics. This study shows that the cycle lengths have two mean values inside and outside the meandering trajectory, and the ratio of these mean values depends on the number of petals in the trajectory.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Yuan-Xu Xia, Xin-Pei Zhi, Teng-Chao Li, Jun-Ting Pan, Alexander Panfilov, Hong Zhang
Summary: In this paper, a method of inducing directed linear drift of spiral waves in cardiac tissue is proposed using optical feedback control and photosensitive ion channels. The authors illustrate the method using different models and light sources, demonstrating its effectiveness.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Qi-Hao Li, Yuan-Xun Xia, Shu-Xiao Xu, Zhen Song, Jun-Ting Pan, Alexander Panfilov, Hong Zhang
Summary: This paper investigates the resonant drift of spiral waves in cardiac tissue under weak periodic optical stimulation. The results show that the periodic optical stimulation induces resonant drift of spiral waves and can be used for control of spiral waves in cardiac tissue.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Teng-Chao Li, Wei Zhong, Bao-quan Ai, Alexander Panfilov, Hans Dierckx
Summary: This study demonstrates the reversal of spiral wave chirality through rotating spiral-shaped illumination, and shows how this method can be used to control and create desired spatial excitation patterns. It was also found that the control process is sensitive to the area of illuminated region.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Qi-Hao Li, Enid Van Nieuwenhuyse, Yuan-Xun Xia, Jun-Ting Pan, Mattias Duytschaever, Sebastien Knecht, Nele Vandersickel, Changsong Zhou, Alexander Panfilov, Hong Zhang
Summary: This paper presents a new method, AFV-DT, for finding the sources of cardiac excitation waves. Utilizing techniques from optical flow analysis and determinant-trace method, this approach can accurately determine different types of wave sources and is stable against low spatial resolution and noise. In clinical cases of arrhythmia, the method can correctly identify and locate the issues.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Sergei F. Pravdin, Timofei Epanchintsev, Hans Dierckx, Alexander Panfilov
Summary: This study investigated the dynamics of spiral waves in the heart under the influence of negative filament tension and explored the elimination of spiral waves through high-frequency pacing. The source of arrhythmia was identified as elongated filaments with significant length compared to the heart wall thickness. Spiral waves were successfully eliminated through overdrive pacing with stimulation periods close to the spiral wave period, taking approximately 10 seconds for expulsion.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Enid Van Nieuwenhuyse, Teresa Strisciuglio, Giuseppe Lorenzo, Milad El Haddad, Jan Goedgebeur, Nico Van Cleemput, Christophe Ley, Alexander Panfilov, Jan de Pooter, Yves Vandekerckhove, Rene Tavernier, Mattias Duytschaever, Sebastien Knecht, Nele Vandersickel
Summary: Directed graph-mapping (DGM) was used for diagnosis of atrial tachycardia (AT) in complex cases, showing high diagnostic accuracy. Although there were variations in diagnostic accuracy between experts and DGM for different AT mechanisms, DGM provided a fast and operator-independent tool for accurate diagnosis.
JACC-CLINICAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Sergei F. Pravdin, Timur Nezlobinsky, Alexander Panfilov, Hans Dierckx
Summary: Studying the phenomenon of eliminating vortices in excitable media by stimulating them with a smaller period, even in three-dimensional scroll waves, shows promising results. However, in cases with negative filament tension, longer stimulation periods may lead to three-dimensional instabilities, making elimination impossible.