Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART H-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE
Volume 224, Issue H12, Pages 1455-1470Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.1243/09544119JEIM750
Keywords
skeletal stem cell; osteogenesis; translational research; angiogenesis; tissue regeneration; osteoprogenitor
Categories
Funding
- Biotechnical and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) [BB/G010579, BB/D013682, BB/fof/245]
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [BB/fof/245, EP/H01506X/1]
- BBSRC [BB/E005950/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- EPSRC [EP/H01506X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/E005950/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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Clinical imperatives for new bone to replace or restore the function of traumatized or bone lost as a consequence of age or disease has led to the need for therapies or procedures to generate bone for skeletal applications. Tissue regeneration promises to deliver specifiable replacement tissues and the prospect of efficacious alternative therapies for orthopaedic applications such as non-union fractures, healing of critical sized segmental defects and regeneration of articular cartilage in degenerative joint diseases. In this paper we review the current understanding of the continuum of cell development from skeletal stem cells, osteoprogenitors through to mature osteoblasts and the role of the matrix microenvironment, vasculature and factors that control their fate and plasticity in skeletal regeneration. Critically, this review addresses in vitro and in vivo models to investigate laboratory and clinical based strategies for the development of new technologies for skeletal repair and the key translational points to clinical success. The application of developmental paradigms of musculoskeletal tissue formation specifically, understanding developmental biology of bone formation particularly in the adult context of injury and disease will, we propose, offer new insights into skeletal cell biology and tissue regeneration allowing for the critical integration of stem cell science, tissue engineering and clinical applications. Such interdisciplinary, iterative approaches will be critical in taking patient aspirations to clinical reality.
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