Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Thomas Kirkby, Joshua J. Smith, Jacqueline Berryman, Mark Fowell, Tom Reddyhoff
Summary: This study investigates the wear mechanisms of a used, soot-containing oil drained from an engine test. Previous studies often used fresh oils with added carbon black as a soot mimic, which may not accurately represent the oxidation pathways in engines. The research applies tribometer tests and surface analysis techniques to evaluate the wear performance of engine-drained oil on AISI 52100 steel. The results indicate the corrosive-abrasive wear mechanism involving anti-wear film formation and subsequent removal by soot abrasion.
Article
Thermodynamics
Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Yuta Tajima
Summary: This article investigates the pressure drop variation in diesel particulate filter during the filtration of particles, and provides conclusions based on numerical simulations, identifying the main factors influencing the pressure drop variation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
A. Al Sheikh Omar, F. Motamen Salehi, U. Farooq, A. Neville, A. Morina
Summary: Soot is a major contaminant that affects oil performance and increases the need for oil changes. The concentration of additives in engine oil can be influenced by additive depletion over time and additive adsorption on soot particles. This study investigates the effect of replenishing the antiwear additive, ZDDP, on the tribological performance of oil in the presence of soot and after removing soot. The results show that reclaiming the used oil by removing soot is not as effective as using fresh oil, but adding a small amount of ZDDP can improve the performance of the reclaimed oil.
Article
Thermodynamics
Suman Dey, Narath Moni Reang, Madhujit Deb, Pankaj Kumar Das
Summary: This study focuses on the combustion and emission characteristics of cerium oxide added palm biodiesel blends in a diesel engine, showing improved brake thermal efficiency and reduced emissions. Friction and wear study revealed that CeO2 added biodiesel blends diluted with lubricant can reduce coefficient of friction and specific wear rate compared to diesel contaminated lubricant.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Jiangjun Wei, Yuncheng Wang
Summary: The review explores the impact of biodiesel on the physicochemical properties of soot particles from diesel engines, as well as the influence of engine operating conditions on characteristics of soot particles generated by biodiesel-fueled engines. The relationships between soot physicochemical characteristics and soot oxidative reactivity are also examined in this study.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiaochen Wang, Ying Wang, Yuanqi Bai, Funan Guo, Dongxing Wang
Summary: The study showed that particulates emitted from gasoline/diesel dual-fuel combustion were easier to oxidize and had higher volatile organic fraction compared to diesel particles. It was also found that particles at lower engine speed exhibited higher oxidation reactivity and volatile organic fraction. The nanostructure of dual-fuel soot contributed to its increased oxidative reactivity, with a more amorphous nature being a key factor.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Jianbin Luo, Haiguo Zhang, Zhonghang Liu, Zhiqing Zhang, Yajuan Pan, Xiguang Liang, Shizhuo Wu, Hongxiang Xu, Song Xu, Chunmei Jiang
Summary: With the global emphasis on environmental protection and carbon neutrality, there is a need for reductions in pollutants such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide, and particulate matter. Diesel engines are a major contributor to particulate matter pollution, and diesel particulate filter (DPF) technology has proven to be effective in controlling soot. This review discusses the exacerbating effect of particulate matter on human infectious diseases, the latest developments in DPF performance, soot catalytic oxidant schemes, and areas for future research.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Diming Lou, Yajuan Chen, Yunhua Zhang, Kunyou Jue, Piqiang Tan, Zhiyuan Hu, Liang Fang
Summary: In this study, a self-defined transient cycle is used for the soot loading test and combined with 1D simulations to reveal the temperature and pressure characteristics of Catalyzed Diesel Particulate Filter (CDPF) during the soot loading and regeneration process. The results show that the initial soot loading amount and exhaust flow rate have a significant effect on the pressure drop of CDPF. The soot combustion process can be divided into two stages based on the soot oxidation speed.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiaohuan Zhao, Hongyan Zuo, Guohai Jia
Summary: In this paper, a nonlinear soot regeneration combustion pressure model (NSRCMP model) is established and used for Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) simulation study. The study finds that cell density and permeability have significant effects on soot loading time and pressure drop, with cell density being a key parameter affecting the overall system pressure.
Article
Thermodynamics
M. S. Almanzalawy, M. F. Elkady, S. Mori, A. E. Elwardany
Summary: The study investigates the use of the smallest ketone as a soot suppressor in a diesel engine. The nanostructure characteristics of soot are quantified using a fringe analysis approach. Image processing parameters are updated and their effects are explored and interpreted. The addition of acetone reduces the formation of soot in a diesel engine, as observed from the analysis of soot images using the updated parameters.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Priyanka Arora, Puneet Verma, Faisal Lodi, Mohammad Jafari, Ali Zare, Svetlana Stevanovic, Timothy A. Bodisco, Richard J. Brown, Zoran Ristovski
Summary: This study investigates the particulate emission and soot characterization of particles from a six-cylinder common-rail direct injection (CRDI), turbocharged diesel engine. The effects of different engine loads and dioctyl phthalate (DOP) fuel blends on particulate emissions and soot structure were examined. The results show that the particle number and mass concentrations are higher for DOP fuel blends compared to neat diesel. The soot structure of DOP fuel blends is more compact and exhibits shorter and curved fringes compared to diesel. The oxidation reactivity of soot particles is reduced in DOP fuel blends.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Song Li, Yu Li, Jinping Liu, Wen Meng, Mengyan Wang, Yongsheng Cao, Shuting Cao, Longbo Yao, Kunpeng Zhang
Summary: A reduced TRF-PAH mechanism with 69 species and 178 reactions was developed to simulate diesel fuel combustion, which was validated with experimental data. An improved phenomenological soot model was implemented in the KIVA-3V code to model soot formation in diesel engine combustion, and experimental results confirmed the predictive capability of the soot model.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Andrea Pacino, Corrado La Porta, Antonino La Rocca, Alasdair Cairns
Summary: This study investigated the impact of a helicoidally shaped copper duct on the combustion characteristics and particulate emissions of a 2.2 L Direct Injection High Pressure Common Rail (DI HPCR) diesel engine. The copper duct, powered at 12.5 V by magnetic coils, was installed on the fuel line before the high-pressure pump. The results showed a 28% reduction in soot emissions when the device was connected to the fuel line, primarily due to a copper-mediated oxidizing effect. A comparison study with a Teflon duct revealed that the magnetic field has no significant effect on combustion and emission characteristics if no metal is leached into the fuel.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
A. Al Sheikh Omar, F. Motamen Salehi, U. Farooq, A. Morina, A. Neville
Summary: Soot contamination in engine oil leads to increased wear of engine components and affects the oil change intervals. Removing soot can extend the service life of engine oil, but may reduce the efficiency of additives.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Deliang Li, Jiangjun Wei, Haiwang Chen, Chenfang Wang, Chunmei Wang
Summary: This paper investigates the restructuring of soot particles from a diesel engine operating at low and high loads, and analyzes the changes in primary particle diameter, radius of gyration, aggregation parameters, and fractal dimension of the soot particles during aging. The results show that the low-load soot particles tend to increase in size initially and then stabilize, while the high-load soot particles first decrease and then increase in size. The low-load soot particles age more quickly and develop towards a more compact aggregation compared to the high-load soot particles.
