Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Damla Izerdem, S. Levent Ergun
Summary: The use of gravity concentrators presents challenges such as determining liberation sizes, selecting appropriate particle sizes, and optimizing fine beneficiation. This study investigates the effects of liberated and non-liberated particles on different gravity concentration equipment, focusing on particle size and its impact on recoveries, separation efficiencies, and product grades. The test results show a certain trend in separation efficiency based on particle size, with increasing efficiency initially before decreasing. The study provides valuable data on particle concentration behavior and the relationship between particle size and separation efficiency, particularly in spiral concentrators.
MINERAL PROCESSING AND EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Tonmoy Kundu, Nilima Dash, Shivakumar I. Angadi
Summary: The study focuses on the separation of fine and ultra-fine scheelite particles in gold mine tailings using a Falcon advanced gravity concentrator. Experimental results show that the concentrate bed inside the Falcon bowl initially consists of coarse particles and later replaced by fine heavy particles. Statistical tools reveal that bowl speed and wash water rate significantly affect the separation efficiency, with optimum results achieved at a rotational speed of 70 Hz and a wash water rate of 4 L/min.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
P. K. Jain
Summary: Spiral concentrators are efficient density separation equipment used for beneficiation of various minerals. They have a unique and complex flow pattern, but their operation is straightforward with low costs. Understanding the flow pattern can help improve operational efficiency and recovery of heavy minerals.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Prudhvinath Reddy Ankireddy, Sudikondala Purushotham, Mangadoddy Narasimha
Summary: An experimental evaluation of flow field on two high-gravity spiral concentrators is conducted, and the analytical solutions are presented. Liquid level on the spiral troughs is measured using a digital depth gauge. Tracer particle trajectories and free surface velocity of the spiral are determined through a high-speed camera. Increase in flow rate leads to higher liquid depth and free surface velocity along the trough surface.High-gravity spirals exhibit lower flow depths and free surface velocities, but steeper depths on outer trough zone compared to low-gravity spirals. Higher flow depths contribute to larger circulation zones, facilitating better separation of heavier minerals from gangue particles.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Guichuan Ye, Qingxiang Liu, Liqiang Ma, Xianshu Dong
Summary: The evolution law of fluid and solid motion in the initial stage of spiral separation process is critical for mineral particle separation. The research findings show that the motion behaviors of fluids and particles in the initial stage of spiral separation process could be separated into three states: the development state, the transition state, and the relatively stable state.
MINERAL PROCESSING AND EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Guichuan Ye, Yayang Huo, Chunfeng Li, Chao Deng, Yuexian Yu, Gen Huang, Liqiang Ma
Summary: The study showed that the trough profile of the spiral concentrator significantly affects coal separation performance, with the synthetic curve profile being more conducive to separating coal slime and heavy particles being easier to separate.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL PREPARATION AND UTILIZATION
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Aydan Aksogan Korkmaz
Summary: This study aimed to remove ash and sulfur content from asphaltite using a Falcon Concentrator. The experiments showed that the optimal ash and sulfur contents were achieved under specific particle size, centrifugal force, and water pressure conditions, leading to a significant improvement in the combustibility and quality of the asphaltite.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL PREPARATION AND UTILIZATION
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Ling Zhang, Lu Yang, Yan Zhao, Haochun Hou, Zeliang Zhang, Jun Lin, Caiyun Bu, Xinran Zheng, Dong Fu
Summary: This paper studied the particle classification performance in the enhanced gravity field generated by the Knelson concentrator. Three main parameters, rotation speed, backwash water pressure, and solid mass percentage, were investigated for their effects on the classification performance of the Knelson concentrator. The results showed that the rotation speed had a positive correlation with the yield of quartz concentrate, while the solid mass percentage and backwash water pressure had a negative correlation. The magnetite showed a better classification efficiency than the quartz in the synthetic ore tests, and the classification performance of quartz was inferior to that of the single quartz tests.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Aleksandr Evgenevich Burdonov, Nikita Dmitrievich Lukyanov
Summary: The research is important because it optimizes the technological parameters of centrifugal concentrators using Knelson CVD technology. It analyzes the applicability of this technology on various products and establishes the relationship between the concentrator's output and adjustable parameters through statistical analysis. The novelty lies in the use of the method of group consideration of arguments to generate families of mathematical models and choose the optimal one.
SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Ataallah Bahrami, Saghar Farajzadeh, Fatemeh Kazemi
Summary: This study investigated the efficiency of spirals in separating low-grade chromite particles by examining factors such as grade distribution, size distribution, and liberation degree. The results showed that a larger size distribution in the feed increased the enrichment ratio, while smaller feed sizes led to higher recovery rates. However, recovery decreased with increasing particle size beyond 250 microns. Evaluation of spiral efficiency based on liberation degree revealed poor performance in certain size fractions despite high liberation in the feed.
MINING METALLURGY & EXPLORATION
(2021)
Article
Mining & Mineral Processing
Selcuk Samanli, Ozcan Oney, Ozan Osmanli
Summary: Modeling and optimization tests were conducted on enrichment of chromite ore by Knelson concentrator in this study. The three-level Box-Behnken experimental design method was applied and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test the significance of independent variables and their interactions. The derived quadratic polynomial regression equations were used to estimate the chromite concentrate grade and chromite concentrate recovery with independent variables. The proposed model achieved a maximum concentrate grade of 54.77% and concentrated recovery values of 77.1% at specific conditions.
JOURNAL OF MINING SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jun Liang, Honghai Wang, Zhao Wang, Francisco M. Baena-Moreno, Daniel Sebastia-Saez, Chunli Li
Summary: In this study, the total energy consumption of AED and APSD processes was optimized using single factor analysis and response surface methodology (RSM). The results showed significant energy saving achieved through RSM optimization, as well as positive impact of heat exchange network optimization. The APSD process was ultimately selected after comparing the energy consumption of the two processes.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Suribabu Pandiri, Mudhunuru Varma Raju, Maddu Harikrishna, Ratnakar Bonda, Rameshwar Saha, Umashankar Attel
Summary: In India, the disposal of iron ore tailings is a major environmental concern. This study presents a newly designed beneficiation circuit that effectively recovers valuable minerals from the tailings. Through the use of various analyses, the circuit successfully improves iron recovery without the need for chemical reagents. The results demonstrate the circuit's high efficiency and environmental friendliness.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF METALS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ibrahim N. A. Al-Duais, Shamsad Ahmad, Mohammed M. Al-Osta, Mohammed Maslehuddin, Tawfik A. Saleh, Salah U. Al-Dulaijan
Summary: This study developed optimized alkali-activated binders (AABs) using natural minerals and industrial byproducts as materials along with activators. The physical and chemical properties of four selected precursor materials were characterized, and their proportioning was optimized based on flow, setting time, and compressive strength tests. The study also investigated the effect of various activation parameters on the properties of AABs and identified the optimum combination for enhanced performance. XRD, FTIR, and SEM analyses validated the results, and different curing regimes were examined as well. The findings provide valuable insights for producing AABs with improved performance.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
R. A. C. Correa, P. H. R. S. Moraes, A. de Souza Dutra, O. L. Dors, W. de Paulai, T. Frederico
Summary: This study utilizes a nonlinear scalar field theory coupled to gravity to model galactic dark matter, providing analytical solutions with position dependent self-interactions. The model effectively describes the rotation curves of dwarf and low surface brightness late-type galaxies.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Sunil Kumar Tripathy, Y. Rama Murthy, Saeed Farrokhpay, Lev O. Filippov
Summary: This research aimed to investigate the dewatering amenability of tailing slurry from the beneficiation of chromite ore, which contains mainly ultrafine particles with Cr+6. Various dewatering techniques were studied, and an efficient dewatering circuit was developed to recover and recycle up to 97% of the water from the tailing slurry.
MINERAL PROCESSING AND EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Sharath Kumar Bhoja, Sunil Kumar Tripathy, Yanamandra Rama Murthy, Tamal Kanti Ghosh, C. Raghu Kumar, Deba Prasad Chakraborty
Summary: Magnetic separation is considered effective for manganese ore beneficiation with siliceous rich gangue minerals, while being inadequate for ferruginous type of ore. Detailed experiments on two different manganese ore types showed varying magnetic separation performance, influenced by mineralogy. The primary manganese bearing minerals were found to be cryptomelene, pyrolusite, psilomelane, and bixybyite, with alumina-bearing and iron-bearing minerals as major gangue minerals. Optimum grades and recoveries differed between the two samples, despite having similar input chemistry, highlighting the importance of mineralogical differences.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Pankaj Kumar, Nilamadhaba Sahu, Aditya Roshan, Biranchi Narayan Rout, Sunil Kumar Tripathy
Summary: Ferrochromium production is a highly energy-intensive process, with silicon and carbon being the main impurities. Understanding the process parameters affecting impurity intake can reduce energy consumption and achieve the desired alloy composition.
MINERAL PROCESSING AND EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Pankaj Kumar, Sovan Kumar Patra, Sunil Kumar Tripathy, Nilamadhaba Sahu
Summary: Chromite ore processing tailings, a solid waste with ultra-fine size, poses challenges in recovery due to the difficulty in handling such fine particles. However, studies have shown that through smelting, high-quality metal products can be obtained from these tailings, promoting resource utilization and zero discharge.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Sunil Kumar Tripathy, D. S. Rao, C. Eswaraiah, D. Sahoo
Summary: The slag generated from steelmaking is a significant solid waste that has not been recycled due to various physical, chemical, and structural properties. This study investigates the distribution of phosphorous in the slag and the challenges in partitioning phosphorous-rich fractions for recycling purposes. The majority of particles have phosphorous concentrations ranging from 1.55% to 7.86% in ultrafine size dissemination.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF METALS
(2021)
Review
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Silpa Sweta Jena, Sunil Kumar Tripathy, N. R. Mandre, R. Venugopal, Saeed Farrokhpay
Summary: Copper is recognized as a modern energy metal with diverse applications in construction, electrical wiring, and refrigeration. Research has shifted towards recovering copper from low-grade oxide and mixed ores due to depletion of high-grade sulphide deposits. The importance of copper in clean energy and ongoing research on beneficiation techniques are highlighted in this paper.
Review
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Saroj Kumar Sahoo, Sunil Kumar Tripathy, A. Nayak, K. C. Hembrom, S. Dey, R. K. Rath, M. K. Mohanta
Summary: This review focuses on the worldwide resources of lithium ore, production, demand, and mineralogy, as well as recovery techniques from hard pegmatite ore. Various beneficiation methods are used for lithium ore, with flotation being the most commonly utilized. Key factors for efficient recovery of spodumene include reagent chemistry, surface properties, and water quality.
MINERAL PROCESSING AND EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY REVIEW
(2022)
Review
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Neha Pandey, Sunil Kumar Tripathy, Sovan Kumar Patra, Gaurav Jha
Summary: With the growth of the stainless-steel industry, there has been a significant increase in the demand for nickel, particularly in the energy storage sector. The conventional high-grade sulfidic ores have been facing scarcity issues, which can be addressed by utilizing the low-grade lateritic ores. This article reviews the available hydrometallurgical approaches for treating laterite ores and separating nickel and cobalt, as well as discusses the importance of the mineralogy and spatial distribution of these ores in selecting the suitable hydrometallurgical route.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF METALS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Talasetti Santosh, Chinthapudi Eswaraiah, Shivakumar Irappa Angadi, Sunil Kumar Tripathy, Rahul Kumar Soni, Danda Srinivas Rao
Summary: The present research aims to analyze the comminution behavior of ferrochrome slag using high-pressure grinding rolls. The laboratory bench scale high-pressure grinding rolls were used to study the three significant variables on the grinding efficiency of ferrochrome slag. The Central Composite Design was used to study the process variables, such as roll gap, applied load, and roller speed.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Arvind Kumar, Rina Sahu, Sunil Kumar Tripathy
Summary: This literature review examines the energy-efficient ultrafine grinding of particles using stirred mills. The review provides an overview of different techniques for size reduction and the impact of energy requirements on the choice of stirred mills. It also discusses the factors influencing grinding performance, such as design, operating parameters, and feed material properties. The review concludes that stirred mills have significant potential for achieving energy-efficient ultrafine grinding and highlights their advantages over traditional grinding methods in terms of higher grinding efficiency, lower energy consumption, and reduced media consumption.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Chita R. Mahanta, Prabodha R. Sahoo, Manoj K. Mohanta, Rajendra K. Rath, Shobhana Dey, Sunil Kumar Tripathy, Jitendra Prasad, Akella S. Venkatesh
Summary: After geometallurgical evaluation, iron ores from eastern India have been identified as different types of ore with varying strengths and microporosity levels. Some of these ores are suitable for beneficiation, while others are not and have higher alumina content.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Bastien Demeusy, Carlos Andres Arias-Quintero, Gaelle Butin, Juliette Laine, Sunil Kumar Tripathy, Jerome Marin, Quentin Dehaine, Lev O. Filippov
Summary: This study conducted a preliminary geometallurgical assessment of the Beauvoir granite in France using various techniques, and found variations in lithium distribution within the granite. The mica content is higher in the southern area, while the lithium grade increases towards the center of the orebody.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sunil Kumar Tripathy, Y. Rama Murthy, Nikkam Suresh, Lev O. Filippov
Summary: The study investigates the recovery of chromite from low-grade ferruginous ore using carbothermic magnetization route with conventional and microwave heating sources. Alteration of crystalline structure and magnetic property of gangue minerals enables the separation of low-grade ore through magnetic separation. The research achieved successful upgrading of the ore through optimal roasting conditions and under microwave radiation, with discussion of findings through characterization tools.
ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ri Zhang, Shasha Zhang, Mengyan Ding
Summary: A thin liquid film method is proposed to evaluate sand erosion in annular flow. This method considers the direct interaction between the liquid film and gas core, as well as the entrainment and deposition of droplets. The erosion rate is calculated by considering the effects of liquid entrainment and particle velocity decay. The method is fully verified by comparing with experimental data.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yu Suo, Xianheng Su, Wenyuan He, Xiaofei Fu, Zhejun Pan
Summary: This research investigates the mechanical properties of sandstone-shale composite through orthogonal experimental method and discrete element simulation. The results show that different lithologies and thickness ratios can affect the strength and fracture mode of the composite rock samples.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Maurizio Troiano, Andrea El Hassanin, Roberto Solimene, Alessia Teresa Silvestri, Fabrizio Scala, Antonino Squillace, Piero Salatino
Summary: This study investigates the potential of Fluidized Bed Finishing (FBF) for square flat AlSi10Mg specimens manufactured via Laser-Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) additive manufacturing technology. The results show that good finishing can be achieved using rotation-assisted tests, with a maximum reduction of surface roughness by 67%. Steel particles are found to be the most effective bed material.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Ningbo Song, Wanzhong Yin, Jin Yao
Summary: Seawater's dissolved salts and minerals have various effects on the flotation process, including influencing the characteristics and behavior of flotation factors, as well as affecting the surface of sulfide minerals. In most cases, seawater has adverse effects on the flotation of sulfide minerals, but these effects can be mitigated by adjusting the reagents.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kaiqiao Wu, Shuxian Jiang, Victor Francia, Marc-Olivier Coppens
Summary: In rectangular and cylindrical annular fluidized beds, pulsating gas flow can create regular bubble patterns, overcoming challenges seen in conventional units. This study provides new opportunities for modularization of fluidized bed operations.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shuo Li, Huili Zhang, Jan Baeyens, Miao Yang, Zehao Li, Yimin Deng
Summary: The paper assesses the behavior of cohesive Geldart C-type particles when fluidized by air with the aid of vibration. It determines that mechanical vibration is a simple and effective method to improve the fluidity of cohesive particles during fluidization.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhenfei Feng, Qingyuan Zhang, Shanpan Liang, Zhenzhou Li, Fangwen Guo, Jinxin Zhang, Ding Yuan
Summary: A new micro/mini-channel heat sink (MCHS) with a combined structure of longitudinal and transverse vortex generators is designed, using Al2O3 nanofluid as the working medium. The study explores the effects of transverse vortex generator shape and longitudinal vortex generator angle on the hydraulic and thermal characteristics, comprehensive performance, entropy generation, and exergy efficiency. The results show that the triangular transverse vortex generator improves the comprehensive performance and exergy efficiency. Combined with the longitudinal vortex generator, the MCHS achieves the best comprehensive performance, entropy generation, and exergy efficiency when the Reynolds number is 742.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kostas Giannis, Christoph Thon, Guoqing Yang, Arno Kwade, Carsten Schilde
Summary: This study presents a 3D convolutional neural network (3D-CNN) methodology for generating realistic 3D models of particles. The method trains on 2D projections of particle images to predict their 3D shapes, and evaluates the accuracy of the predictions using Fourier shape descriptors (FSDs). This methodology has wide applications in particle shape analysis.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zheng-qing Zhou, Lu-jia Chai, Yu-long Zhang, Ya-bin Wang, Ze-chen Du, Tian-yi Wang, Yu-zhe Liu
Summary: The dynamic oxidation and shell-breaking processes of aluminum nanoparticles (ANPs) during heating were studied using in situ transmission electron microscopy. The results revealed that the changes in shell thickness can be divided into three stages, and the active aluminum content of ANP decreased before shell-breaking.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Fulei Chen, Huaqing Ma, Zihan Liu, Lianyong Zhou, Yongzhi Zhao
Summary: A particle breakage model based on the particle replacement scheme, using the polyhedral model to describe particles, is proposed in this work to accurately describe the breakage of a large number of particles. Additionally, a fast-cutting algorithm is proposed to reproduce the size distribution of progeny particles determined by the breakage model. The validation and simulation results show satisfactory accuracy, efficiency, and stability of the algorithm.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Matteo Errigo, Christopher Windows-Yule, Massimiliano Materazzi, Dominik Werner, Paola Lettieri
Summary: Gas-solid fluidized-bed systems have advantages in terms of chemical reaction efficiency and temperature control, making them widely used in industrial applications. However, the design, scale-up, and optimization of these complex units are limited by the lack of deep physical understanding. Non-invasive and non-intrusive diagnostic techniques provide a way for researchers to study these systems without affecting the flow field or directly contacting the medium under study.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Saeed Fateh, Mohammad Behshad Shafii, Mohammad Najafi, Cyrus Aghanajafi
Summary: Applying a magnetic field to ferrofluids alters their flow characteristics and enhances heat transfer. Through visualization and quantitative investigation, it is found that the magnetic field influences the flow patterns and velocity profiles, improving fluid mixing and vorticity magnitude.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lei Gao, Bingbing Wei, Xiaochuan Hu, Zaifeng Yao, Yiwen Fang, Xuejian Gao
Summary: In this study, a numerical model of sand triaxial test was established using discrete element software PFC3D, and an indoor triaxial test was conducted to calibrate the numerical model. The influence of microscopic parameters on the macroscopic mechanical response of sand was analyzed. The results showed that the friction coefficient had the greatest impact on the peak strength and residual strength of the sand's stress-strain curve, and it was positively correlated. The normal tangential stiffness ratio was negatively correlated, while the porosity and boundary flexibility stiffness had minimal influence on it.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xuan Liu, Jie Gong, Kai Jiang, Xiaojuan Lai, Yu Tian, Kang Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to improve the performance of lignite coal water slurries (CWSs) by synthesizing a series of three-arm amphiphilic block copolymers. By controlling the relative molecular weight, hydrophilic/hydrophobic ratio, and ionic group content, the apparent viscosity of CWSs was significantly reduced and the static stability was improved. Thermogravimetric testing and XPS analysis were conducted to reveal the mechanism behind the improved performance.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lanka Dinushke Weerasiri, Daniel Fabijanic, Subrat Das
Summary: Fluidization at low pressure offers significant benefits for the fine chemical industry. This study investigates the behavior of bubbles and bed expansion under low pressure conditions. It is found that lower pressure leads to larger bubbles, increased bubble quantity, and higher aspect ratio. The predictability is affected by the inhomogeneous fluidization, but low pressure fluidization can generate similar bubble sizes with lower fluidizing mass compared to atmospheric pressure.
