Article
Veterinary Sciences
Yan Bai, Rui Wang, Yu Yang, Ruirui Li, Xiaotian Wu
Summary: The experiment examined the absorption of folic acid in laying hens and its impact on cecal microbiota. Folic acid supplementation did not negatively affect the health and metabolism of the hens, but the population of beneficial bacteria decreased while pathogenic bacteria reduced significantly at higher supplementation levels.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
L. L. Li, P. T. Xu, Z. P. Liu, C. A. Liu, X. Y. Dong, Z. F. Zhang, S. S. Guo, B. Y. Ding
Summary: This study simulated salpingitis in laying hens by observing the morphology and expression of inflammatory genes in the oviduct. The results showed that treatment with LPS + OCR caused morphological damage to the fallopian tube tissue and increased expression of inflammatory factors.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
L. L. Li, Z. P. Liu, C. A. Liu, S. S. Elnesr, S. S. Guo, B. Y. Ding, X. T. Zou
Summary: This study investigated the disturbance of calcium signal in the simulated salpingitis of laying hens. The results showed that the mRNA expression of calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase IV (CaMK IV), sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA), and plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase (PMCA) were decreased in magnum of laying hens from LPS and LPS+OCR groups. Moreover, the mRNA expression of calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) and Orail in uterus from LPS+OCR group were higher than that from Control. These findings provide new insight for alleviating salpingitis and uterine dysfunction of laying hens.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hiep Thi Dao, Nishchal K. Sharma, Emma J. Bradbury, Robert A. Swick
Summary: The study examined the effects of reduced protein diet, arginine deficiency, and the addition of arginine substitutes on Hy-Line Brown laying hens. It was found that while an arginine deficient diet decreased performance, the addition of guanidinoacetic acid or citrulline allowed birds to perform similarly or better than with added arginine.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Y. F. Gu, Y. P. Chen, R. Jin, C. Wang, C. Wen, Y. M. Zhou
Summary: This study found that supplementing laying hens with 15 mg/kg of chitooligosaccharide (COS) can alleviate the damage caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to intestinal barrier, oxidative, and immune stresses.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jianmin Zhou, Yu Fu, Guanghai Qi, Jinjun Dai, Haijun Zhang, Jing Wang, Shugeng Wu
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation of yeast cell-wall polysaccharides (YCWP) on production performance, microbial composition, immune modulation, and anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-challenged laying hens. The results showed that YCWP improved feed efficiency and egg production, enhanced serum IgM and expression of ileal avian beta-defensin, and reduced inflammation markers. YCWP also affected the microbial composition, promoting beneficial bacteria and reducing harmful bacteria. Therefore, YCWP has the potential to be used as a safe prebiotic and gut enhancer in laying hens.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Shemil P. Macelline, Mehdi Toghyani, Peter Chrystal, Peter H. Selle, Sonia Yun Liu
Summary: This review aims to consolidate published data on amino acid requirements of layer hens and proposes new recommendations based on these data. Inconsistencies in recommendations for various amino acids have been found, with factors such as breed, age, basal diet composition, and assessment method contributing to the discrepancies. The development of reduced-protein diets for layer hens is gaining attention for sustainable production, involving changes in diet composition with inclusions of nonbound amino acids that may influence amino acid requirements.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qingxiu Liu, Wenxiang Li, Shimeng Huang, Lihong Zhao, Jianyun Zhang, Cheng Ji, Qiugang Ma
Summary: The study investigated the effectiveness of alpha-lipoic acid with different optical rotation in alleviating inflammation and oxidative stress in laying hens induced by oxidized fish oil. The results showed that the addition of alpha-lipoic acid reduced the levels of inflammatory factors, increased the activity of antioxidant indexes, and decreased the content of oxidative factor MDA. Moreover, R-form of alpha-lipoic acid was more effective than S-form. These findings provide basic data for the potential development of alpha-lipoic acid as a chiral dietary additive for laying hens.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Omid Asbaghi, Damoon Ashtary-Larky, Reza Bagheri, Seyedeh Parisa Moosavian, Behzad Nazarian, Reza Afrisham, Mahnaz Rezaei Kelishadi, Alexei Wong, Frederic Dutheil, Katsuhiko Suzuki, Amirmansour Alavi Naeini
Summary: This study found that folic acid supplementation may improve inflammation by reducing serum concentrations of CRP, but had no significant effects on IL-6 and TNF-alpha. Dose-response analysis showed a significant relationship between higher doses of folic acid supplementation and lower CRP concentrations. Future RCTs with larger sample sizes and more diverse populations are needed to confirm and expand these findings.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jia Feng, Mingyuan Lu, Lingling Ma, Haijun Zhang, Shugeng Wu, Kai Qiu, Yuna Min, Guanghai Qi, Jing Wang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of uterine inflammation on eggshell mineralization, ultrastructure, and mechanical properties in laying hens. The results showed that uterine inflammation significantly reduced eggshell thickness and mechanical properties, while the addition of essential oil alleviated inflammation and improved eggshell quality. These findings are important for understanding the impact of uterine inflammation on eggshell quality.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amina Ezzeroug Ezzraimi, Nadji Hannachi, Antoine Mariotti, Clara Rolland, Anthony Levasseur, Sophie Alexandra Baron, Jean-Marc Rolain, Laurence Camoin-Jau
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the interaction between Escherichia coli and platelets, evaluate the antibacterial effect of platelets, and assess bacterial effects on platelet activation. The results showed that platelets inhibited the growth of certain strains while promoting the growth of others. The degree of platelet activation was negatively correlated with bacterial growth.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Chenxuan Huang, Erying Hao, Qiaoxian Yue, Meng Liu, Dehe Wang, Yifan Chen, Dan Zeng, Guoxian Zhao, Hui Chen
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the connections between feather pecking (FP) behavior and gut microbiota, inflammatory response, and 5-HT metabolism. The results showed that the gut microbiota composition differed between high FP behavior (HFP) and low FP behavior (LFP) birds, and was associated with the abundance of genera Lactobacillus, Escherichia Shigella, and Desulfovibrio. In addition, HFP birds had differential metabolites enriched in the tryptophan metabolic pathway, and exhibited altered expression of inflammatory factors in the serum, gut, and brain. Furthermore, HFP birds had lower levels of tryptophan and 5-HT in the serum, consistent with downregulated 5-HT metabolism-related genes in the brain.
Article
Ecology
Lindsey W. W. McGee, Yazid Barhoush, Rafaella Shima, Miette Hennessy
Summary: Bacteriophage therapy in combination with antibiotics shows potential in overcoming antibiotic resistance. This study examines the effects of phage resistance mutations on antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli. Results reveal that phage-resistant mutants maintain resistance to other phages and some display trade-offs between phage and antibiotic resistance. Surprisingly, some mutants exhibit synergistic pleiotropy, leading to increased antibiotic resistance. This study highlights the importance of selective pressures and pleiotropic interactions in phage-antibiotic combinatorial therapy.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Irina V. Mikheyeva, Jiawei Sun, Kerwyn Casey Huang, Thomas J. Silhavy
Summary: This study demonstrates that loss of BamD in Escherichia coli leads to reduction in outer membrane proteins (OMPs), weakening the outer membrane and altering cell shape. This results in outer membrane rupture in spent medium. In response to the loss of OMPs, phospholipids flip into the outer leaflet, creating tension between the membrane leaflets and contributing to membrane rupture. Suppressor mutations that halt phospholipid removal prevent rupture but do not restore membrane stiffness or normal cell shape, suggesting a possible connection between outer membrane stiffness and cell shape.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Jiaxin Wu, Ming Huang, Yi Zhan, Minmin Liu, Xiaoqing Hu, Yuanming Wu, Jun Qiao, Zhen Wang, Hedan Li, Jianli Wang, Xiaoyuan Wang
Summary: Colanic acid production in Escherichia coli can be enhanced by regulating cardiolipin biosynthesis. Single deletion of clsA, clsB, or clsC slightly increased colanic acid production, but double or triple deletion of these genes significantly increased production. The best production was observed in the mutant WWM16, which had a 126-fold increase compared to the control strain MG1655. Overexpression of genes rcsA and rcsD(1-466) further improved colanic acid production, resulting in the highest reported titer of 44.9 g/L.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Emma Laing, Andrea K. K. Stone, Dai Shi, Mark Pickard, James D. D. House, Ning Wang, Michael T. T. Nickerson
Summary: This study investigated the effect of infrared processing on protein and starch nutrition in green lentils and yellow peas. The results showed that infrared heating did not have a significant impact on the protein quality of the pulses, but it improved starch digestibility. This research has potential applications in improving starch digestibility in food and feed.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Susane Trevisan, Ali Salimi Khorshidi, Elaine Sopiwnyk, Yi Xie, Zhaoxian Zhou, James D. House, Martin G. Scanlon
Summary: This study investigated the impact of environment, genotype, and fertilization treatments on gluten strength in wheat. The findings showed that environment primarily affected dough extensibility, while genotype primarily affected resistance to extension.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Matthew G. Nosworthy, Alan J. Hernandez-Alvarez, Adam J. Franczyk, Gerardo Medina, Jason Neufeld, Yves Arcand, Sabine Ribereau, Oscar Abel Sanchez-Velazquez, James D. House
Summary: This study investigated the effects of different cultivars and processing methods on the protein quality of soy, wheat, and oats, and quantified differences in antinutritional factors. The results showed that cooked soy cultivars had the highest Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER) while wheat samples had the lowest PER, with cooking having the greatest impact on soy. The Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS) of soy was higher than oats, which was higher than wheat. Significance and Novelty: This study provides valuable data for product development and dietary formulation by directly comparing the protein quality of wheat, oats, and soy, which is rarely reported.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Susane Trevisan, Ali Salimi Khorshidi, Elaine Sopiwnyk, Yi Xie, Zhaoxian Zhou, James D. House, Martin G. Scanlon
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between wheat free asparagine concentration, gluten strength, and whole wheat bread quality. The findings show a negative correlation between gluten strength and wheat free asparagine concentration, and reducing free asparagine in wheat does not affect bread quality.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Y. R. Tang, A. K. Stone, Y. Wang, L. Zhou, J. Kimmel, J. D. House, M. T. Nickerson
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the impact of pH shifting on the functionality of pea, rice, oat, and hemp proteins and their blends. Different treatments, including pH 2 or 10 processing with or without heat, were applied to the proteins followed by neutralization and spray drying. Changes in functional properties were observed depending on the protein source and pH treatment. pH shifting treatments improved solubility of all untreated samples, but had no effect on foaming stability. Oat and hemp proteins showed improved oil-holding capacity after acidic or alkaline treatment.
EUROPEAN FOOD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Claire M. Chigwedere, Andrea Stone, Dellaney Konieczny, Donna Lindsay, Shaoming Huang, Raymond Glahn, James D. House, Thomas D. Warkentin, Michael Nickerson
Summary: The study investigated the effect of seed phytate content on the composition, protein quality, iron bioavailability, and functionality of pea flours and extracted protein isolates. Low-phytate varieties had lower phytate content and similar functional properties compared to regular-phytate varieties. Phytate had a selective effect on mineral ions, with an increase in Fe2+ and decrease in Ca2+ content. Iron bioavailability was higher in flours compared to isolates, and low-phytate flours had overall higher bioavailability than regular-phytate flours. More evidence is needed for iron bioavailability in protein isolates.
EUROPEAN FOOD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Shengnan Li, Mingyan Jing, Neijat Mohamed, Cameron Rey-Dubois, Shusheng Zhao, Harold M. Aukema, James D. House
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different types and concentrations od alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and/or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the diet on the immune responses of laying hens when subjected to a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. The results showed that dietary intake of ALA and DHA had unique impacts on fatty acid deposition, their derived oxylipins, and inflammatory responses under the administration of LPS in laying hens.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Junsheng Zhou, Zhongyang Wan, Krishna Kishore Gali, Ambuj Bhushan Jha, Michael T. Nickerson, James D. House, Bunyamin Tar'an, Thomas D. Warkentin
Summary: This study evaluated the protein quality traits of a pea population and identified several QTLs associated with protein concentration and digestibility. The results showed co-localization of certain QTLs with known QTLs for seed protein concentration. These findings are important for improving the nutritional quality of peas and enhancing their competitiveness in the plant-based protein market.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Y. R. Tang, A. K. Stone, Y. Wang, Z. Jafarian, L. Zhou, J. Kimmel, J. D. House, T. Tanaka, M. T. Nickerson
Summary: This study investigated the effects of enzyme treatments on the functional properties of various commercial protein blends, including pea protein, pea:rice protein blend, pea:oat protein blend, and pea:hemp protein blend. The treatments involved hydrolysis, crosslinking, and their combination. The results showed that different enzyme treatments had different impacts on protein content, surface hydrophobicity, water holding capacity, oil holding capacity, emulsion stability, foaming capacity, foaming stability, and protein solubility. Specific enzyme treatments can be used to tailor the functionality of commercial plant protein blends.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xiang Li, Adam Franczyk, Kevser Kahraman, James D. House, Filiz Koksel
Summary: The study investigates the use of high fiber and protein ingredients in snack food applications. The blend of barley and green lentil flours at a ratio of 45:55 showed the highest protein digestibility and met the requirements for being labeled as a good source of dietary fiber in the US.
JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
R. -M. Guillermic, A. J. Franczyk, S. O. Kerherve, J. D. House, J. H. Page, F. Koksel
Summary: Plant-based meat analogues offer alternative options to meat consumption. This study investigates the use of low-intensity ultrasonic transmission technique to understand the texture and nutritional properties of high-moisture meat analogues made from a blend of soy and wheat proteins. The study demonstrates the feasibility of using ultrasonic transmission techniques to measure velocity, sample thickness, and provide real-time information during production that correlates with texture and nutritional attributes of meat analogues.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Taryn Bailey, Adam J. Franczyk, Erin M. Goldberg, James D. House
Summary: The study evaluated the protein quality of cooked Russet potatoes, finding that cooking methods significantly improved the protein digestibility and quality compared to raw potatoes. Protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS) values range from 0.27 (raw) to 0.57 (boiled), comparable to other plant-based protein sources like grains, nuts, and pulses. In vitro PDCAAS values followed similar trends, providing valuable data for defining the quality of total protein consumed in the North American diet.
FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
James D. House, Andre Brodkorb, Mark Messina, Michelle Braun, Elaine S. Krul
Summary: In Canada and the United States, data supporting the quality of protein is required for front-of-package protein content claims. However, the current method of measuring protein quality through animal testing is inconsistent with global efforts to reduce animal usage for regulatory purposes. This article presents four alternative options to replace animal testing for determining protein quality and encourages regulatory agencies to consider these approaches for substantiating protein content claims, especially for plant-based foods.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Anuruddika Hewage, Oladipupo Odunayo Olatunde, Chamila Nimalaratne, James D. House, Rotimi E. Aluko, Nandika Bandara
Summary: This study aimed to extract fava bean proteins using an eco-friendly deep eutectic solvent (DES) and compared it to protein extracted using a conventional alkaline solution. The results showed that DES extraction had higher protein content, recovery rate, and alpha-helix content compared to alkaline extraction.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jesper Tessin, Judith Rohde, Arne Jung, Nicole Kemper, Jochen Schulz
Summary: In this study, samples from poultry house environment and culled birds were collected, and E. cecorum was successfully isolated. The principle of isolating the pathogen by streaking on a chromogenic agar may motivate researchers to investigate transmission routes and optimize biosecurity measures.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Junqin Zhang, Zimin Xie, Yanlin Pan, Zuoxin Chen, Yunzhen Huang, Linlin Li, Jiawen Dong, Yong Xiang, Qi Zhai, Minhua Sun, Xingying Li, Shujian Huang, Ming Liao
Summary: In recent years, there has been an increase in the occurrence of fowl adenovirus 2 (FAdV-2) in China, posing a significant threat to the poultry industry. This study investigated the epidemiology, phylogenetic relationship, genomic characteristics, and pathogenicity of FAdV-2. The results showed that FAdV-2 was the most commonly detected serotype among various FAdV serotypes. Genetic analysis revealed that these FAdV-2 strains formed a distinct branch within the FAdV-D group and had a high nucleotide similarity with reference strains. Recombination analysis identified recombination events between FAdV-2 and FAdV-11 in some strains. Pathogenicity experiments demonstrated that a recombinant FAdV-2 strain caused a high mortality rate and more severe disease in chickens. These findings contribute to our understanding of FAdV-2 and provide a basis for vaccine development.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ebtsam Iraqi, Ali Abdel Hady, Nadia Elsayed, Hanaa Khalil, Amina El-Saadany, Karim El-Sabrout
Summary: Thermal manipulation during egg incubation, particularly at 12 to 18 days, has positive effects on embryonic development, hatching characteristics, chick quality, as well as posthatch thermotolerance and performance.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Yong Liu, Mingxin Song, He Bai, Chunhua Wang, Fei Wang, Qi Yuan
Summary: Dietary curcumin supplementation can significantly improve egg quality of quails in the late laying period, primarily by improving lipid metabolism and selectively regulating the intestinal microbial community.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Lei Zhang, Zhixuan Song, Peiyao Li, Xingju Song, Xinming Tang, Dandan Hu
Summary: This study evaluated the vaccine potential of recombinant proteins for avian coccidiosis caused by Eimeria. The results showed that the rEten5-B protein can trigger immune protection against E. tenella and may be a potential and effective subunit vaccine for the control of coccidiosis in poultry.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Milan Kumar Sharma, Amit Kumar Singh, Doyun Goo, Venkata Sesha Reddy Choppa, Hanseo Ko, Hanyi Shi, Woo Kyun Kim
Summary: The study investigates the effect of Eimeria infection on gastrointestinal physiology, growth performance, and egg production of Hy-Line W-36 laying hens during peak production. Results show that Eimeria infection negatively affects body weight, feed intake, immune response, and nutrient transporter gene expression. Egg production temporarily ceases in hens infected with high and medium-high dosages of Eimeria.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Elwy A. Ashour, Mahmoud Kamal, Hayman A. A. Altaie, Ayman A. Swelum, Gamaleldin M. Suliman, Guillermo Tellez-Isaias, Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of CP and ME on the performance and nutritional value of Japanese quail lay chicken. The results showed that protein and energy levels significantly influenced all productive outcomes except feed conversion ratio. The combination of dietary energy and protein levels had a substantial effect on all egg quality trials evaluated. It is recommended to feed layer Japanese quail between the ages of 8 and 20 weeks during the summer with a dietary energy content of 2,900 kcal ME/kg and 20% CP.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
J. E. Doornweerd, R. F. Veerkamp, B. de Klerk, M. van der Sluis, A. C. Bouwman, E. D. Ellen, G. Kootstra
Summary: Tracking group-housed individual broilers using video can provide valuable information on their health, welfare, and performance. This study conducted a comprehensive analysis on broiler tracking on video and potential tracking errors, highlighting the potential and challenges of phenotyping broiler locomotion. The results emphasized the importance of addressing tracking errors, potential algorithm improvements, and the need for an external animal identification system for efficient locomotion phenotyping.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jiayu Wu, Yanan Wang, Yu An, Changyu Tian, Lingfeng Wang, Zuhong Liu, Desheng Qi
Summary: This study compared the gene expression differences in liver tissues of laying hens at different ages using RNA sequencing, and found that the transport and metabolism of amino acids changed during the growing period, which influenced the growth and development of the hens.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
J. Raabe, G. Raveendran, W. Otten, K. Homeyer, T. Bartels
Summary: This study investigated the effects of different flicker frequencies on the behavior, performance, and stress response in male turkeys. The results showed that flicker frequencies of 165 Hz or higher had no detrimental effect on growth performance, injurious pecking, or endocrine stress response in the turkeys.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Adamu Mani Isa, Yanyan Sun, Yuanmei Wang, Yunlei Li, Jingwei Yuan, Aixin Ni, Hui Ma, Lei Shi, Hailai Hagos Tesfay, Yunhe Zong, Panlin Wang, Pingzhuang Ge, Jilan Chen
Summary: This study sequenced mRNAs and lncRNAs in the ovary stroma of specific chicken breeds and their reciprocal crossbreds to understand the molecular mechanism of heterosis for egg production. Results showed that genes with nonadditive expression were related to follicle growth and atresia as well as oxidative stress in the crossbred hens.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Zhepeng Wang, Qiu Chen, Yiwei Wang, Yulu Wang, Ruifang Liu
Summary: The study investigates the functional variants associated with chicken eggshell color in the SLCO1B3 gene by measuring the eggshell color of Lueyang black-boned chickens and analyzing the genetic data. It identifies 15 variants in SLCO1B3 that are significantly associated with eggshell color. However, the functional analysis shows that one specific variant, 1B3_SNP108, does not have a significant effect on promoter activity. This study highlights the importance of SLCO1B3 and its variants in breeding eggshell color.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
P. Yin, Q. Tong, B. M. Li, W. C. Zheng, Y. Wang, H. Q. Peng, X. L. Xue, S. Q. Wei
Summary: This study investigated the welfare and health of laying hens in a multitier system. The results showed that the spatial distribution of hens changed with increasing age, and lower-ranking hens preferred to stay in lower tiers to avoid competition but still had access to resources. This improved the welfare and health of the hens near the end of the laying cycle.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Wenwen Liang, Siqiong Jie, Yiqin Wang, Xiaowei Wen, Yanling Xiong, Xiaoxi Lin, Zhengrong Lv
Summary: This study examined the effect of risk perceptions on preventive behavior among vendors in the live poultry wholesale market and the live poultry retail market in Guangdong Province using the health belief model and structural equation modeling. The results showed that perceived severity and perceived benefits positively influenced vendors' self-efficacy in the wholesale market, while perceived barriers negatively affected self-efficacy in both the wholesale and retail markets. Moreover, cues to action mediated the relationship between perceived severity, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy, and also mediated the effect of perceived susceptibility among wholesale market vendors.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Shreeya Sharma, Raveendra R. Kulkarni, Shayan Sharif, Hosni Hassan, Mohammadali Alizadeh, Scott Pratt, Khaled Abdelaziz
Summary: The study investigates the impact of exposing chick embryos to antigens via in ovo delivery of poultry-specific lactobacilli on the expression of genes associated with early bursal development and maturation. Results indicate that the supplementation of poultry-specific lactobacilli to chick embryos can accelerate the development and immunological maturation of the bursa of Fabricius.
