Article
Parasitology
Xu Yang, Xingju Song, Jing Liu, Qingzhong Chen, Tongwei An, Qun Liu
Summary: “Maternally derived multivalent recombinant vaccines show potential as transmission-blocking vaccines against mixed infection of Eimeria. The specific antibodies can sustain for 11 weeks and be transferred to hatchlings through maternal immunization. Vaccinated chickens exhibit higher survival rates, body weight gains, reduced lesion scores, and decreased oocyst excretion compared to unvaccinated chickens when challenged with mixed Eimeria infection.”
VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Philip M. M. Campos, Katarzyna B. B. Miska, Mark C. C. Jenkins, Xianghe Yan, Monika Proszkowiec-Weglarz
Summary: This study aimed to determine the effect of Eimeria parasite infection on the luminal and mucosal microbiota of the duodenum and jejunum in broiler chickens. Through 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, it was found that there were differences in microbiota diversity between infected and control birds, with the infection affecting mucosal microbiota in the longer term and jejunal microbiota in the shorter term. Additionally, the relative abundances of bacteria known for short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production were lower in infected birds, potentially impacting SCFA production. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the impact of Eimeria infection on chicken gut microbiota.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Parasitology
Oluwayomi Adeyemi, Alexandra Quill, Margeen Morikone, Laura Evans, Claire Formoy, Emmanuel T. Idowu, Bamidele Akinsanya, Isa D. Jatau, Damer P. Blake
Summary: This study describes the genetic diversity of Eimeria acervulina populations in Africa and Europe using PCR-RFLP analysis. The results show high levels of haplotype diversity, with different countries having different PCR-RFLP haplotypes. This variability may pose challenges for anticoccidial drugs and future subunit vaccines.
VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. L. Kraieski, G. B. C. Salles, E. C. Muniz, D. V. J. Nascimento, A. J. Lima Neto, I. L. Santos, A. M. B. N. Madeira
Summary: Rotation with different active ingredients and ASTs are effective strategies to preserve the efficacy of anticoccidial drugs and reduce resistance. This study evaluated sensitivity of EA and EM isolates from different regions in Brazil using four ASTs, identifying varying levels of drug sensitivity and impact on anticoccidial activity.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Samiru S. Wickramasuriya, Inkyung Park, Youngsub Lee, Woo H. Kim, Chris Przybyszewski, Cyril G. Gay, Jolieke G. van Oosterwijk, Hyun S. Lillehoj
Summary: Chicken NK-lysin peptide 2 (cNK-2) has direct cytotoxicity against apicomplexan parasites like Eimeria. Developing an effective oral delivery strategy for cNK-2 in the gut can reduce parasite fecundity and intestinal damage, while modulating gut immune responses. B. subtilis-cNK-2 treatment shows promise as an effective alternative to antibiotics in controlling coccidiosis by reducing parasite survival, body weight loss, and gut damage.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Parasitology
M. Vereecken, B. Dehaeck, T. Rathinam, W. Schelstraete, K. De Gussem, H. D. Chapman
Summary: Vaccination restored sensitivity to anticoccidial drugs in field isolates of Eimeria acervulina obtained from commercial broiler enterprises, improving resistance to coccidiosis.
VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yang Zhang, Mingmin Lu, Zhenchao Zhang, Xinmei Huang, Jingwei Huang, Jiabin Liu, Jianmei Huang, Xiaokai Song, Lixin Xu, Ruofeng Yan, Xiangrui Li
Summary: Understanding the molecular basis of the determinants of tissue tropism among Eimeria parasites, this study revealed the crucial roles of microneme protein (MIC) and its associated microneme adhesive repeat (MAR) domain in governing the site-specific development of E. acervuline, E. maxima, and E. mitis within their hosts.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Vasilios Tsiouris, Ilias Giannenas, Eleftherios Bonos, Elias Papadopoulos, Ioanna Stylianaki, Erasmia Sidiropoulou, Diamanto Lazari, Athina Tzora, Bhaskar Ganguly, Ioanna Georgopoulou
Summary: The study found that the addition of a polyherbal formula significantly improved the growth performance and intestinal health of challenged birds, reducing bloody diarrhea, lowering oocyst counts, decreasing intestinal lesions, and positively impacting the intestinal microbiota. Compared to salinomycin feed, the herbal formula performed well in promoting chicken growth, reducing pathogen numbers, and improving antioxidant capacity.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
R. R. Santos, F. C. Velkers, J. C. M. Vernooij, L. Star, J. L. T. Heerkens, J. van Harn, I. C. de Jong
Summary: Different combinations of gut health-promoting dietary interventions were tested to support broilers during different stages of Eimeria infection. The best feed conversion ratio, as well as lower oocyst output and lesion scores, were observed in broilers that received multispecies probiotics, saponins, artemisin, curcumin, coated butyrate and threonine.
Review
Parasitology
Joshua Seun Olajide, Zigang Qu, Shunli Yang, Oyeseyi Joshua Oyelade, Jianping Cai
Summary: This review provides a comprehensive overview of constitutively expressed Eimeria proteins in Apicomplexans parasites. It discusses the importance of these proteins in different developmental stages, organelles, and sub-cellular components, and also highlights the existing trends and suggestions for future studies on Eimeria protein characterization.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Rewaida Abdel-Gaber, Esam M. Al-Shaebi, Ramy S. Yehia, Sawsan A. Omer, Manal F. El-khadragy, Saleh Al Quraishy, Osama B. Mohammed
Summary: This study investigated the infection of Eimeria parasites in sheep in Saudi Arabia using microscopy and molecular methods for the first time. Eimeria oocysts were observed in 33.33% of the fecal samples collected from sheep farms. PCR and sequencing identified two distinct Eimeria species with mutations at five positions. The findings highlight the importance of using advanced molecular tools for morphometric identification and taxonomic study of sheep Eimeria species.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANIMAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Victor M. Petrone-Garcia, Raquel Lopez-Arellano, Gabriela Rodriguez Patino, Miriam Aide Castillo Rodriguez, Daniel Hernandez-Patlan, Bruno Solis-Cruz, Xochitl Hernandez-Velasco, Fernando Alba-Hurtado, Christine N. Vuong, Inkar Castellanos-Huerta, Guillermo Tellez-Isaias
Summary: This pilot study evaluated the concentration of prostaglandin GF2 alpha and isoprostane 8-iso-PGF2 alpha in plasma and intestine of SPF Leghorn chickens challenged with Eimeria maxima, with or without dietary supplementation of curcumin. The results indicated that curcumin supplementation reduced the levels of oxidative damage and lipid oxidation products in the intestine after Eimeria maxima challenge. Additional studies in broiler chickens are needed to confirm and expand on these findings.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Nur Zazarina Ramly, Samuel R. Dix, Sergey N. Ruzheinikov, Svetlana E. Sedelnikova, Patrick J. Baker, Yock-Ping Chow, Fiona M. Tomley, Damer P. Blake, Kiew-Lian Wan, Sheila Nathan, David W. Rice
Summary: Infections by apicomplexan parasites involve interactions with host proteins such as SAGs and SRS. The SAG family of Eimeria tenella, a parasite causing coccidiosis in chickens, shares a conserved three-layer alpha beta alpha fold with the CAP superfamily. Despite differences in structure, Eimeria SAG and Toxoplasma SRS families exhibit sequence hypervariable hotspots on their surfaces, suggesting a common purpose of providing a platform for sequence variability.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Mary K. Smith, Diane L. Buhr, Thabani A. Dhlakama, Diana Dupraw, Steve Fitz-Coy, Alexandra Francisco, Arjun Ganesan, Sue Ann Hubbard, Andrew Nederlof, Linnea J. Newman, Matthew R. Stoner, June Teichmann, John C. Voyta, Robert Wooster, Alla Zeygerman, Matthew F. Zwilling, Margaret M. Kiss
Summary: Coccidiosis is a significant factor affecting poultry operations, leading to increased costs and negative impacts on growth and mortality. Conventional methods of diagnosing and monitoring the disease are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and prone to errors. A novel diagnostic tool, utilizing automated microscopy and morphometric analysis, has been developed to accurately and efficiently quantify coccidia oocysts from poultry fecal samples. This tool can provide valuable insights into the epidemiology and economics of coccidiosis, improving intervention strategies.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Marco A. Juarez-Estrada, Guillermo Tellez-Isaias, Felix D. Sanchez-Godoy, Rogelio A. Alonso-Morales
Summary: Avian coccidiosis is a significant parasite disease affecting poultry industries worldwide, and current prevention measures include chemotherapy and vaccination. Supplementing chickens with egg yolk Eimeria sp.-specific immunoglobulins can be an effective way to reduce the harm caused by the disease to poultry.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Caitlyn G. Edwards, Anne M. Walk, Sharon Thompson, Ginger E. Reeser, Ryan N. Dilger, John W. Erdman, Nicholas A. Burd, Hannah D. Holscher, Naiman A. Khan
Summary: Among middle-aged adults with overweight and obesity, higher intake of choline and lutein+zeaxanthin was associated with faster performance on a cognitive flexibility task. Dietary intake and biomarker data had an impact on cognitive outcomes, but were not related to the N2 and P3 ERP components.
NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kaylee Hahn, Joseph R. Hardimon, Doug Caskey, Douglas A. Jost, Patrick J. Roady, J. Thomas Brenna, Ryan N. Dilger
Summary: The study found that the use of sodium and potassium salts of arachidonic acid was bioequivalent to triglyceride form in terms of ARA accretion in the brain and retinal tissue of young pigs. The experimental diets did not significantly affect growth performance, liver histology, or hematological outcomes compared to the control diet.
Article
Microbiology
Stephen A. Fleming, Jonas Hauser, Jian Yan, Sharon M. Donovan, Mei Wang, Ryan N. Dilger
Summary: The relationship between the gut and brain is complex, involving multiple pathways including bacterial genera, gene expression, and cognition, with a focus on genes related to excitatory/inhibitory neurotransmission. Mediating variables include GABAergic and glutamatergic hippocampal gene expression, along with genes related to myelination, transcription factors, brain volume, and exploratory behavior.
Article
Microbiology
Mei Wang, Marcia H. Monaco, Jonas Hauser, Jian Yan, Ryan N. Dilger, Sharon M. Donovan
Summary: Different sources of milk oligosaccharides have different effects on gut microbiota, with BMOS reducing microbial diversity and acetate concentrations while HMO increasing specific taxa proportions. The distinct effects of HMO and BMOS suggest that supplementing a complex mixture of oligosaccharides to formula can have complementary and sometimes synergistic benefits.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Joanne E. Fil, Sangyun Joung, Jonas Hauser, Andreas Rytz, Courtney A. Hayes, Ryan N. Dilger
Summary: The study found that early-life dietary supplementation of polar lipids has limited effects on brain developmental patterns, object recognition memory, and exploratory behaviors.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Joyce Barcellos, Warley Junior Alves, Pedro Riguetti Arnaut, Lucimauro Fonseca, Jorge Cunha Lima Muniz, Juliano Cesar de Paula Dorigam, Paulo Henrique R. Furtado Campos, Fabyano Fonseca e Silva, Ryan N. Dilger, Melissa Izabel Hannas
Summary: The study evaluated the effect of an Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide challenge on the digestible lysine requirement for growing pigs through a nitrogen balance trial. The model parameters obtained under challenging conditions were able to differentiate the digestible lysine requirement for pigs under different challenging conditions.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Victoria C. Daniels, Marcia H. Monaco, Mei Wang, Johanna Hirvonen, Henrik Max Jensen, Arthur C. Ouwehand, Ratna Mukherjea, Ryan N. Dilger, Sharon M. Donovan
Summary: This study investigated the effects of supplementing piglet formula with 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis Bi-26 (Bi-26) on piglet growth and intestinal development. The results showed that the addition of 2'-FL and/or Bi-26 supported piglet growth without detrimental effects on body weight, organ weight, or intestinal structure and function.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Katelyn N. Gaffield, Dustin D. Boler, Ryan N. Dilger, Anna C. Dilger, Bailey N. Harsh
Summary: Feeding growing-finishing pigs high oleic soybean oil (HOSO) can improve feed efficiency and growth performance, but may also lead to increased fatness in carcasses. Pigs fed HOSO exhibited differences in growth performance and carcass traits compared to those fed diets containing dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS).
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Erin E. Bryan, Xuenan Chen, Brooke Nicole Smith, Ryan Neil Dilger, Anna C. Dilger
Summary: Maternal PRRSV infection can impact offspring immune responses and organ growth, while supplementation with soy isoflavones does not mitigate these effects.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Karl Fraser, Leigh Ryan, Ryan N. Dilger, Kelly Dunstan, Kelly Armstrong, Jason Peters, Hedley Stirrat, Neill Haggerty, Alastair K. H. MacGibbon, James Dekker, Wayne Young, Nicole C. Roy
Summary: The study investigated the effects of dietary MFGM supplement on lipid profiles in different brain regions of neonatal piglets. The results showed that MFGM consumption did not significantly alter lipid composition in most brain regions, except for an increase in triglycerides in the hippocampus of high-supplemented piglets. Furthermore, significant differences in lipid profiles were found between different brain regions.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Jiangong Li, Angela R. Green-Miller, Xiaodan Hu, Ana Lucic, M. R. Mahesh Mohan, Ryan N. Dilger, Isabella C. F. S. Condotta, Brian Aldridge, John M. Hart, Narendra Ahuja
Summary: This paper summarizes the barriers and solutions to the effective use of computer vision technologies in the swine industry. The difficulties of recognizing errors in behavior labeling and the disconnect between computer vision research and commercial animal production partnerships limit the widespread adoption of this technology in commercial production systems.
COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Kaitlyn M. Sommer, Julianna C. Jespersen, Loretta T. Sutkus, Youngsoo Lee, Sharon M. Donovan, Ryan N. Dilger
Summary: Oral supplementation of encapsulated tributyrin can increase the concentration of butyrate in the colon, but it is unable to mitigate the negative effects of DSS-induced colitis. It also affects the growth performance of young pigs.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Katelyn N. Gaffield, Dustin D. Boler, Ryan N. Dilger, Anna C. Dilger, Bailey N. Harsh
Summary: Feeding growing-finishing pigs high oleic soybean oil can improve pork quality, especially in terms of marbling and color, without negatively affecting sensory traits. Additionally, high oleic soybean oil diets result in wider and thicker bellies with lower levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the fat tissue.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Brad Gorenz, Vanessa Iseri, Jon Rubach, Ryan N. Dilger
Summary: This study examined the effects of graded supplementation of a thermostable xylanase on the growth performance of broiler chickens. The results showed that the addition of xylanase improved growth performance, reduced digesta viscosity, and increased the energy content of the diets.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. R. Huss, C. K. Jones, C. R. Stark, S. A. Fleming, R. N. Dilger, J. A. Jendza
Summary: The study demonstrates that using sodium buffered formic acid can stabilize and lower the pH of feed, providing continuous acidification for up to 3 months. Different animal feeds showed varying responses to the acid product across different inclusion levels and time periods, with minor changes observed.
TRANSLATIONAL ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jesper Tessin, Judith Rohde, Arne Jung, Nicole Kemper, Jochen Schulz
Summary: In this study, samples from poultry house environment and culled birds were collected, and E. cecorum was successfully isolated. The principle of isolating the pathogen by streaking on a chromogenic agar may motivate researchers to investigate transmission routes and optimize biosecurity measures.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Junqin Zhang, Zimin Xie, Yanlin Pan, Zuoxin Chen, Yunzhen Huang, Linlin Li, Jiawen Dong, Yong Xiang, Qi Zhai, Minhua Sun, Xingying Li, Shujian Huang, Ming Liao
Summary: In recent years, there has been an increase in the occurrence of fowl adenovirus 2 (FAdV-2) in China, posing a significant threat to the poultry industry. This study investigated the epidemiology, phylogenetic relationship, genomic characteristics, and pathogenicity of FAdV-2. The results showed that FAdV-2 was the most commonly detected serotype among various FAdV serotypes. Genetic analysis revealed that these FAdV-2 strains formed a distinct branch within the FAdV-D group and had a high nucleotide similarity with reference strains. Recombination analysis identified recombination events between FAdV-2 and FAdV-11 in some strains. Pathogenicity experiments demonstrated that a recombinant FAdV-2 strain caused a high mortality rate and more severe disease in chickens. These findings contribute to our understanding of FAdV-2 and provide a basis for vaccine development.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ebtsam Iraqi, Ali Abdel Hady, Nadia Elsayed, Hanaa Khalil, Amina El-Saadany, Karim El-Sabrout
Summary: Thermal manipulation during egg incubation, particularly at 12 to 18 days, has positive effects on embryonic development, hatching characteristics, chick quality, as well as posthatch thermotolerance and performance.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Yong Liu, Mingxin Song, He Bai, Chunhua Wang, Fei Wang, Qi Yuan
Summary: Dietary curcumin supplementation can significantly improve egg quality of quails in the late laying period, primarily by improving lipid metabolism and selectively regulating the intestinal microbial community.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Lei Zhang, Zhixuan Song, Peiyao Li, Xingju Song, Xinming Tang, Dandan Hu
Summary: This study evaluated the vaccine potential of recombinant proteins for avian coccidiosis caused by Eimeria. The results showed that the rEten5-B protein can trigger immune protection against E. tenella and may be a potential and effective subunit vaccine for the control of coccidiosis in poultry.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Milan Kumar Sharma, Amit Kumar Singh, Doyun Goo, Venkata Sesha Reddy Choppa, Hanseo Ko, Hanyi Shi, Woo Kyun Kim
Summary: The study investigates the effect of Eimeria infection on gastrointestinal physiology, growth performance, and egg production of Hy-Line W-36 laying hens during peak production. Results show that Eimeria infection negatively affects body weight, feed intake, immune response, and nutrient transporter gene expression. Egg production temporarily ceases in hens infected with high and medium-high dosages of Eimeria.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Elwy A. Ashour, Mahmoud Kamal, Hayman A. A. Altaie, Ayman A. Swelum, Gamaleldin M. Suliman, Guillermo Tellez-Isaias, Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of CP and ME on the performance and nutritional value of Japanese quail lay chicken. The results showed that protein and energy levels significantly influenced all productive outcomes except feed conversion ratio. The combination of dietary energy and protein levels had a substantial effect on all egg quality trials evaluated. It is recommended to feed layer Japanese quail between the ages of 8 and 20 weeks during the summer with a dietary energy content of 2,900 kcal ME/kg and 20% CP.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
J. E. Doornweerd, R. F. Veerkamp, B. de Klerk, M. van der Sluis, A. C. Bouwman, E. D. Ellen, G. Kootstra
Summary: Tracking group-housed individual broilers using video can provide valuable information on their health, welfare, and performance. This study conducted a comprehensive analysis on broiler tracking on video and potential tracking errors, highlighting the potential and challenges of phenotyping broiler locomotion. The results emphasized the importance of addressing tracking errors, potential algorithm improvements, and the need for an external animal identification system for efficient locomotion phenotyping.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jiayu Wu, Yanan Wang, Yu An, Changyu Tian, Lingfeng Wang, Zuhong Liu, Desheng Qi
Summary: This study compared the gene expression differences in liver tissues of laying hens at different ages using RNA sequencing, and found that the transport and metabolism of amino acids changed during the growing period, which influenced the growth and development of the hens.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
J. Raabe, G. Raveendran, W. Otten, K. Homeyer, T. Bartels
Summary: This study investigated the effects of different flicker frequencies on the behavior, performance, and stress response in male turkeys. The results showed that flicker frequencies of 165 Hz or higher had no detrimental effect on growth performance, injurious pecking, or endocrine stress response in the turkeys.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Adamu Mani Isa, Yanyan Sun, Yuanmei Wang, Yunlei Li, Jingwei Yuan, Aixin Ni, Hui Ma, Lei Shi, Hailai Hagos Tesfay, Yunhe Zong, Panlin Wang, Pingzhuang Ge, Jilan Chen
Summary: This study sequenced mRNAs and lncRNAs in the ovary stroma of specific chicken breeds and their reciprocal crossbreds to understand the molecular mechanism of heterosis for egg production. Results showed that genes with nonadditive expression were related to follicle growth and atresia as well as oxidative stress in the crossbred hens.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Zhepeng Wang, Qiu Chen, Yiwei Wang, Yulu Wang, Ruifang Liu
Summary: The study investigates the functional variants associated with chicken eggshell color in the SLCO1B3 gene by measuring the eggshell color of Lueyang black-boned chickens and analyzing the genetic data. It identifies 15 variants in SLCO1B3 that are significantly associated with eggshell color. However, the functional analysis shows that one specific variant, 1B3_SNP108, does not have a significant effect on promoter activity. This study highlights the importance of SLCO1B3 and its variants in breeding eggshell color.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
P. Yin, Q. Tong, B. M. Li, W. C. Zheng, Y. Wang, H. Q. Peng, X. L. Xue, S. Q. Wei
Summary: This study investigated the welfare and health of laying hens in a multitier system. The results showed that the spatial distribution of hens changed with increasing age, and lower-ranking hens preferred to stay in lower tiers to avoid competition but still had access to resources. This improved the welfare and health of the hens near the end of the laying cycle.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Wenwen Liang, Siqiong Jie, Yiqin Wang, Xiaowei Wen, Yanling Xiong, Xiaoxi Lin, Zhengrong Lv
Summary: This study examined the effect of risk perceptions on preventive behavior among vendors in the live poultry wholesale market and the live poultry retail market in Guangdong Province using the health belief model and structural equation modeling. The results showed that perceived severity and perceived benefits positively influenced vendors' self-efficacy in the wholesale market, while perceived barriers negatively affected self-efficacy in both the wholesale and retail markets. Moreover, cues to action mediated the relationship between perceived severity, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy, and also mediated the effect of perceived susceptibility among wholesale market vendors.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Shreeya Sharma, Raveendra R. Kulkarni, Shayan Sharif, Hosni Hassan, Mohammadali Alizadeh, Scott Pratt, Khaled Abdelaziz
Summary: The study investigates the impact of exposing chick embryos to antigens via in ovo delivery of poultry-specific lactobacilli on the expression of genes associated with early bursal development and maturation. Results indicate that the supplementation of poultry-specific lactobacilli to chick embryos can accelerate the development and immunological maturation of the bursa of Fabricius.