Morphology and thermal behavior of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/clay nanocomposites

Biopolymers are gaining increasing interest because of decline of mineral oil reserves, increasing waste problem, and increasing consciousness of society for environmental problems. However, competitiveness of biopolymers compared with conventional plastics is still limited due to partly insufficient properties and high prices. This study investigates the influence of blending of poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) with poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) as well as the influence of addition of functionalized montmorillonite (OMMT) to the blends on morphology and thermal behavior. Dispersion state and morphology of the nanocomposites are studied by X-ray diffraction as well as scanning electron microscopy. Thermal stability is studied by thermogravimetric analysis and crystallization behavior is studied by differential scanning calorimetry and polarized optical microscopy. With respect to the morphology for the blends it can be seen that the immiscible biopolymers PHBV and PBAT are distributed in interlocking zones. There is a good dispersion and homogeneous distribution of OMMT within the biopolymer blends. The addition of 50% or more PBAT to PHBV as well as the insertion of OMMT enhances thermal stability of PHBV. In the blends, the addition of PBAT retards crystallization of PHBV. The OMMT acts as nucleating agent leading in total to more but less perfect crystals in the blends, and the crystallization slows further due to constraint in the movement of polymer chains. These results contribute to the understanding of the structure-properties relationship of bionanocomposite materials for packaging applications. (c) 2014 Society of Plastics Engineer